...Finding Love in the Wreckage: Estimating Spousal Altruism with Data on Fatal Car Accidents Ilya Beylin, Anup Malani, and David Abrams1 Abstract. This paper estimates the degree of altruism among spouses by examining how often the driver of a car sacrifices himself or herself in order to save a spouse. Holding constant the magnitude of a collision, a driver can maneuver the car to distribute the risk from a collision between the driver and a passenger. We quantify spousal altruism by the degree to which drivers riding with their spouse redistribute the risk from a fatal accident to themselves – as measured by ex post mortality – as compared to drivers not traveling with their spouse. We find that drivers with their spouses are at least 37% more likely to sacrifice themselves. This implies that they value the lives of their spouses at least 37% more than the lives of other individuals. A driver’s position in a car provides him with exclusive control over the pedals and steering wheel. At the time of an impending accident, this control enables him to adjust the total amount of risk facing the car’s occupants and how that risk is distributed. In other words, his maneuvers will have allocative and distributive effects on the occupants’ risk. The driver’s distributive choices reveal his relative preferences for himself over his passengers. The manifestation of injuries amongst the occupants allows observation of those relative preferences. A theory of spousal altruism – indeed any...
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...Decision Making Professor Martin Sivula, Ph.D. November 12th 2013 Contact: bks523@wildcats.jwu.edu Abstract The study was designed to define the fact of automobile insurance companies' higher prices of their policies for young drivers. Automobile insurance policies come in a board range of prices depending on the drivers’ status, experience, car condition, and so on. The majority of car insurance companies have various discount options depends on vehicle equipment, driving history and habits, driver's education and affiliation for their policy holders, yet young drivers who aged 24 and less pay approximately double price of other aged drivers because insurance companies recognize young drivers as high risky drivers. This study will qualitatively and quantitatively examine the level of risky driving behavior by aged groups with 400 samples. Then, the research will define the relationship between risky driving behavior and young drivers aged 24 and under. Additionally, the study assume that there is relationship between risky driving behavior and drivers experience. Keywords: young driver, insurance, risky driver, novice driver, car crash, expensive I. Statement of the problem In 2011, there are approximately 211.87 million licensed drivers in the U.S. and its rate is 84.6 percent of total U.S. population. In the same year, 253.10 million automobiles were registered in the U.S.(United States Department of Transportation, 2013). This is a huge...
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...Tesla Crash Two high school students died in a tragic Tesla vehicle accident in Fort Lauderdale, Florida. The driver, Barrett Riley, and passengers, Edgar Monserratt and Alexander Berry were seniors at Pine Crest School, weeks away from graduation. The boys were traveling Tuesday night in a Tesla Model S in an area known as “dead man’s curve” when the vehicle hit a wall and caught fire. Passenger Alexander Berry survived, he was thrown out the car and rushed to the hospital. Unfortunately Barrett Riley and Edgar Monserratt died while trapped inside the burning vehicle. The reason for why the vehicle lost control is currently under review but the autopilot and speed are possibilities. High school seniors involved in a fatal collision that lead them to their death and serious injuries in south Florida where it currently under investigation by NTSB....
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...Page |1 Traffic Risk Analysis of Tamil Nadu district Using RADM System and Index Creation for safety estimate Submitted by Namit Jain (2011CE10371) A report of CED 412 - Project Part II submitted in partial fulfillment of the requirements of the degree of Bachelor of Technology Department of Civil Engineering Indian Institute of Technology Delhi May, 2015 Page |2 Declaration “I do certify that this report explains the work carried out by me in the Course CED 412 Project Part II under the overall supervision of Dr. Geetam Tiwari and Dr. Dinesh Mohan. The contents of the report including text, figures, tables, computer programs, etc. have not been reproduced from other sources such as books, journals, reports, manuals, websites, etc. Wherever limited reproduction from another source had been made, the source had been duly acknowledged at that point and also listed in the References.” Namit Jain 2011CE10371 Page |3 Certificate “This is to certify that the report submitted by Namit Jain describes the work carried out by him in the Course CED 412 - Project Part II under my/our overall supervision.” Dr. Geetam Tiwari Professor Department of Civil Engineering Indian Institute of Technology New Delhi – 110016 May 2015 Dr. Dinesh Mohan Professor Department of Civil Engineering Indian Institute of Technology New Delhi – 110016 May 2015 Page |4 Acknowledgement I take this opportunity to express my profound gratitude and...
