...Nick Dolinsky Case Study 2.1 The actions of the prospective students who “hacked” into application software in hopes to view their acceptance status early does not provide enough evidence and reasoning to deem those individuals immorally inadequate to attend that selective college. First of all, the intentions of the applicants who hacked into their results was not done with immoral intent. Next, the actions taken by the universities after receiving knowledge of the hacking was inappropriate and can be regarded as excessive and unfair to the students. Finally, the universities could have done a better job determining the moral and ethical integrity of the condemned students. I do agree that a student’s choice to hack into the system to discover the status of the pending application cannot be looked at as a positive moral action. However, I am not convinced that a university can cast proper judgment on applicants morals based solely on this event. First of all, the situation the students presented themselves with was non-consequential, and other factors should be considered before the action can be morally assessed. Students responded that they were not thinking about the possible consequences of their actions due to the fact that they viewed this act not a major offense, if an offense at all. This act was committed in curiosity and not with intent to harm anyone or provide themselves with an unfair advantage over their peers. I personally am in accordance with these...
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...The Panama Papers James Kerrigan General Studies/Rader School of Business Milwaukee School of Engineering Author Note James Kerrigan, General Studies/Rader School of Business, Milwaukee School of Engineering Prepared for HU 432 007 Ethics for Managers & Engineers Professor Paul Hudec and submitted 5/4/2016 Correspondence regarding this article should be directed to: E-mail: kerriganjp@msoe.edu Abstract In this paper, the topic being analyzed is the Panama Papers. The Panama Papers are being described as the biggest collection of documents ever to be leaked. This paper will discover, present, and judge the facts of what had happened and then through the Ethical Methodology, it will come to a conclusion on whether or not what happened was ethically just or ethically wrong in doing so. Table of Contents Abstract 2 Introduction 4 What is the Case? 4 Utilitarian View 5 Deontological View 6 Virtues View 6 Conclusion 7 References: 8 Introduction It all began more than a year ago, when someone contacted a German investigative newspaper called the Süddeutsche Zeitung, offering a mountain of data from a Panamanian firm called Mossack Fonseca that is alleged to specialize in helping the wealthy, the powerful and the shady hide their money. Mossack Fonseca is world’s fourth biggest provider of offshore services which means it effects a lot of the world’s wealthiest people. (Figure 1.) The...
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...Ethics in Information Technology Dustin Hughson Kaplan University Introduction Ethical theories date back to the times of Socrates and Aristotle, the problem with ethical and moral theories is that information technology was not even a possibility when first developed. Lines can be crossed and personal ambiguity can help people act bolder then he/she may normally want too. Ethical theories are being used more and more to help the professional and computing world handle the rapid change while government and legislation try to catch up. Law and guidelines have been made, but in the haste to create them many are poorly designed and implemented, hurting people that have seemed to do nothing wrong. Information technology is a global profession and increases the difficulty when dealing with different scenarios. Presented with the same scenario an IT professional in Japan may handle it completely different than another professional in the USA. Setting standards and ideals for all computing professionals is key to the continuing growth of information technology. Legal and Ethical Issues The computing professional faces legal and ethical issues in information technology every day. Many of the biggest issues that IT professionals face include the ever growing concern with piracy and ownership of information. Current laws and regulations allow software and intellectual property to be coved by both copyrights and patents. However the bigger concern is how software...
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...religion into his arguments about discrimination. Du Bois is one of the founding member of the National Association for the Advancement of Color People (NAACP) and the Pan- African Congress. Du Bois assists in the leadership of the Peace Information Center which is an anti- atomic bomb group. He was the first editor of the NAACP journal, the Crisis. In the journal Crisis, Du Bois wrote about his support for black artists, writers and musicians. He also spoke out on the unfair treatments of blacks in the Crisis. W.E.B. Du Bois's journals were misleading according to Appiah in the essay "Racial Identities". Du Bois idea of Badge of Color was a concept of being labeled black or white but Appiah found the Badge of Color faulty. He believes labelling a group of...
