Premium Essay

Calendars and Time

In:

Submitted By adidazalpha
Words 917
Pages 4
Calendars and Time

May 23, 2011
HIS458

Calendars and Time Calendars have existed everywhere throughout man’s history. Each culture had their own opinion and reasoning behind the calendars that were developed and used. Whether guided by the moon, the sun, the seasons, or the rotation of Earth, man has been working to devise a calendar that keeps accurate account of time and that fits into each cultural life style. The Gregorian calendar is the most widely used calendar today, but that doesn’t make it the only one. There are several different calendars in existence including the World calendar. Each has its good attributes and each has its negative attributes. The following is an examination of the above mentioned calendar systems.
Gregorian Calendar Julius Caesar borrowed his idea for what a year is from the Egyptians; unfortunately his model was not a calendar precise enough in its measure of the solar cycle. The solar cycle is the time required for the Earth to complete its orbit around the sun and is documented as: 365 days, five hours, 48 minutes, and 46 seconds. The Egyptian calendar is 11 minutes and 14 seconds less that the solar orbit. Pope Gregory XIII, noticing this problem, decided to fix the discrepancy in the accumulation of days in 1582. Pope Gregory ordained the October 4 was to be followed by October 15. His logic behind the day skipping in 1582 was because the following year the vernal equinox would occur and the seasonal year would be as it was before. The Gregorian calendar system also readjusted the leap years to prevent another 11 minute-a-year discrepancy. These adjustments that the Pope made to the Julian calendar were not accepted by the whole world; the Eastern Orthodox Church refused to make the change. (Boorstin, 1983) The Gregorian calendar can pride itself on only differing from the solar year by 26 seconds. It would take

Similar Documents

Free Essay

Calendars of Time

...Calendars and Time Paper Athena Falconer HIS/458 History of Human Discovery September 22, 2015 University of Phoenix Martha Kirchmer BAAG1E5459 Calendars and Time Paper “The schedule of our lives is shaped by the movements of the earth, moon, and sun” (Announcing the Sky, 2008). The cycles of the moon and sun have stimulated the minds of many; this a stimulation of thought has created a map to measure time. With the cycles of the moon and soon humans have created seconds, minutes, hours, days, weeks, months, years; and most important a way to track these moments with a calendar. The reason was for a way to organize everything, but most importantly for the seasons. “Hunters and farmers needed a calendar of the seasons- a way to predict the coming of rain or snow… Man needed a calendar to find his bearings in the seasons” (Boorstin, 1983, pp. 4-6). Though there are many types or ways of calendars that have been created throughout the centuries; calendars have been created to help with everyday tasks. “The Gregorian calendar is today's internationally accepted civil calendar… named after the man who first introduced it in February 1582: Pope Gregory XIII” (Boorstin, 1983, p. 9). The Gregorian calendar is also known as the Christian calendar. The Gregorian calendar was first adopted from Italy but was formed because Pope Gregory was determined to set the calendar straight. This calendar is the typical calendar the many see today, 365 days and divided into 12 months. Pope...

Words: 866 - Pages: 4

Premium Essay

The Haft Seen

...The March equinox reflects the values of eternal life as “[the] synchronization [of the center of the Sun and the Earth’s equator] has an esoteric interpretation in the Ismaili tradition as the Sun – the Imam, can light the believer’s (Momin’s) soul for the journey to eternity” (“Nowruz Persian New Year”). The technology of the calendar enables the connection between celestial and the physical not only through the human connection with the divine through the Haft Seen, but also through the March equinox which indicates the beginning of the...

Words: 1763 - Pages: 8

Free Essay

Title

...Guide Outlook 2007 - Calendar Outlook Client, Outlook Web Access and Calendar Sharing IT Training & Development 677-1700 training@csun.edu Office 2007 [OUTLOOK 2007 - CALENDAR] TABLE OF CONTENTS Introduction ............................................................................................................................ 1 Getting Started ....................................................................................................................... 1 Launching the Outlook 2007 Application: ............................................................................................. 1 Outlook 2007 Calendar Folder ............................................................................................... 2 Outlook 2007 Calendar Window........................................................................................................... 2 Calendar Features ................................................................................................................. 3 Choosing a Calendar View ................................................................................................................... 3 Viewing a Specific Date ........................................................................................................................ 3 Changing the Calendar Work Week ..................................................................................................... 4 Changing the Time Bar ....................

