...Question 2 Map scale is the relationship between the distance on a map and the distance in reality. Map scales can be represented as a scale ratio, a word statement or a graphic line scale. Example of a scale ratio would be 1:2500 and the word statement would be 1 cm on the map equals 25m on the ground, while a line scale is a line on the map representing distance in reality which can be measured to determine the scale. A large representational scale would be a large fraction like 1:2500, while a small scale would be a smaller fraction like 1:1000000. The larger the scale the closer to reality is...
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...and strategies using the financial metrics led to poor decision making while the online banking needed a well-planned long term goal as it was one of the driving factor of the business in the coming years. Also, because of the rapidly changing technological trends on a daily basis in the internet media, the OFS had to be upstream in their approach to keep with the latest technologies. This involved new competitive threats and meeting the customer demands became a challenge due to the varied customer base in the online banking business. This also involved keeping a track of the performance of bank itself and monitor the efforts of each department within the bank along with improving the user friendliness of the website. 2. Based on the case, create a summary of the major steps that can be used for mapping strategy (Objectives), measures, and processes? The objectives and measures were based on three...
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...and Red Crescent Societies, the United Nations, various nongovernmental organizations (NGOs) and government agencies themselves. As the limiting factor in disaster response is often the coping capacity of those affected, improving their resilience when responding to disasters is a key approach to lessening the consequence of a disaster. A vulnerability map gives the precise location of sites where people, the natural environment or property are at risk due to a potentially catastrophic event that could result in death, injury, pollution or other destruction. Such maps are made in conjunction with information about different types of risks. A vulnerability map can show the housing areas that are vulnerable to a chemical spill at a nearly factory. But it just as likely, could delineate the commercial, tourist, and residential zones that would be damaged in case of a 100-year flood or, more devastation, a tsunami. Vulnerability maps are most often created with the assistance of computer technology called geographic information systems (GIS) and digital land survey equipment designed for use in the field. However, vulnerability maps can also be created...
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...MapX Developer’s Guide MapInfo Corporation Troy, NY 2 MapX Developer’s Guide Information in this document is subject to change without notice and does not represent a commitment on the part of the vendor or its representatives. No part of this document may be reproduced or transmitted in any form or by any means, electronic or mechanical, including photocopying without the written permission of MapInfo Corporation, One Global View, Troy, New York 12180–8399. ©1992–1999 MapInfo Corporation. ALL RIGHTS RESERVED. MapInfo Help ©1992–1999 MapInfo Corporation. ALL RIGHTS RESERVED. MapInfo, MapInfo Professional, MapBasic, MapXtreme and the MapInfo Logo are registered trademarks of MapInfo Corporation. Contact MapInfo Corporation on the Internet at: http://www.mapinfo.com MapInfo Corporate Headquarters: Voice: (518) 285–6000 Fax: (518) 285–6060 Sales Info Hotline: (800) 327–8627 Federal Sales: (800) 619–2333 Technical Support Hotline: (518) 285–7283 Technical Support Fax: (518) 285–6080 MapInfo Europe Headquarters: England voice: +44 (0)1753 848 229 fax: +44 (0)1753 621 140 Germany voice: +49 6196 6700 0 fax: +49 6196 6700 11 For international customers, please use the Technical Support Fax number. WARNING: This software uses patented LZW technology for .GIF image compression and/or decompression. (Unisys United States patent No. 4,558,302 and corresponding patents in Canada, France, Germany, Italy, Japan and the United Kingdom). GIF images compressed...