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...Veronica McNutt IT590 Unit 4 Assignment Professor DePriest September 2, 2014 Unit 4 Assignment Essay Questions Scenario 1: You are working as a designer for a university that offers a program in Computer Science. One of the tracts is computer security. One of your colleagues has recommended adding a course addressing network security. In this course, students learn about the history of networks and study network attacks that have caused significant damage to the network that was the subject of the attack. During the second term of this two semester course, the students are taught how to hack into a system, how to create malware (including Trojan horses, viruses, and worms), and how to perpetrate a DOS attack. Choose one or more of the ethical theories discussed in Chapter 2 and combine that with research to determine whether this course should be taught. Be sure to discuss both sides of the issue before taking a specific side. Would it make a difference if this were a graduate or PhD level course instead of an undergraduate level course? Explain. Disadvantages According to research, there are many concerns for offering hands-on training to students in a computer network class. According to Trabelsi & Ibrahim (2013), UAE conducted a survey of the students who used the skills learned in the hands-on DOS attack class. Eighty five percent of students used the skills learned outside the isolated network university lab. These concerns would be the following: that the...
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...Computer Science for Everyone", Constructionism 2012, Athens. About the development of CS 10, Berkeley's new CS breadth course for non-majors. Why Structure and Interpretation of Computer Programs matters In 2011, to celebrate the 150th anniversary of MIT, the Boston Globe made a list of the most important MIT innovations, and they asked me to explain the importance of SICP. This is what I sent them. "Bringing 'No Ceiling' to Scratch: Can One Language Serve Kids and Computer Scientists?" (with Jens Mönig, a talk at the Constructionism 2010 conference in Paris). Scratch is the brilliant grandchild of Logo, from the MIT Media Lab, that uses drag-and-drop visual programming to achieve, truly at last, the "no threshold" half of Logo's famous promise, combined with a half-million-strong social network of kid programmers sharing projects and working collaboratively. But Scratch deliberately drops the "no ceiling" part. How hard would it be to do both at once? Not hard at all, we think, if we remember Lisp's core idea of procedure as data. BYOB (Build Your Own Blocks) is an experimental implementation of this goal. "Speech at UCB CS Graduation, 2005"At Berkeley every department has its own graduation ceremony. At the one for the Computer Science majors in the College of Letters and Science, there are a bunch of student speakers, then a faculty speaker, and then a famous-outsider speaker. This year I gave the faculty speech, about the sorry state of the world. "Harmful to Children? The...
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..."hacktivists" (hacker + activist) leveraging exploits against digital networks to accomplish more or less the same thing. This case study explores the ways in which the general public, news media, lawmakers, and law enforcement have reacted to the more contentious hacktivist incidents that have transpired in the United States since 2009. The impact of these attacks has ranged from minor to catastrophic, and the most clever perpetrators have been able to evade apprehension. In response, the United States judicial system has strategically given severe punishments to the few hacktivists it can manage to catch. As other forms of disruptive activism are being punished with slaps on the wrist, these hacktivists and their allies are pleading their case to the public that these incommensurate punishments are cause for concern. Command Prompt Through a discussion about the facts and the positions of the actors involved with regard to hacktivism, it will become clear that the lack of a plain and fair legal doctrine is indeed to blame for the pervasive confusion among plaintiffs and defendants alike. The goal of this study is to show just that: to highlight the ambiguity of the law through examples, to discuss the stiff legal repercussions these hacktivists have faced, and to consider the dialogue between the news media and the general public about the appropriateness of criminal sentencing and the nature and motives of hacking incidents. For those wishing to reform the law, there are several points worth considering...
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...ABE School of Business Main Campus, Manila A Research Presented to Mr. Arnel A. Cueto Instructor In Partial Fulfillment of the Requirements for the Subject Computer Ethics Perspectives Presented By: Patrick Troy R. Luberio Meghan Magcuro Jeffrey b. Santos Xavier Ray C. Yunzal Nichael Bonn S. Corpus August 2014 Time: 4:00-9:00PM Introduction In the industrialized world computers are changing everything: from education to health, from voting to making friends or making war. Developing countries can also fully participate in cyberspace and make use of opportunities offered by global networks. We are living a technological and informational revolution. It is therefore important for policy makers, leaders, teachers, computer professionals and all social thinkers to get involved in the social and ethical impacts of this communication technology. The origins of computer ethics can be traced to the 1940s to the time at which cybernetics and digital computers were first developed. These developments prompted Wiener (1948) to recognize both the good and evil inherent in these artificial machines. Since then, attempts have progressively been made to explore computer ethics from a variety of perspectives including that of computer ethics as not a real discipline, as a pedagogical methodology, as a unique discipline, as applied ethics, and as employing information ethics as the foundation of computer ethics the increasing integration of information and...