Words: 4772 - Pages: 20

Free Essay

Speech Paper

...audience on the Mayan theory of the “world ending”. Central Idea: To give information about the Mayan’s and their calendar and to show that according to them the world in fact is not ending. Introduction: Waking up in the morning you roll over look at your cell phone to see what time it is and while checking the time you also glance and the date and what date do you see but December 12, 2012. They day that many people believe will be the end of world because of one popular belief that the Mayan’s Calendar will end today and you will not wake up to see tomorrow but just wait all day in anticipation to see what happens. Preview Statement: That is what I am going to talk to you about today is the belief of the world ending according to the Mayan’s calendar that has become a very popular way to predict this. First I will you who they Mayan’s were and why they are of importance. Second I will give an overview of the three major calendars that are used to predict and what they mean. Third I will explain the solar galactic and what happened at each time this has occurred. Fourth I will explain what the Mayan’s believe will happen in 2012 so you can make your own belief’s on the Mayan’s version of the world ending. I. Who are the Mayan’s? (http://www.indians.org/welker/maya.htm) A. The Mayan’s were an Indian civilization that first began between the times Period. Of 250 A.D. to 1500 B.C. and were Mesoamerican’s. 1. They were Mesoamerican’s between of their...

Words: 1131 - Pages: 5

Premium Essay

Week 4

...non-working time on Standard Calendar * Change the working and non-working time on a Resource Calendar * Create new base calendars * Assign different base calendars to resources With calendars, you can determine when resources on a project are working and when they are not working. If you do not indicate when resources are available, you may accidentally schedule tasks when resources are not actually available. Calendars are part of determining availability of resources. In MS Project, calendars define the working and non-working time for the project and for each resource assigned to the task. As a change is made to a calendar, MS Project automatically reschedules all tasks affected by the change. Using Calendars There are two types of calendars in Project: base calendars and resource calendars. Base calendars define the working days and working hours for a project or a set of resources. Resource calendars define the working days and working hours for a specific resource. The default base calendar (also known as the project calendar) is called Standard. This standard calendar is usually set as an 8-hour day, 40-hour week, Monday through Friday, with no holidays. However, you can modify this standard calendar, but it is not recommended. MS Project also comes with two other base calendars: a 24-hour calendar and a night shift calendar. You can also create your own base calendars. You can manipulate such options as default start time and hours...

Words: 3132 - Pages: 13

Premium Essay

Instructional Calendar Case Study

...the meeting to be seen. They are working tirelessly for the District and the students. Ms. Katzburg stated that they are partners with the District and did not ask for a salary increase when times were lean. Ms. Katzburg is seeing a loss of spirit and feels that without recognition their members will burn out. Assistant Superintendent of Human Resources Keith Rogenski and Director of Communications and Community Relations Elizabeth Graswich asked the Board to take action on the proposed 2016-17 instructional calendar. Ms. Graswich reviewed the process that lead to the decision to propose a change to the calendar. Mr. Rogenski reviewed the time line and the recommendation...

Words: 1079 - Pages: 5

Premium Essay

Ilab Wk 4

...are the three base calendars included in MS Project and what are the default values of each? The three base calendars are Standard, Night Shift, and 24 Hours. Standard default values is all week days from 8 AM to 12 PM then 1 PM to 5 PM. Night Shift is All week days from 12 AM to 3 AM, 4 AM to 8 AM, and 11 PM to 12 AM. Plus Saturday from 12 AM to 3 AM, and 4 AM to 8 PM. 24 Hours is every day from 12 AM to 12 AM. 2) What is the difference between a base calendar and a resource calendar? A base calendar defines the usual working and nonworking times and days, and exceptions, such as holidays, for the project or for a group of resources. You can select any base calendar as the project calendar or as the basis for a resource calendar. You can also apply a base calendar to tasks as a task calendar. Resource calendars ensure that resources are scheduled only when they're available for work. They affect a specific resource or category of resources. 3) Why schedule one project meeting after completion of the last task, Test System? This would be a final meeting to discuss the success or failure of the system test. If the test was successful, then all team members can be released from the project and given expectations as to where they will be next. If the test was a failure, the team meeting will allow discussion on how to proceed to address the issues that caused the failure. 4) Give an example of when you would assign a 24-hour calendar to a resource. ...