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...MapReduce: Simplified Data Processing on Large Clusters Jeffrey Dean and Sanjay Ghemawat jeff@google.com, sanjay@google.com Google, Inc. Abstract MapReduce is a programming model and an associated implementation for processing and generating large data sets. Users specify a map function that processes a key/value pair to generate a set of intermediate key/value pairs, and a reduce function that merges all intermediate values associated with the same intermediate key. Many real world tasks are expressible in this model, as shown in the paper. Programs written in this functional style are automatically parallelized and executed on a large cluster of commodity machines. The run-time system takes care of the details of partitioning the input data, scheduling the program’s execution across a set of machines, handling machine failures, and managing the required inter-machine communication. This allows programmers without any experience with parallel and distributed systems to easily utilize the resources of a large distributed system. Our implementation of MapReduce runs on a large cluster of commodity machines and is highly scalable: a typical MapReduce computation processes many terabytes of data on thousands of machines. Programmers find the system easy to use: hundreds of MapReduce programs have been implemented and upwards of one thousand MapReduce jobs are executed on Google’s clusters every day. 1 Introduction Over the past five years, the authors and many others at...
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...that function well, as well as areas that we investigated and had concerns about. There is a level of reasonableness that goes into safety but accidents are not planned and in an emergency situation they are the risk of one is higher. An example of a emergency could be a fire, earthquake, power outage, flood, or threat. The purpose of addressing these concerns is to help prevent unnecessary accidents for staff and student. The building our team looked at was the Library and upper study hall by the library. Building Features The buildings were built to a certain level of safety and it is important to address the positives that already exist. * Sprinklers cover all area of floor space so fires would struggle to spread * Building maps located throughout the school that highlight exits and fire extinguishers * Easily spotted and accessible fire extinguishers * Stairs have added tread to avoid slipping for normal walking or emergency evacuation * Light fixtures have protective cover, so glass will never fall from ceiling Safety Oversights The following include safety concerns that arose concern when considering what could happen in an emergency situation when accidents happen. * When the building was first designed all the chair in the upper study by the library were bolted down away from the railing but over time more chairs have been added and those chairs are the same level as the railing. It is a full story fall down from that level and currently...
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...community strengths and resources are inventoried and depicted in a map, you can more easily think about how to build on these assets to address community needs and improve health. Finally, asset mapping promotes community involvement, ownership, and empowerment. What is a community asset? A community asset or resource is anything that improves the quality of community life. Assets include: • The capacities and abilities of community members. • A physical structure or place. For example, a school, hospital, or church. Maybe a library, recreation center, or social club. • A business that provides jobs and supports the local economy. • Associations of citizens. For example, a Neighborhood Watch or a Parent Teacher Association. • Local private, public, and nonprofit institutions or organizations. When to use Asset Mapping •You want to start a new local program and need information about available resources. For example, you are interested in teen mothers finishing their education. You could draw a community asset map that identifies school drop-out prevention, tutoring, and education counseling programs for young teen mothers. This helps you see what already exists, or if support services are lacking. You may find it is necessary to develop a program to help young mothers finish their education. You are making program decisions. An asset map can help you identify community assets and concerns. The map results help determine new directions for your program or identify...
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...Picturing the Subsurface With GIS: Data Visualization Techniques for Geophysical Images Using ArcGIS By Lucas Donny Setijadji Geoscientists try to understand the earth's crust using geophysical methods such as gravity and magnetic surveys. Mining geologists also use geophysics to search new mineral deposits. In areas such as the Nevada Great Basin, geoscientists rely more on geophysical images than on geologic maps. The Great Basin area holds one of the biggest mineral concentrations in the world. Economically, gold is the most prominent commodity. The most important gold deposits are hosted by carbonate rocks, called the Carlin-type and Carlin-like gold deposits. Carlin-type and Carlin-like gold deposits are unique geologically, are abundant in Nevada, and are hardly found elsewhere. Although much research has been done, a lot of the geology is still unclear. This paper discusses how ArcGIS provides a tool for research on mineral resources. Emphasis is on the functionality of ArcGIS to handle multiple data sets and maps as well as data visualization techniques using ArcGIS. Great Basin Geology Figure 1 shows the distribution of known gold deposits combined with topography, young geologic rocks, and county lines. Data sets were downloaded and compiled from several United States Geological Survey (USGS) Web sites (e.g., Raines et al., 1996). Data processing was done using ArcGIS 8.3 and its 3D Analyst extension. The Great Basin is complicated by its physiography...
