...building, place and space is affected by the context in which they were built. Buildings communicate messages about the culture they emerge from. They have narratives encoded within them that tell stories of power, patriarchy, class and economics, creating either a democratic or repressive message to the audience. One genre of places and spaces is shopping centres, or Malls as the high and prestigious places are called. The Trafford Centre juxtaposed by the motorway and ironic in its position in Dumplington, is an exemplary post-modern construction. With 5.3 million users available to access to the Trafford Centre within a radius of 45 minutes, the 2 million square foot owned by CSE is a place to make the consumer ‘happy’ through offering over 230 stores and 60 food outlets to accommodate their cultural practices. The democratic building situated in Dumplinton has gentrified the once waste ground, completing the ‘Golden Triangle’ linking 3 post-modern and functional buildings. Encoded within the Trafford Centre is signs and signifiers which create...
Words: 2057 - Pages: 9
...The migration exerted much pressure on towns and cities and adhoc developments with conflicting land uses started to emerge with no effort over required standard of buildings and public health. Living conditions, health and housing deteriorated and became unbearable. The political and socio-economic changes that were created by the Industrial Revolution brought about the ‘beginning of town planning’ with controlling procedures to improve living conditions such zoning and restrictive conditions. Between 1845 and 1875 the Public Health Acts were introduced to regulate health related issues and to implement building restrictions/bylaws. In 1909 the Town Planning received the legal recognition and it gave power to local authorities to control development. In 1909 it was amended, and in 1925 the Town Planning Act became fully fledged with statutory significance (Van Wyk, 2012:22). Van Wyk, 2012:23 believed that the 1925 Town Planning Act (London) was the “basis of the South African town planning guidelines” (Van Wyk, 2012:23). The evolution of South African planning will be discussed in details...
Words: 2077 - Pages: 9
...Kuala Lumpur as the central node in this emerging financial system. It also highlights the key principles of Islamic finance and the debates in which practitioners are engaged while developing a shariah-compliant financial system. Four aspects of Malaysia’s Islamic finance project reflect the afterlives of development. A novel approach to capitalism has been created to show how the efforts build on prior legacies of develop mentalism. First, state plans to build an Islamic...
Words: 972 - Pages: 4
...A HISTORY OF BUSINESS ETHICS The history of “business ethics” depends on how one defines it. Although the term is used in several senses and varies somewhat for different countries, its current use originated in the United States and became widespread in the 1970s. The history of business ethics in the United States can be viewed as the intersection of three intertwined strands. Each of these in turn can be divided into at least two related branches. The first strand, which I shall call the ethics-in-business strand, is the long tradition of applying ethical norms to business, just as it has been applied to other areas of social and personal life. This strand can be divided further into the secular and the religious branches. The second strand is the development of an academic field, which has been called business ethics. It also has two main branches, one being the philosophical business-ethics branch, which is normative and critical, and the other the social-scientific branch, which is primarily descriptive and empirical. The third strand is the adoption of ethics or at least the trappings of ethics in businesses. This again subdivides into the integration of ethics into business and business practices on the one hand and the commitment to corporate social responsibility on the other. Business ethics was introduced into Europe and Japan in the 1980s although the term did not translate easily, and the development in each country varied from that in the United States because...
Words: 7549 - Pages: 31
...Prosperous company obtained are to extensive damage at the expense of the interests of society. Worse, the more positive corporate social responsibility, the more people are to blame corporate social problems. Corporate legitimacy in the eyes of the public has fallen to the bottom in recent years. Trust for companies has increasingly weakened, prompting political leaders to develop competitive harm and weaken economic growth policies. Business trapped in a vicious cycle. Commercial and social enterprises must be re-integrated together. Most companies are still stuck in the "corporate social responsibility" mode of thinking, where social issues are marginalized. We lack is an integrity guide framework. Pathway to solve the problem is that the principle of shared value: companies create value for society to deal with social challenges, meet the social needs of the process, thus creating significant economic value. Business must reconnect business success with social progress. Opportunity already exists, but companies ignored. Business have become commercial, not because of its charitable donations, but because the business is to deal with the most pressing issues of social powerful force. It is the time to meet the new concept of capitalism, which means companies must be redefined as creating shared value, not profit itself. This will drive the next wave of innovation and global economic growth (Porter & Kramer, 2011). Learning how to create shared value is the best business opportunity...