Words: 857 - Pages: 4

Premium Essay

Aztec Calendar Essay

...that the calendar was a little confusing. We knew something was wrong when easter landed on summer, this drove the people insane. Wasn't easter supposed to land during the spring? We wondered if our very own calendars were exactly accurate, and this is when we realized that they weren't. As time passed, many experts and math mathematicians gathered and did many calculations to perfect the exhausted calendar. The contribution of different people to correct and improvise ancient calendars allowed calendars to be more accurate and trustworthy for the people to stop being preoccupied with time, seasons, month and days. The very first Ancient Calendars...

Words: 883 - Pages: 4

Premium Essay

Importance of Reviewing Course Requirements

...to schedule study times, setup time management plans and setting goals. Time-management and goal-setting are partners, working together, each dependent on the other. Since there is no instant way to achieve any goals, goals are achieved over time, which is the basis for the plan. Time management provides the outline for the plan as well as providing the timelines for completing each step, until the goal is achieved. My plan for successful completion includes but is not limited to: Reviewing course requirements and setting due dates for any assignments due. Annotate the scheduled times to participate in online discussion boards and live chats. Join or start a study group to help classmates if I can or get help if I need and schedule time for the group. Gather course materials and other resources and schedule time to review them. Schedule study time and prepare rough draft of assignments + X (X=time for unplanned events). Schedule review time and edit time for assignments. The time management strategy I plan to utilize to reach my objective successfully is using a realistic time line, which will be based on the time needed to complete my assignments plus additional time for unplanned events. I will be using Google Calendar because I can: |[pic] |1. Share my schedule | | |Let your co-workers, family, and friends see your calendar, and view schedules...

Words: 711 - Pages: 3

Free Essay

Mayan Calendar Article

...1 Running head: MAYAN CULTURE The Mayan Culture By Lydia Ross 2 MAYAN CULTURE Table of Contents The Mayan Background The Mayan Calendar The Mayan Mathematics The Mayan Architecture Modern Day Mayan The Mayan Prophesy of 2012 References 3 4 6 8 11 12 14 3 MAYAN CULTURE The Mayan Background The Mayan Calendar has been used to predict the end of the world. The reason for this is that the calendar ends on December, 21, 2012. Many scholars and historians have argued that there will be some type of cosmic event signaling the end of the world on December, 21, 2012. Other scholars who oppose this opinion say that it is not the end of the world but the end of an era. They predict not apocalypse but an era of bliss. In this era man will live peacefully with one another without strife. For clarity about the calendar and its intentions, a review of the Mayan people is needed. The Mayan culture came into existence around 300-400 AD. It is believed that it is a culture that is somewhat a derivative of the Olmec civilization. The Olmecs were an ancient Central American Indian tribe. The Maya seemed to appear among the Olmecs and soon took over the entire Yucatan Peninsula of Central America. The Mayan people were known for their sophisticated mathematics 1 as well as for being master builders. Their cities were beautifully built and connected by highways and streets made from tools of wood, ivory and stone. There was also a ball court built 2 in every city...

Words: 3023 - Pages: 13

Free Essay

Bombshell

...Bombshells Benefit Calendar Business Plan  Executive Summary  SSSAMM Inc. plans to create a benefit calendar called, Bond’s  Bombshells. The calendar will contain photographs of female Bond  University students who have been selected to be the Bombshells from  Bond Uni. The calendar will include advertisements from local vendors  that appeal to the target population along with information on  upcoming events on campus. The calendar will not only be functional,  to keep up on action on campus, provide coupons and deals with local  businesses but the photos of the Bombshells will also be enjoyable to  customers’ visual desires.  The calendar will be created for the target audience of male students  that attend Bond University. This group includes men ranging the age  of 16 to 25. Another segment of the population at Bond University  that could be potential customers but are not included in the target  audience is male faculty and staff. Although their patronage is  welcome it is not counted on.  No special advertising such as posters or commercials will be used to  reach customers. SSSAMM Inc. merely plans that through word of mouth  and visual sales will attract customers. Sales will take place at the  busiest hours of the weekday in the busiest area of campus, under the  arch.  SSSAMM Inc. has strong confidence that their product will be very  successful. Through market research, a market for the product was  established and continuous verbal...