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...COMPUTER CRIMES A Case Study submitted in partial fulfilment of the requirements for the completion of the course in CIS401M: IT ETHICS AND LEADERSHIP Term 3, Academic Year 2014-2015 by LORETO V. SIBAYAN PAUL MATTHEW G. AVILA Master of Science in Information Technology College of Computer Studies April 2014 TABLE OF CONTENTS ABSTRACT 5 CHAPTER 1 1.0 INTRODUCTION 6 CHAPTER 2 2.0 OVERVIEW OF LITERATURE 8 2.1 CYBERCRIME 9 2.2 THEORIES OF CRIME 2.2.1 CRIMINOLOGICAL THEORIES 10 2.2.2 PSYCHOLOGICAL THEORIES 12 2.3 TYPES OF CRIME 14 2.3 CAUSES CYBERCRIME 19 2.4 CYBERCRIME PREVENTION 22 CHAPTER 3 3.0 ANALYSIS CYBERCRIME CASES 26 SUMMARY OF CYBERCRIME CASES 38 CONCLUSION AND RECOMMENDATION 43 REFERENCES 44 ABSTRACT The 21st century has brought about certain influences in the lives of everyone including the way we do business transactions, the way we gain education and the way we communicate; these influences are mostly revolutionized through the use of modern day technology and though these technologies have been proven to be beneficial to the entire society, it also carries with it aspects that can be worrying for everyone. Certain professionals in the said field use their expertise to illegally develop ways on how to take advantage of others with of course the use of technology hence cybercrime...
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...another. The days when letters are delivered through postal mail are almost over; the day when communications will take many days to be completed is vanishing; now we are bringing our plants into the laboratory in the hope to cultivate a better species. No matter how we see it, technology now dictates the pace of our lives, and we must adopt and move fast in order not to be left behind. Several questions however remains, does technology influence us so much that it even affects even the core of our humanity? Does technology also dictate our values, morals and ethics? Accompanied by these questions is the responsibility for us to make decisions within the boundary of our ethical standards to negate the negative impacts brought about by the onset of the technological race. While the word ethics has been seen and defined across the centuries, there still is no uniform definition that will describe the word perfectly. In the “Studies of Christian Ethics Syllabus”, Tardo defines ethics as a set of personal values and principles that separate what is viewed as right or wrong and that guide every person on what should be done. Discussing it further, he stated that ethics is very closely associated with morality to the extent that the two terms are most of the time interchanged with one another. In the article, Tardo defines ethics clearly as a set of standards for our morality (1). Needless to say ethics has innately guided human generations across time to live harmoniously with one...
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...My Learnings in Business Ethics, Social Responsibility and Good Governance What is ‘business ethics’? Business ethics talks on the behavior of people involved in a business. Business ethics is about ethical property. Business ethics affects one’s decision making of doing what is good, correct, and moral and avoiding doing evil. Business ethics means developing self. What is ‘social responsibility’? Social responsibility means doing well to others where in you need to consider the full scope of an act to the welfare of the community by fulfilling social obligations to your stakeholders. Remember that you cannot do good to others if you do not develop yourself. As for your customers, give them quality products and services. As for the government, you have to follow the parameters of laws and pay right amount of taxes. As for your employees, right compensation must be given to them. As for the environment, you must take good care of it by saving unrenewable resources. As for your suppliers, you have to pay on time and follow the contract since they deliver what you need. As for the community, respect culture and open opportunities by giving them jobs. What is ‘good governance’? Good governance is on how you govern your stakeholders. As a manager, you are leading, managing, and governing your business. The main goal is to be accountable, to be ethical, to be profitable, and to be responsible. Business ethics talks on principles, business, and behavior of people. Remember...