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...IMAGE OF THE CITY KEVIN LYNCH Lynch influenced the field of city planning through his work on the theory of city form, and studies relating to human perceptions of the city y y , g p p y on the perception of the city environment and its consequences for city design. Lynch says "Looking at cities can give a special pleasure, however y y g g p p , commonplace the sight may be. Like a piece of architecture, the city is a construction in space, but of a vast scale, . . . perceived only in the course of long spans of time . . . At every instant, there is more than the eye can see, more than the ear can hear, a setting or view waiting to be explored. , , g g p Nothing is experienced by itself, but always in relation to its surroundings, the sequences of events leading up to it, the memory of past experiences . . . Every citizen has had long associations with some part of his city, and his image is soaked in memories and meanings . . . “ g g Theory of Kevin L h K i Lynch IMAGE OF THE CITY KEVIN LYNCH Image of the city 1. 2. 3. 4. 5. The Image of the Environment Three cities The city Image and Its elements City Form A new Scale Book contents Appendices 1. 1 Some references to orientation 2. The Use of the methodology 3. Two examples of analysis IMAGE OF THE CITY KEVIN LYNCH Methodology of working: Make visual plan Analyze the existing form and public image of the area. Understand the critical problems, opportunities and image elements and use them...
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...the next step can begin. All steps need to complete before the lab can be imported into CAREWare. It is a good idea to do a manual backup before doing any mappings. CAREWare’s internal timer will process HL7 records every five minutes, but the Process Queued Records button tells CAREWare to process the records instantly. Unless the user wants to wait five minutes for CAREWare to process records automatically, he or she should press the Process Queued Records button between the steps to ensure that the records are processed. This button only affects records that have been parsed already. The following are the basic steps for lab import. 1. Code Activation 2. Map Provider 3. Map Client 4. Client Not Found (For clients not found or does not meet threshold) 5. Map Test 6. Map Result (For qualitative results) 7. Complete Code Activation After Hypersend and/or the CAREWareQuestHubService are installed correctly, the application will download an HL7-formatted file to the incoming HL7 files folder. Its default location is “C:\Program Files\CAREWare\RW CAREWare Business Tier\incomingHL7Files”. CAREWare has an internal timing mechanism that will check every five minutes to see if there are any files in that folder. When CAREWare finds file(s) in that folder, it tries to parse the file(s). The first thing it checks is whether or not the provider is activated for the...
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...Geographic Information Systems are also used to help in preventing and fighting crime. Crime mapping became an investigative tool for mapping and analyzing crime patterns he introduction of the mainframe computer in the 1970s allowed large amounts of data to be processed and software to be developed that visually represented maps and the location of criminal activity. However, high costs and limited access to mainframe computers made crime mapping a somewhat restricted and specialized practice until personal computers became widespread and affordable. In the 1990s, the popularity of the personal computer — allied with the commercial development of mapping and analysis software — caused crime mapping to become...
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...Physical Geography Chapter 1: The Discipline of Geography Principles of Geography Geography is the study of the distributions and interrelationships of earth phenomena. Geography is different from other disciplines in that it doesn't have a particular "thing" it studies. Botanists study plants, while geologists are interested in rocks. Geography is defined by its approach or methodology. Geographers describe their discipline as a spatial science. By "space" we aren't talking about celestial space. Geographers are concerned with answering questions about how and why phenomena vary across the surface of the Earth. For instance, geographers investigate patterns of vegetation as they relate to distributions of climate, soils, and topography. Geographers recognize the dynamic nature of Earth's physical systems. The physical geography of Earth changes in response to variations in weather and climate, the shifting of continents, and and the sculpting of coastlines by wave action. By recognizing the Earth system is dynamic, geographers take time into consideration when looking at the spatial patterns of Earth phenomena. Therefore, geographers are playing important roles in understanding the effects of climate change on earth systems. The role of geographers in assessing patterns of environmental change is a theme that reoccurs throughout this book. Figure 1.1 Folded Appalachian Mountains Linear folds of the Appalachian Mountains can be easily seen in this satellite image. (Source: NASA/GSFC/JPL...