Words: 2723 - Pages: 11
...ABSTRACT This paper is intended to provide critical responses to the weaknesses of globalization and corruption in the world that we are currently living based on the mixed economic worldview which is my personal economic worldview which threatens to undermine the stability of economic and political development on both a national and global scale, and which requires both immediate and wide-ranging policy interventions. The recent concern with corruption is attributable, not to any substantive increase in corrupt practices, but rather, to the re-framing of corruption in light of broader shifts and transformations within the global economy. The historical context of globalization covers centuries. This paper reviews the types, forms as well as the consequences of corruption. The paper also reviews the issues associated with globalization and the effect it has on the lives of various individuals. It questions the view that, under certain conditions, corruption may enhance efficiency and argues that though corruption may benefit powerful individuals it will indubitably lead to greater inefficiency and a waste of resources at a macro-economic level. Table of Contents ABSTRACT i INTRODUCTION iii BACKGROUND iv Forms of Corruption vi 1.1 Bribery vi 1.2 Theft and fraud vi 1.3 Embezzlement vi 1.4 Nepotism vi 1.5 Conflict of Interest vi 1.6 Favouritism vii Types of Corruption vii 2.1. Grand corruption vii 2.2 Political corruption vii 2.3 Corporate corruption...
Words: 5314 - Pages: 22
...of both the material and the spiritual dimensions of life which emphasize to maximize the welfare of the world and the world hereafter and can establish fraternity and socio economic justice. This descriptive study will attempt to provide a brief review of conventional marketing literature at the same time it will formulate and develop a definition of Islamic Marketing and its framework based on The Holy Quran, ×adÊth and Islamic Literature. Field of Research: Marketing Keywords: Islam, Falah, Marketing, Hikmah, Need, Mutual Consent, Tayyibat etc. 1. Introduction A proper historical account of ‗Marketing‘ began with early capitalism and sociological theories of the growth of consumerist culture. Although capitalistic society comprises three forms of capitalism—commercial capitalism, financial capitalism, and industrial capitalism the latest one is...
Words: 5411 - Pages: 22
...Summary of Plot Content: Mark Anielski is an Albertan who has previously worked for the Government of Alberta and is now the President and CEO of Anielski Management Inc. Anielski believes that global economies should mainly be focused on the idea of increasing household ‘well being’ and building ‘genuine wealth’. The book states that the Gross Domestic Product (GDP) measure is flawed as it accounts for everything that doesn’t make life worthwhile, such as cash transactions. The main message regarding the ‘The Economics of Happiness’ is that happiness is the aim of life, and virtuous actions create foundations of happiness as well as the path to a content life. As I was reading this book I noticed four main, resonating themes that occurred throughout the plot. Firstly, Anielski studies the makeup of our current economy and its everyday functions. Once the key economic terms, such as genuine wealth, value, competitiveness and capital are defined we can then begin to create a new road map for societies to use measurement index’s based on the notion of ‘wellbeing’ rather than GDP. He goes on to criticizing Adam Smith’s book title ‘The Wealth of Nations’ which failed to accurately define the word ‘wealth’ which, according to the Old Testament, means the ‘conditions of well being’. This essentially means that wealth can no longer be narrowly defined in terms of the money value of material possessions but must also include the many intangible items that contribute to our quality...