Words: 2781 - Pages: 12

Free Essay

The Maya Civilization

...Maya are an American Indian people who developed a magnificent civilization in Central America. The civilization reached its period of greatest development about A.D250 and continued to flourish for more than 600 years. The Maya produced remarkable architecture, paintings, pottery and sculpture. They made outstanding advancements in astronomy and mathematics and developed an accurate yearly calendar. Maya were also the first people in the Western Hemisphere to develop an advanced form of writing. Today, their territory is divided between Mexico and several Central American countries. Through this study, the researchers aim to have knowledge and ideas about them and to know their Mathematical system. In addition, researchers and students may find out that the research about Maya is an interesting topic because they will know how they predicted the past events in this world. Statement of the Problem This research aimed to know and share an idea that could enlighten the reader. Thus, this research sought to answer the following questions: 1. Who are the Maya? 2. What are their Calendar System and Numerals? 3. How did they predict the End of the World in 2012? 4. What are the other predictions predicted by the Maya? 5. How accurate was the predictions of the Maya in the past events? Significance of the Study Since we are now living in the modern age, some of the people who were born in this age might have not been aware about the past, and they might be curious about...

Words: 5239 - Pages: 21

Free Essay

Awareness to the New Academic Calendar

...will last for 12 years instead of the traditional 10 years. And maybe also because of climate change, just recently, there were reports about Malacañang being open to studying proposals to change the school calendar. However, the Congress still has the final say on the matter. This means that the academic calendar would run from August to May or September to June instead of June to March. This was intended to avoid the suspension of class because of typhoons just like last year, about 25 typhoons, including the Nov. 9 super typhoon Yolanda hit the Philippines and also to copy the academic calendar of most countries in order to attract foreign students to study in the Philippines and assist the enrollment abroad of Filipino students and teachers. This will also allow Philippines a greater synchronization with the ASEAN, Northeast Asian and American and European universities since a lot of training programs and activities of summer institutes happen in June and July in which, in the proposed academic calendar, these months don’t have classes. At present, five universities named University of the Philippines, Ateneo de Manila University, De La Salle University, University of Sto. Tomas and Adamson University have already expressed their plans to adapt the proposed academic calendar. Looking at these, it can be seen how the education system in the country is intended to be patterned after the education system of other countries. But some of people disagree with this proposal because...

Words: 3034 - Pages: 13

Premium Essay

How Did Wilfred Able To Learn About The Dionysiac Method

...However, the Eastern Orthodox countries that accepted the Revised Julian calendar, accepted only the part of the calendar which included fixed dates and celebrations but chose to not accept the movable feasts such as Easter. In today’s society there are a few institutions and individuals that have proposed the idea to fix the date of Easter and eliminate the need for calculations of the moveable feast (Hillerbrand). According to the Hansard Reports from the United Kingdom Parliament, there was an Easter Act of 1928 that was proposed to fix the date of Easter as the first Sunday after the second Saturday in April. The Easter Act still remains on the Statute book of the Parliament and has yet to be implemented but it would also need the approval by the Christian Church...

Words: 2111 - Pages: 9

Premium Essay

Mayan Calendar Dbq Research Paper

...Although we know time has been 24 hours a day for 365 days a year it wasn't the same throughout ancient times.Most people throughout time depended on the stars in the sky, others believed that the stars were somehow connected to there believes such as there gods or their culture system.Throughout the years, people began to learn about astronomy which caused a major change in all calendars depending on the time zone. One of the earliest group of people that we have recorded is the Egyptians. The Egyptians calendar first began to be based on the moon cycles but they later realized that the " Dog Star" was next to the sun every 365 days.(Doc 1 pg.52) Which they believed was the annual inundation of the Nile which was one of their cultural beliefs. This Means that they used their culture in combination with the sun and moon which they called the annual inundation of the Nile which became part of their culture....

Words: 442 - Pages: 2