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...Sample Tests & Material to help prepare for the Texas Drivers License Test This document was compiled by Adriana Diesen for her personal use and later adopted by Shell Outpost Houston. It contains the essentials of the Texas Drivers License Handbook and includes various sample tests. In the written test Adriana scored 190 of 200 points just by reading this material. We at Outpost Houston believe the document would be of good use for those of you who need to prepare for the Texas driving test e.g. all incoming expatriates. This document was produced in August 2004. If you find a mistake or have your doubts about a certain sample question, please contact Adriana at adriana.diesen@sbcglobal.net Neither Adriana Diesen nor Outpost Houston can accept any liability for damages directly or indirectly resulting from the services rendered or information given. The handbook should still be your primary source of research and study for the drivers license test. This document was last updated in March 2007. 1 How to use this guide Read through the Fact Sheets Take Sample Rules Test One Take Sample Road Signs Test One Mark you test Repeat with Test Two (if necessary) Pages 2-4 are the basic facts. Using the DPS handbook as a guide, we have attempted to condense the information into a more user friendly format. Pages 5 – 12 are sample tests. The Texas Driving License Test consists of two written parts, a road rules test and a road signs test. To help you prepare...
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...The Value of Independent Directors: Evidence from Sudden Deaths* Bang Dang Nguyen Chinese University of Hong Kong nguyendang@cuhk.edu.hk Kasper Meisner Nielsen Chinese University of Hong Kong and CEBR nielsen@cuhk.edu.hk NOVEMBER 12, 2008 PRELIMINARY DRAFT – DO NOT QUOTE Abstract We investigate the contributions of independent directors to shareholder value by examining the stock price reaction to an exogenous event: sudden deaths of directors. Compiling an extensive database of sudden deaths of directors in the U.S. from 1994 to 2007, we find that following the death of an independent director, the firm’s stock price drops by almost 1% on average. For our control sample of inside and gray directors, we find no significant reaction to such events. The difference in abnormal returns following the sudden deaths of independent, gray and inside directors is statistically and economically significant given our sample’s average market capitalization of 5.3 billion dollars. Consistent with the view that independence is valuable, we find that stock prices react less negatively when the independent director is older, appointed to the board during the tenure of the current CEO, or when he has long board tenure. Our results hold when controlling for director-invariant heterogeneity (e.g. ability, experience, and skills) using a fixed-effect approach. Overall, our results demonstrate that independent directors provide a valuable service to shareholders. Keywords: Independent...
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...Jakobsson Henrik Lind Magdalena Lindman Volvo Car Corporation Sweden Paper Number 07-0450 ABSTRACT Automotive safety has gained an increasing amount of interest from the general public, governments, and the car industry. This is more than justified by traffic accident statistics, as each year around 1.2 million people die due to road traffic accidents. For these reasons safety remains a core value of Volvo Cars. This paper presents some of the latest active safety developments within Volvo Cars. Rear-end collisions are common accident scenarios and a common cause of these accidents is driver distraction and thus not reacting in time. No vehicle system is a substitute for the most important safety feature in any vehicle: the driver. However, Volvo is harnessing innovative technologies to help alert drivers to avoid potential collisions and reduce the potential impact speed when a collision cannot be avoided. One of those systems is Collision Warning with Auto Brake where the area in front of the vehicle is continuously monitored with the help of a longrange radar and a forward-sensing wide-angle camera fitted in front of the interior rear-view mirror. A warning and brake support will be provided for collisions with other vehicles, both moving and stationary. Additionally, if the driver does not intervene in spite of the warning and the possible collision is judged to be unavoidable; intervention braking is automatically applied to slow down the car. This aims at reducing impact speeds and...
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...Road Speed Limits Professor: Kanyo 08/03/2011 Mid-Michigan Community College Abstract Most of nations have their own road speed limits. This is also an argumentative problem in the modern society. A number of people think that it is necessary to use speed limits to protect people because they believe that lower speed limit can decrease fatalities, injuries and property damage. Others believe that we need to change this policy because it cannot correspond with the development of car quality. According to the data from many car manufactures, the technology of vehicles has changed a lot. I think we do not need to maintain the old standard. We should make new policy to accommodate new technology and new society. Lower speed do not means safer and not fast speed means dangers. I am the one who wish government can change this policy because I think that changing the speed limit cannot only save our time but also boost our economy. Road Speed Limits Most of countries have their own speed limit; it is used to regulate the speed of road vehicles. Speed limits may define maximum, minimum or no speed limit and are normally indicated using a traffic sign. Speed limits are commonly set by the legislative bodies of nations or provincial governments and enforced by national or regional police or judicial bodies. The first speed limit legislation was created in the United Kingdom with the Locomotive Acts. Drives are required to control at a safe speed for...