Words: 1693 - Pages: 7
...Topic 1. Question 1: Summarize the chief tenets of the scientific management and social person movements. Be sure to identify key players in both movements. (5 page maximum, single spaced.) The scientific management and the social person movement differ noticeably. In its very initial stages, engineers had become vital to the development and installing advances in both technology and power. They were to become a prime source of information about management practices. One strong example would be Henry Towne as it was he whom called for engineers to look beyond the technical side of manufacturing and become involved in the economizing of efforts within the factory itself. The greatest player in the scientific management era being Frederick W. Taylor whom was a central figure in the development of management thought. Taylor gave a push and provided credibility to the idea of management. Taylor and others promoted systematic management with its popularized label of scientific management. It was characterized by advancing technology, market growth, labor unrest, and a lack of knowledge about management, industry in the United States was ripe for methods, systems, and better ways to produce and market products. To meet this need, Taylor provided a voice. Taylor's book 'Shop Management' provided the text for the teaching of industrial management to a growing body of college students who sought positions in industry. Frederick Taylor’s theory focuses...
Words: 13326 - Pages: 54
...The Media and Its Responsibilities Student Name: Institution of affiliation: The Media and Its Responsibilities Introduction Ethics is defined as the study of standards of conduct, moral philosophy or moral judgment. It deals with moral values of human behavior as well as the principles and rules that are applied to govern the behavior. Philosophers, worldwide, have developed various theories meant to explain further the concept of philosophy (Thompson, 1985). These theories include: Utilitarianism, deontology and virtue. They have also come up with other theories that explain the behavior of individuals such as emotivism, relativism, and ethical egoism. In this paper, I will put consideration on one of the above theories in relation to the media and its responsibilities; furthermore I will contrast my response of how to resolve ethical issues with perspective brought by ethical egoism with credible and well argued support of view that is closer to mine. Media is a diversified form of communication intended to reach a large number of the audience through the application of media technologies. There are various technologies available through which the communication is made possible, they include: radio in broadcast media; television and films which transmit information electronically; recorded music; use of newspapers, pamphlets, books and comics to convey information in print media (Thompson, 1985). Other type of media communication include...
Words: 2901 - Pages: 12
...The Moral Compass nd understand moral theory. In fact, you have a moral philosophy – but you may not think of it that way. Every time you have a conversation about what someone “should” or “ought” to do, you doing moral philosophy. Your moral converations may be very personal – whether you should return the five dollars extra change the clerk gave you at the video store – or very broad – whether national security is more important than personal freedom. Whatever your moral conversations are about, it is likely there is a body of literature that would be useful in clarifying your thoughts on the issue. It may be a good idea for you to read a basic textbook on moral philosophy to review or familiarize yourself with the way philosophers have thought about some of the moral issues that almost everyone encounters. It is especially useful to be familiar with the terms and concepts of moral philosophy so you can express your views precisely and intelligently. Some of the major moral theories are briefly summarized in the Primer of Moral Theory that follows. You will find most of them are discussed in more detail in any basic moral philosophy text, although you may find them listed under slightly different titles. As you consider each theory, use the “Where Do I Stand” box to mark your position on it. Include a brief explanation of the reasons for your position. The purpose of this exercise is for you to decide for yourself what moral theories and standpoints make the most sense to...
Words: 16176 - Pages: 65
...Socialism and Capitalism A Theory of Economics, Politics, and Ethics Hans-Hermann Hoppe The Ludwig von Mises Institute’s Studies in Austrian Economics Department of Economics University of Nevada, Las Vegas Kluwer Academic Publishers Boston/Dordrecht/London Distributors for North America: Kluwer Academic Publishers 101 Philip Drive Assinippi Park Norwell, Massachusetts 02061 USA Distributors for the UK and Ireland: Kluwer Academic Publishers Falcon House, Queen Square Lancaster LA1 1RN, UNITED KINGDOM Distributors for all other countries: Kluwer Academic Publishers Group Distribution Centre Post Office Box 322 3300 AH Dordrecht, THE NETHERLANDS Library of Congress Cataloging-in-Publication Data Hoppe, Hans-Hermann. A theory of socialism and capitalism : economics, politics, and ethics / by Hans-Hermann Hoppe. p. cm. Includes index. © 2010 by the Ludwig von Mises Institute and published under the Creative Commons Attribution License 3.0. http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/3.0/ Ludwig von Mises Institute 518 West Magnolia Avenue Auburn, Alabama 36832 mises.org ISBN: 978-1-933550-73-2 Socialism and Capitalism Hans-Hermann Hoppe A Theory of Acknowledgements Three institutions assisted me while I wrote this treatise. As a Heisenberg Scholar I enjoyed the most generous financial support from the German Science Foundation (DFG) from 1982 through 1986. The present study is the most recent work I completed during this period. Additional support came from the...
