...and procedures used in conducting this study. It includes the setting, research design, method used and respondents of the study, technique in gathering the information, description of the research, design, sample and the techniques, and instrument used. Research Design Quantitative research design is a systematic process used to gather and statistically analyze information that has been measured by an instrument. The research study used this design because a statistical technique has been use to explain a particular phenomenon concern with the practices on early recovery among Cesarean Section patients. The researcher specifically used a descriptive research, this type of research describes what exists and may help to uncover new facts and meaning that allow us to observe, describe and document the aspects of a situation as it naturally occurs. Research Locale The study was conducted on some affiliate hospitals of Arellano University – Jose Abad Santos Campus such as Mandaluyong Medical Center and Diosdado Macapagal Medical Center in Caloocan and a former affiliate hospital of the school which is Taguig Pateros District Hospital. The students chose these hospitals for the easy access on the hospitals for their study because it will be easy for the students to have the permission of the hospital administration to conduct their study on these local hospitals. Respondent of the Study The respondents of our study are Cesarean patient who are confined...
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...– Single largest Food Service Retailer in the world – Serves around 50 million customers every day – Around than 30,000 Restaurants worldwide across 120+ countries • India – Started in 1996 – Currently present in around 40 cities with around 180 restaurants – Serves around 500,000 customers daily – Unique menu with Vegetarian products and Nonvegetarian products (Fish, Chicken) …World’s largest democracy … 2nd largest population in the world …fastest growing middle class consumers Incredible India A land of huge opportunities • At 175 million tonnes per annum, India is the second largest producer of fruits and vegetables ……but more than 15 billion US$ worth fruits and vegetables wasted every year post harvest …. only 2.2% of the produce is processed 3rd largest producer of potatoes …..but less than 5% of potatoes grown are process grade • • World’s largest producer of milk …however yield per lactation cycle of a buffalo is 1/10th of US Supply Chain Challenges Agriculture •Outdated farming and irrigation practices Logistics & Distribution •Poor road and other infrastructure conditions •Cold chain – virtually non-existent •Huge wastage of natural resources (water, electricity etc.) •Lack of proper storage facility at farm level for storing post harvest produce •Crops like iceberg lettuce not commercially grown •Only 200 refrigerated trucks in whole of India •Specialized temperature controlled warehouses (e.g. for potato storage) not available Food Processing •Patty...
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...For years, there has been research supporting the implementation of enhanced recovery (ER) processes into the care plan for surgical patients.1-7 By definition ER care protocols are multidisciplinary evidenced based recommendations that have been bundled together to improve surgical outcomes.1-7 Positive ER outcomes reported in the literature are decreases in length of stay in hospital, complication rates, use of analgesia, cost for patients as well as increases in patient comfort, satisfaction and return to pre-op functionality. 1-7 There are different models of ER pathways studies such as the four-step Rapid Recovery process to the sixteen-element ERAS pathways published by the ERAS Society formed 2003.1-7 Regardless of how simple or complex the enhanced recovery programs (ERPs) incorporate best practice essentials aimed at attenuating the stress response to surgery with guidelines for before, during and after surgery care. 1-7 The...
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...[pic] FOOD SAFETY / FOOD DEFENSE RESPONSE PLAN September 2006 This document was prepared by Kenadine Johnson and staff Montana Office of Public Instruction Helena, Montana FOOD SAFETY/FOOD DEFENSE RESPONSE PLAN TABLE OF CONTENTS ACRONYMS----------------------------------------------------------------------- 2-3 RESOURCES----------------------------------------------------------------------- 4 A listing of links and papers we used to help compile this document. ACKNOWLEDGEMENTS ------------------------------------------------------ 5 SECTION I: INTRODUCTION Foreword ---------------------------------------------------------------------------- 6 Introduction-------------------------------------------------------------------------- 7 Purpose------------------------------------------------------------------------------- 7 Goals---------------------------------------------------------------------------------- 7 SECTION II: SITUATIONS AND ASSUMPTIONS----------------------- 8-9 SECTION III: CONCEPT OF OPERATIONS A. Incident Identification---------------------------------------------------------- 10 B. Notification and Action Triggers--------------------------------------------- 10 C. Communication----------------------------------------------------------------- 11 D. Interstate Coordination--------------------------------------------------------- 11 E. Food Team-----------------------------------------------------------------------...