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...In computing, mmap is a POSIX-compliant Unix system call that maps files or devices into memory. It is a method of memory-mapped file I/O. It naturally implements demand paging, because initially file contents are not entirely read from disk and do not use physical RAM at all. The actual reads from disk are performed in "lazy" manner, after a specific location is accessed. In Linux, Mac OS X and the BSDs, mmap can create several types of mappings. Anonymous mappings are mappings of that area of the process's virtual memory backed by the swap space instead of by a file in the file system name space. In this respect an anonymous mapping is similar to malloc, and is used in some malloc implementations for certain allocations. However, anonymous mappings are not part of the POSIX standard, though implemented by almost all systems. File-backed mappings are mappings of virtual memory to files. Access to those areas of memory causes the file to be read. If the mapping is shared, writes to that area in one process will affect other processes with that area mapped and the underlying file; otherwise, if the mapping is private, the changes will not be seen by other processes nor written to the file. A process reading from or writing to the underlying file will not always see the same data as a process that has mapped the file, since the segment of the file is copied into RAM and periodically flushed to disk. Synchronization can be forced with the msync system call. mmaping...
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...ARCHITECTURAL DESIGN 6 Design Plate number 3 “ PHILIPPINE/NATIONAL TRANSPORTATION MUSEUM” THE PROBLEM: THE Philippine Government thru the Ministry of transportation in cooperation with several civic organizations has proposed to construct Land Transportation Museum (Phase-1) to preserve and save all different types of land transportation in existence and value to show and document our heritage thru the evolution of land transportation in the Philippines. THE PURPOSE: There are a lot of cars and other vehicles of value and a few have already been restored by some club members of the Vintage Car Club of the Philippines Such as the V-16 Cadillac Limousine of Gen. Douglas MacArthur, the Packard Limousine of president Jose P. Laurel Sr. and lately the Chrysler Zypher, bullet proof car of president Manuel L. Quezon. These cars, all part of our transportation history, are kept in different place in our country. These priceless cars need a permanent home, where it can be shown to public at the same time, be a tourist attraction which would contribute immensely to the Tourist industry. THE SITE: The site shown in the last two pages is located at the Manila-Cavite coastal road, very close to the site of the sport complex and almost in front of the Asian Development Bank Building. The lot has an area of approximately 30,000 SM. The proposed area has a relatively flat terrain which slopes towards the 30,00 M. wide Estero which is adjacent to the Manila Bay. THE REQUIRED DRAWINGS: ...
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...centralized database pertaining only to the city and county of San Diego. What this does, is contractors, landscapers, and essentially anyone else who is inquiring about data regarding environmental or geographic information, can pay to access the system. For instance, by cooperating with other local agencies, SanGIS can uphold the integrity of geographic information with accuracy and precision for any party that is interested in statistical information, data extractions, data sharing, etc. For an example query of the application, someone could inquire on where the closest fire stations, schools, public libraries, police stations, etc. are, using an interactive map. There are multiple filters to the interactive map; a base map that shows roads, county lines, parcels, and city lines. A second filter to the interactive map is called a dynamic filter. The dynamic filter can be turned on and off by the user and has three categories; districts, ecology, and places. It also includes data such as vegetation and public service stations. The primary use would be if a company wanted to build a new building in a vacant lot, they would use SanGIS to figure out where the lot is in correlation to exact city, districts for emergency services, county lines for legislative purposes, as well as coordinates...
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