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...Festus M Epetimehin PhD Joseph Ayo Babalola University, Ikeji- Arakeji fessy51@yahoo.co.uk, fmepetimehin@jabu.edu.ng Abstract This study examines risk exposures among Road Transport Worker and their methods of mitigation. A simple random sampling technique was used to select respondents from Lagos State. Nigeria. In order to determine how different types of risk exposures contribute to number of accidents on the roads, Cramer’s V was used to analyze and test the formulated hypotheses at 0.05 significant levels. The result of the findings revealed that age, driving experience, treatment seeking behavior and speed limit have significant relationship with drivers’ risk exposures. The study also reveals that younger drivers are more exposed to accident than older drivers and the treatment seeking behavior used by the Road Transport workers exposed them as well as their families to financial danger. In line with these findings, it was recommended that Road Transport Workers, RTW should use a formalized means to mitigate their losses. Keywords: Risk, Vulnerability, Mitigation, Risk exposure, Accident, Insurance 1.0 Introduction Risk is an integral part of mankind. It is a permanent and important part of life. Everyone is exposed to various kind of risk including their properties. The willingness on the part of insurance industry to underwrite these kinds of risks the society is exposed to is crucial to achieving sustainable development. It is obvious that the higher the level of development...
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...The Psychology of Road Rage: A discussion of psychological explanations of road rage and policy implications. Name: Graeme Standing Candidate #: 002351 015 Subject: Psychology – Extended Essay Word Count : 3993 School: Collège du Léman Date: February 2007© Graeme Standing (graemestanding@hotmail.com) Contents Introduction ............................................................................................................................................1 Is Road Rage Just a Media Invention?..................................................................................................... 1 What is Road Rage? ................................................................................................................................2 Stress and Anger .....................................................................................................................................2 Are Some People More Susceptible to Road Rage? ............................................................................... 3 Gender Stereotypes................................................................................................................................4 Intermittent Explosive Disorder.............................................................................................................. 5 Driving Pathology....................................................................................................................................6 Solutions...
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...LAB REPORT BLOODSTAIN ANALYSIS (http://www.crimescene-forensics.com/images/Blood_Spatter_001B.gif) COURSE: CHM 1107: Introduction to Forensic Science - Professor Ira S. Krull DATE: 10.27.11 INTRODUCTION Blood is a biological fluid found in animals that delivers necessary nutrients and oxygen throughout the body and carries away metabolic waste products. The average adult has a blood volume of roughly 5 liters, comprising of plasma, blood cells and platelets, and it is usually red in color, though not always. The most abundant cells in vertebrate blood are red blood cells, constituting about 45% of whole blood. These cells contain hemoglobin, an iron-containing protein, which distributes oxygen throughout the human body. Blood is circulated around the body through blood vessels by the pumping action of the heart. In humans, blood is pumped from the strong left ventricle of the heart through arteries to peripheral tissues and returns to the right atrium of the heart through the superior vena cava (see Fig 1). It then enters the right ventricle and is pumped through the pulmonary artery to the lungs and returns to the left atrium through the pulmonary veins. Blood then enters the left ventricle to be circulated again. (Fig 1: http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/e5/Diagram_of_the_human_heart_%28cropped%29.svg/220px-Diagram_of_the_human_heart_%28cropped%29.svg.png) Blood is a type of evidence found most often at violent crime scenes and...