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...Health Plan for World Trade Center Attacks (911) Sandra Morgan June 21, 2011 Epidemiology and Risk Management Health Plan for World Trade Center Attacks (911) I. INTRODUCTION: On September 11, 2001, one of the worst man made disasters occurred in US history. “Terrorists crashed two hijacked planes into The World Trade Centers. In less than two hours, the towers collapsed and nearly 2,800 people died, including 343 firefighters, 23 police officers, 37 Port Authority police officers, and more than 2,200 civilians” (NYC Government, 2011). Most of Lower Manhattan residents were exposed to all kinds of dust, particulates, and other environmental contaminants. Moreover, people witnessed some of the most deeply traumatic events they had ever seen. Families watched as their entire lives and livelihoods disappeared. While individuals tried to make sense of what was taking place, rescue workers, contractors, and many others began the massive undertaking of rescuing people trapped under the rubble. In late September the rescue turned from rescue to recovery. Over the next 10 months many City, State, and federal agencies participated in the cleanup of Ground Zero. Immediately after the collapse of the towers there were concerns about the consequences for health and mental issues. Therefore, the development of a health plan was necessary. This plan had to include the collection of proper data and an explanation for collecting...
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...Almost every city in America has a homeless shelter or rescue mission. The rescue mission here in Topeka, KS has three different facilities including the Main Shelter, Hope Center, and Distribution Center. Within the Main Shelter there is the administrative offices, chapel, dining room, and men’s shelter. The Hope Center is the shelter for single women and families. The Distribution Center is where all the donations are sorted, stored, distributed, and recycled. To help fund everything, they also own a thrift store which provides about 10% of their total income. Services provided by the rescue mission include shelter, food, clothing, Christian guidance, individual advocacy services, recovery programs, work training programs, recovery/ relapse-prevention...
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...Staphylococcal Staphylococcal food poisoning is the intoxication from the indigestion of contaminated food. Staphylococcal is the name of the condition caused by the enterotoxins that some strains of Staphylococcus Aureus produce (BBB Staphylococcus Aureus, 2012). Foods related with staphylococcus food poisoning include poultry and eggs; meat and meat products; salads such as tuna, chicken, or egg; baked goods such as cream-filled pies; milk and dairy products. Mishandled food during preparation and kept in a considerably high temperature known as the temperature danger zone 41 degrees to 141 degrees are involved in staphylococcal food poisoning. Also staphylococcal can be spread by hand contact, coughing, and sneezing. Food handlers are the number one cause of food poisoning outbreaks unclean food surfaces can also cause staphylococcus aureus. According to the United States Food and Drug Administration 1,364 children became ill who ate lunch that was served to 16 elementary schools in Texas. The food was prepared in an outside kitchen and delivered to the schools. The epidemiological studies revealed that the children who became ill ate chicken salad. The chicken was prepared by the kitchen; after boiling the chicken it was cooled at room temperature using fans. After preparation of the chicken salad it was kept refrigerated overnight between 42 degrees and 45 degrees, placed in thermal containers and delivered to the schools and was kept at room temperature until served...
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...the study Hepatitis is a very significant global concern, several different viruses have been identified (Hepatitis A B C D and E), which collectively, account for the majority of viral hepatitis in humans. They afflict more than half a billion people worldwide, and are responsible for over a million deaths a year. Hepatitis-A is a condition characterized by the inflammation of the liver. Symptoms of this viral infection are not always present and this includes jaundice, stomach pain and dark color of urine. Since this virus cannot be killed, treatment consists of relieving only the symptom’s, while the body fights the infection. Ones the person is infected with the virus, they will not be infected again. The cause of Hepatitis A is a single stranded RNA virus from the family picornaviridae and genus hepatuvirus. This virus only affects human. Hepatitis-A is most commonly spread by eating, drinking or using utensils that has been contaminated with the stool of a person infected. This type of transmission is called “fecal-oral” transmission. For this reason, the virus is more easily spread in areas where there is poor sanitary condition or where good personal hygiene is not observed. According to the staff nurses interviewed at the Bontoc General Hospital, there are few cases which have been confirmed to have this disease. They believe that the common acquisition of the disease of the patients of Bontoc General Hospital is through ingestion of contaminated food and drinks...
