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REVIEW OF BASIC MATHEMATICAL RULES
Rules for Signed Numbers
Addition Rules: positive + positive = (add) positive

Ex: 2 + 1 = 3

negative + negative = (add) negative

Ex: –3+ (–5) = –8

negative + positive = (subtract) and take sign of number with largest absolute value

Ex: 2 + (–10) = –8
Ex: –14 + 16 = 2

------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------Remember: –(–7) means take the opposite of (–7) = 7
----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------Subtraction Rules: Change all “subtraction” to addition and take the opposite sign of the following number then follow the addition rules.
Ex: –7 – (9) means

Ex: –3 – (–10) means

–7 + (–9) = -16
Ex: –8 + (–9) – (–1) – 2
–8 + (–9) + (1) + (–2)
–17

–3 + (10) = 7
-change all subtraction signs as indicated above
-do addition and subtraction from left to right

+ (1) + (–2)
–16

+ (–2) = –18

Multiplication/Division Rules: The rules for multiplication and division are the same. positive ( or ) positive = positive
Ex: 10  2 = 5 negative ( or ) negative = positive

Ex: –4  (–3) = 12

negative ( or ) positive = negative

Ex: 18 (–2) –9

Order of Operations:
Parenthesis;
Exponents;
Multiplication or Division from left to right;
Addition or Subtraction from left to right

P.E.M.D.A.S.
Ex:

-7 + 20 ÷ (-4)(5)- 3 2 - (-8) + 4(3 – 7)
2

1. Parenthesis

-7 + 20 ÷ (-4)(5) - 3 - (-8) + 4(-4)

2. Exponents

-7 + 20 ÷ (-4)(5) - 9 - (-8) + 4

3. Division

-7 +

4. Multiplication

-7 +

(-5) (5) - 9 - (-8) + 4
(-25)

- 9 - (-8) + 4

5. Addition

-32

- 9 - (-8) + 4

6. Change subtraction signs

-32

+ (-9) + (8) + 4
-41

+ 8 +4
-33

+ 4 = -29

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