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...reports were about sexual or violent crime, compared to the actual 3% of crime records for this kind of crime. Marsh found violent crimes were 36 times more likely to be recorded in newspapers than property crime- America Media portray criminals and victims as older and more middle class Felson (1998) calls this the ‘age fallacy’ Media exaggerate police success Partly due to media covering violent crime a lot, which has a higher clean up rate than property crime Media exaggerate risk of vctimisation Especially to women, white people and higher status people Crime is reported as a series of separate events Without examining underlying causes or structure The media overplay extraordinary crime Felson- ‘dramatic fallacy’ and ‘ingenuity fallacy’; media portray crime as hard to commit and you need intelligence to commit crime There is evidence to show that media coverage of crime in the media is changing. Schlesinger and Tumber (1994) found that in the 1960s the focus had been on murders and petty crime, but by 1990 murder and petty crime were of less crime to the media. Change had occurred due to the abolition of the death penalty, and rising crime rates had meant crime had to be special to attract media coverage. By the 1990’s reporting had widened to include: drugs, child abuse, terrorism football hooliganism and mugging. There is evidence that there has been an increase in sex crime coverage. Soothill and (Sylvia) Walby (1991) found newspaper reporting of all cases rose from...
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...Russian Patriotic Hacking During Operation Allied Force Introduction. With the increasing number of cyberattacks, many security professionals are greatly troubled by the real threat to the information technology infrastructure in the United States. While safeguarding information has been a major issue for the private and public sectors since the beginning of the computer era, the increased level of concern over the most recent attacks has resulted in devoting more resources to combat this threat. This paper analyzes numerous cyberattacks by Russian computer enthusiast group Chaos Hackers Crew and other hacktivists during Operation Allied Force in 1999, that included taking down and defacing various NATO and US Government websites, several successful virus propagation attempts on military servers and countless spamming storms. This particular case raises curious questions about the legal definition of term cyberconflict itself, magnitude of the damage from a potential cyberattack on U.S. Government by terrorists and the level of preparedness of key military and intelligence units for the cyberwar. The cyberterrorism threat is real, however it’s essential to recognize that preserving the state of continuous distress over computer vulnerabilities can be profitable. Based on this research, cultural differences play a huge role in the world of computer hackers who decide what entity to attack and how, also the scale of a cyberattack doesn’t matter as economic damage can be devastating...
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...phenomenon of the business corporation. He did so because he believed corporations were never going to amount to much. Professor Smith was profoundly wrong. Dr. Donaldson says he may be profoundly wrong also as he ventures into cyberspace to untangle its ethical implications. “In my attempt I am most concerned to separate the old from the new, that is, to discern which value changes we're encountering are really old stuff, like a movie we've seen before but with a different cast, and what is fundamentally new. “ An answer to this question should help us, in turn, to discover how, if at all, the internet promises to change our values and what ethical controversies it is likely to provoke. Introduction The internet has brought about value changes that are similar to challenges we have experienced through other phenomena though some are fundamentally new. Separating the old from new changes will help to discern what ethical controversies the internet is likely to provoke. Privacy: Old issue with new implications ...
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...deviance through their devotion to exaggerating the truth in order to have a “newsworthy” story. Often it is the case that the media will play an important role in what Durkheim would say is maintaining the boundaries of society, reaffirming what is socially acceptable, and what is not. Durkheim would also say that all change starts with deviance, and the media highlighting this deviance on the world stage helps to excite and increase the rate of social change, which as suggested in the item, can lead to changes in law. Examples of this have been seen with public displays of homosexuality in countries where homosexual marriage is illegal, or disallowed. This kind of deviance is picked up by the media, and projected on a world stage in the name of news, and appeals to the world’s sense of equality and liberalism. So, while Functionalists would say the news plays an important function in society as a tool to catalyst social change, others would argue that it actually victimises a lot of people. This is seen with Cohen’s work on Folk Devils and Moral panics, in which a person with new norms, values or morals- or even all three, comes along and challenges societies accepted ones. This kind of challenge is met harshly and the new group, or person, is outcasted. They’re cut off from society as a folk devil and victimised for being different. This was seen in the study of the Drug Takers by Jock Young. However while the mass media show interest in crime they give a distorted image...
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