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...Natural Disasters Index Introduction Types of Disasters Effects of Disaster on Economy Effect of Disaster on Health Care Organization * Sudden Influx * Damage to Facilities * Inadequately Prepared * Specialty Treatment Availability Effects on the Population * Immediate Health Impact * Long-Term Impacts Steps in Disaster Management * Mitigation * Preparedness * Response * Recovery Real Incident Study * Background: * Immediate Response Considerations: * Evacuation: * Special Immediate Concerns: * Recovery Process: * Facility Considerations: * Lessons Learned at This Point in Response/Recovery: * Takeaways from this incident: Conclusion References Introduction According to dictionary.com Disasters means “a calamitous event, especially one occurring suddenly and causing great loss of life, damage, or hardship, as a flood…” Disasters such as Earthquakes, tsunamis, floods, hurricanes, tornados, epidemic disease outbreaks and more can damage any population and have a tremendous effect on the health care organizations that respond. Many health care organizations face major challenges during natural disasters. There are many different causes for those challenges.According to the International Federation of the Red Cross and Red Crescent Societies, in 2002, international disasters affected 608 million people and killed more than 24,000. The recent natural disaster in the...
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...body fit there is no alternative way of vitamins. We get this essential element in different foods, fruits, vegetable etc. But now a days this vitamin is being identified and measured by the biological and chemical activities which are very much complicated procedure and time consuming. So an automatic vitamin identify machine is needed to make the operation easy. My Vitamin Identify Machine which I am thinking to invent can solve the problem easily. Someday the machine must be invented to make my dream true. 1 Introduction Vitamins are organic compounds, which are needed by an organism in tiny amounts. Vitamins are classified by their biological and chemical activity, not their structure. Jacob Exler, nutritionist for the Nutrient Data Research Branch of the Human Nutrition Information Service, told us that there are two types of analytical procedures to measure the vitamin content of foods, chemical and microbiological: The chemical procedures measure the actual amount of a vitamin or a derivative of the vitamin, and the microbiological procedures measure the biological activity of the vitamin on some selected organism. [1] Today, chemical procedures are in vogue. In the past, microbiological studies were more common, and researchers tested not only on bacteria but on live rats. In fact, as late as the 1970s, the FDA used approximately twenty thousand rats a year just to test foods for vitamin D content. But it is very much complicated procedure to identify vitamins and measure...
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...instability, which can affect an individual’s ability and accessibility to work in certain capacities. Adequate health, nutrition, and education effects the individual’s ability to work and function in secondary and vocational schooling. Debilitating and chronic diseases, such as heart disease, diabetes, and hypertension; all which can be directly related to poor nutrition due to limited availability to healthy food choices. Poor nutrition can also be a big contributor to recovery time necessary to get back to work from illnesses. This lack of health care affordability and the ability for individuals to recover from illness exacerbates the effect the financial deficit of the economy. The affordability of healthcare has contributed to working families’ deciding whether it is important to pay healthcare premiums or pay household bills such as food, shelter, utilities, and clothing. Historically, employers cover insurance premiums, however due to a decline in jobs and a continuous inflation in living cost, individuals are unable to maintain their lifestyles and in worse cases their home. Families are becoming homeless at an alarming rate, which is contributing to the increase homeless children population in the school system. Most of these...