Words: 92669 - Pages: 371
...Sociological Theories A sociological theory is a set of ideas that provides an explanation for human society. Theories are selective in terms of their priorities and perspectives and the data they define as significant. As a result they provide a particular and partial view of reality. Sociological theories can be grouped together according to a variety of criteria. The most important of these is the distinction between Structural and Social action theories. Structural or macro perspectives analyses the way society as a whole fits together. Structural theory sees society as a system of relationships that creates the structure of the society in which we live. It is this structure that determines our lives and characters. Structured sets of social relationships are the 'reality' that lie below the appearance of 'the free individual' of western individualism. Structuralism focuses on the particular set of 'structural laws' that apply in any one society. Despite their differences, both functionalism and Marxism use a model of how society as a whole works. Many functionalists base their model of society around the assumption of basic needs and go to explain how different parts of society help to meet those needs. Marxists, on the other hand, see society as resting upon an economic base or infrastructure, with a superstructure above it. They see society as divided into social classes which have the potential to be in conflict with each other. However, the main differences...
Words: 9486 - Pages: 38
...THE SOCIAL FORCES BEHIND TRADE UNION FAILURE TO PROTECT WORKERS INTERESTS IN TANZANIA: A specific look at the Tanzania Teachers Union (TTU) Eric Michael Mattaba B.A (Sociology) Dissertation University of Dar es Salaam August 2015 THE SOCIAL FORCES BEHIND TRADE UNION FAILURE TO PROTECT WORKERS INTERESTS IN TANZANIA: A specific look at the Tanzania Teachers Union (TTU) By Eric Michael Mattaba A Dissertation submitted in partial fulfillment of the requirements for the degree of Bachelor of Arts (Sociology) of the University of Dar es Salaam University of Dar es Salaam August 2015 CERTIFICATION The undersigned certify that they have read and hear by recommend for acceptance by the University of Dar es Salaam a dissertation entitled: The social forces behind trade union failure in protecting workers interest in Tanzania: A specific look at the Tanzania Teachers Union (TTU), in fulfillment of the requirements for the degree of Bachelor of Arts (Sociology) of the University of Dar es Salaam Mr. Armstrong Matogwa (Supervisor) DECLARATION AND COPYRIGHT I, Eric Michael Mattaba, hereby declare that this dissertation is my own original work and that it has not been presented and will not be presented to any other University for a similar or any other degree award. Signature………………………………….. This dissertation is a copyright material protected under the Berne Convention, the copyright Act 1999 and other international and national enactments in that behalf, on intellectual property...
Words: 14263 - Pages: 58
...society with reference to globalization and cosmopolitarianism Ulrich Beck’s thesis on ‘risk society’ has created a foundation for many sociological debates on the social theory of late modern society and its endemic production of potential risk. Beck’s thesis speaks about the condition of modern times which has been acknowledged by many writers to provide theoretical and rigorous critique of late modern society degradation, his idea speaks to both social theorists and environmentalists and at once echoes an explanation to help explain the growing ecological awareness and concern. Unlike previous social theorist in the likes of Durkheim, and Marx- those who attempted to understand the broader forces of society by examining the different junctures for its collapse, political capture, economic recessions and radical transformations, Becks is most fascinated by the success of modernity and how the changes has transformed all mannerism of human thinking, from the ways we communicate, to our social activities. Therefore to understand Beck’s thesis is to understand the nature of industrial modernity and its mysteries over nature. According to Beck, modernity is a world that introduces global risk which previous generations have not had to face. Placing the answer to the fact that modern societies have failed to control the risk they have created e.g ecological crises, global warming, health issues. (AIDS). In addition, Becks also distinguishes between the risk of pre-industrial...
Words: 2508 - Pages: 11