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...Embry-Riddle Aeronautical University ERAU Scholarly Commons Economics, Finance, & Information Systems Daytona Beach 2014 College of Business The Effect on Stockholder Wealth of Product Recalls and Government Action: The Case of Toyota's Accelerator Pedal Recall Jayendra Gokhale Embry-Riddle Aeronautical University - Daytona Beach, gokhalej@erau.edu Raymond M. Brooks Oregon State University Victor J. Tremblay Oregon State University Follow this and additional works at: http://commons.erau.edu/db-accounting Part of the Business Administration, Management, and Operations Commons, Finance Commons, and the Management Information Systems Commons Scholarly Commons Citation Gokhale, J., Brooks, R. M., & Tremblay, V. J. (2014). The Effect on Stockholder Wealth of Product Recalls and Government Action: The Case of Toyota's Accelerator Pedal Recall. The Quarterly Review of Economics and Finance, 54(4). http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/ j.qref.2014.06.004 This is the submitted author’s version that was accepted for publication in The Quarterly Review of Economics and Finance. Changes resulting from the publishing process, such as peer review, editing, corrections, and formatting are not reflected in this document. Changes may have been made to this work since it was submitted for publication. The published version is available at http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.qref.2014.06.004. This Article is brought to you for free and open access by the College of Business at ERAU Scholarly...
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...Burning Down the House: A Case Study in Forensic Instrumental Analysis by Adam M. Boyd and Randolph K. Larsen III Chemistry and Biochemistry St. Mary’s College of Maryland As Dr. Marie Stanforth steered her cumbersome suv into an unoccupied space at the scene of the latest fire in upstate Michigan, she instantly recognized the address. It was the current residence of her ex-husband. Yet, with the same calm and collected demeanor with which she approached every crime scene she ever visited, Dr. Stanforth confidently opened the door of her car and walked purposefully towards the extinguished blaze. Her boots crunched through a thin layer of snow as she trudged toward the scene. The record cold—the coldest morning to date that winter—gave rise to a light snow slowly blanketing the entire state for the first time that year. Marie marveled at how snow seemed to cover everything in a forgiving white veil. “Poor jerk,” she thought to herself as she approached the smoldering blaze with her hands tucked in the pockets of her heaviest parka. “I wonder where he’s going to live now.” Before she reached the scene, however, she was met by her partner, Adley. “So what happened?” she dryly asked Adley as she tried to maneuver closer to the extinguished blaze. “There was a fire,” Adley recounted. “There was a real bad fire.” “Thanks for the update, partner,” Marie laughed as she put her hand on Adley’s shoulder. “Let’s have a look,” she added as she tried to push her way past Adley’s outstretched...
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...market (with the number of units sold in 2000) are as follows: 22 [pic] In 1997, most auto manufacturers expanded their SUV offerings and entered the luxury SUV market. These SUVs, with prices around $50,000, featured in-vehicle televisions and VCRs, leather interiors, and all the amenities of luxury cars. The new market entrants are listed below: [pic] By 2000, the U.S. segment of the luxury SUV market was 80.5 percent.23 At that time, SUV purchases constituted one of every five auto sales in the United States and were the highest-margin products in all the automakers' lineups .24 Profits per SUV averaged $ 10,000 per unit. Profits on the Ford Excursion were at the top of the field at $18,000 per unit. At that time, SUVs comprised 20 percent of all of Ford's vehicle sales and accounted for the majority of Ford's profits.25 By the summer of 2001, there were some indications of a slowdown in the SUV market. Many attributed the decrease in sales to the price of gasoline and its escalation. However, vehicles that are crossover SUVs, part-auto and part-truck, appeared to be enjoying an increase in sales by mid-2001 .26 In 2002, there were 750 million cars and trucks on the road around the world; 4...
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.... . . . . . . . . . EB Jacobs, LLC 300 South Burrowes Street State College, PA 16801 EB Jacobs Law Enforcement Aptitude Battery Assessment Preparation Guide for the 2013 New York State Trooper Entrance Examination Terms and Conditions This Assessment Preparation Guide is the copyrighted work of EB Jacobs, LLC. This guide contains information that is legally protected, confidential, and intended ONLY for REGISTERED APPLICANTS who are preparing to take the 2013 New York State Trooper Entrance Examination. Except as specifically permitted, no portion of this guide may be distributed or reproduced by any means or in any form, without EB Jacobs' prior written permission. As a registered applicant you are being provided with a single copy of this guide to be used for your personal use to prepare for the 2013 New York State Trooper Entrance Examination. You are expressly prohibited from distributing copies of this guide. This guide may not be modified in any way. By accepting this guide, you agree to these conditions. Only registered applicants for the 2013 New York State Trooper Entrance Examination have permission to use this guide. Unauthorized reproduction of this guide by any other individuals is strictly prohibited. EB Jacobs reserves the right to seek all remedies available by law for any violation of these terms and conditions. All rights not expressly granted herein are reserved. Copyright © 1998 – 2013 by EB Jacobs, LLC. All rights to the information contained herein...
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