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...serious tropical disease, although eradication campaigns against mosquitoes waged since 1948 initially resulted in spectacular declines in incidence and a dramatic decrease in the island's mortality rate during a twenty-year period. Indeed, in some regions, especially the central highlands, these campaigns were almost completely successful, although malaria continues to be prevalent in the coastal regions, especially the east coast. As prevention practices faltered during the late 1970s and throughout the 1980s, the mosquito staged a comeback. The effect on a population with a significantly reduced resistance to malaria was devastating. For example, the Malagasy Ministry of Health reported 490,000 cases and 6,200 deaths from malaria in 1985, but these figures rose--to 760,000 cases and 11,000 deaths--in 1987. As of 1994, other serious diseases included schistosomiasis, tuberculosis, and leprosy. The prevalence of schistosomiasis, a parasitic ailment that spreads primarily through the passing of human wastes into ponds, irrigation canals, and slow-moving streams, reflects the continued lack of adequate sewage facilities, especially in the rural areas. Occasional outbreaks of bubonic plague occur in urban areas, the most recent of them in 1990. Yet Madagascar has been spared many of the diseases common in tropical countries, such as trypanosomiasis, cholera, brucellosis, and yellow fever. The occurrence of sexually transmitted diseases (STDs) has increased during the 1980s and...
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...Emergency Management Case-Study The City Manager of Marshall, Florida has expressed concerns over two issues that he believes are directly related to the City’s post storm and tornado recovery. He has presented some statistics regarding spikes in crime after each critical incident and during the recovery period after storms. He has also provided some empirical information pertaining to a noticeable increase in reported injuries to hospitals. He noted that the injuries were not necessarily the result of the storms themselves, but injuries that occurred during the assessment and recovery period. The City Manager proposes a multi-agency/all-hazards approach to addressing this problem. The goal of this case study is to evaluate that philosophy for its potential implementation. There are several issues that require careful inspection in order to develop a comprehensive plan that would successfully solve the dilemma posed by the City Manager. Issues regarding logistics, operational planning, training, policies and procedures, and legal restraints, are just a few areas that may instigate contention. In addition, there are cost and budget concerns to consider when developing a solution to the problem. The City of Marshall, like many other municipalities around the country, has budgetary and staffing problems. The Fire and Police departments are inadequately staffed compared to other similar sized cities around the country, which becomes painfully apparent during responses to...
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...phones—in other words, anything digital that’s no longer being used. Added together, this information-age detritus makes up the fastest growing category of waste in the U.S. and the more complex the circuitry, the more complicated the equipment’s disposal, since electronics contain toxic substances such as mercury, lead, arsenic, cadmium, and beryllium that pose a hazard to both humans and the environment. VIEW POINT There are a lot of view points for the case “E-waste”. They are as follows: * In 1997, in one of the few studies of food waste, the Department of Agriculture estimated that two years before, 96.4 billion pounds of the 356 billion pounds of edible food in the United States was never eaten. * In England, a recent study revealed that Britons toss away a third of the food they purchase, including more than four million whole apples, 1.2 million sausages and 2.8 million tomatoes. * A recent study in Sweden found out that families with small children threw out about a quarter of the food they bought. * Jonathan Bloom, the creator of the website Wastefood.com believes that recent events suggests things might be improving: * “The fundamental thing that I’m fighting against is, ‘why should I care? I paid for it,’” Mr. Bloom said. “The rising prices are really an answer to that.” * A second article by Mr. Bloom shows that the amounts involved are truly...
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...hours without food and then I ate green beans and a little baked ziti. Frankly I’m proud of myself, not to mention the 100 sit-ups on the yoga ball and the 100 I’ll do before sleep. Yay for me.” (Williams 2). Anorexia nervosa is an illness that usually occurs in teenage girls, but it can also happen to teenaged boys and adult men and women. People with anorexia nervosa are obsessed with the thought of being and remaining thin. They lose a lot of weight and are terrified of gaining it back. Anorexia nervosa isn’t just a problem with food or weight; it’s an attempt to deal with emotional problems (Siegel 1). To completely understand and comprehend this horrific disease, you must consider the media that includes pro-anorexia websites that include negative support for suffering anorexics, celebrities in Hollywood, and teenager’s peers. Background information and the effects are also vital to the cause of this disease. If we look into any teenager’s experiences throughout middle school and right through high school there are all sorts of negative pressures: to drink, smoke, use drugs. But one of the least visible one of them is all is unforgiving demands to be thin and appear as the famous stars to in Hollywood. Teenager’s peers may put pressure on the so called ‘friends’ to view pro-anorexia websites in order to visualize how they want others to look and for unhealthy support in the cause of this appalling disease. There are many visible signs of a possible case of anorexia nervosa...
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