...Drugs and College Students Victoria Lyles-Savage Professor Stone SOW 301-01 Drugs and College Student In today’s society there are a number of college students and teens, who misuse prescription drugs for nonmedical reasons along with street drugs such as marijuana, ecstasy, heroin and steroids. Drugs and alcohol use on college campuses is universal. This has been an epidemic that has grown across the United States. According to Yusko,Buckman, White, and Pandina; alcohol and drug use in college is one of the more serious problems faced by colleges today .Another study stated that 90 percent of teens said they have used alcohol, over 50 percent have used marijuana, 17 percent used cocaine and 13 percent have used some form of hallucinogenic drug. Athletes are at risk to drug use because of the increased physical demand of athletics and heightens stress and time constraints placed upon them by fulfilling the dual role of being an athlete and student (Yusko, Buckman, White, Pandina, 2008). Peer pressure in itself is an epidemic and strongly impacts nonathletic individuals as well. The use of prescriptions drugs for nonmedical use is higher than are use of cocaine, heroin, hallucinogens, ecstasy, and inhalants all combined. Prescription Opioids result in more drug abuse deaths than both cocaine and heroin combined (Katelyn Rozenbroek& Rothstein, 2011).There are a lot of factors that drive teens and college students to turn to drugs and alcohol. The highest rates of...
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...More A Research Essay About Why College Students Are Using and Abusing Stimulants To Get By February, 2014 Abstract Prescription stimulant use as academic performance enhancers is increasingly widespread among college students and the prescription stimulant use as "cognitive enhancers" has been described among undergraduate college students. Adderall and Ritalin are the most popular among the students. Some use the drugs to stay awake to study to get by with good grades, even with acknowledgement of the dangers of using. However, the use of prescription stimulants among future graduated students is at risk. Table of Contents Abstract…………………………………………………………………………………... 2 Chapter 1 ……………………………………………………………………………..….. 4 Purpose of the Study ……………………………………..……………… 4 Statement …………………………………………………..……………. 4 Research Questions …………………………………………..…………. 5 Significance of the Study ……………………………………..………… 5 Delimitation ……………………………………………..……………… 5 Definition of Terms …………………………………………..………… 6 Chapter 2 Literature Review…………………………………………………………….. 7 Chapter 3 Research Methods …………………………………………………………… 18 References ………………………………………………………….…………………… 22 Appendix A ……………………………………………………………………………… 23 Dean’s List and More Nature of Study If you are a full time student with heavy load of courses while working to support your lifestyle, then you will be worrying where you can find the time. Undergraduate college students do stress out daily worrying...
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...Prescription drug abuse deserves renewed attention After watched the movie Shutter Island, it must be very easy catch such scenes that the lead hero who is acted by Leonardo DiCaprio always asks aspirins from doctors, either when he is seasickness or has a headache. Familiar scenes always emerge in lots of movies and TV plays. People all know that artistic creation is based on realities, and in fact, those scenes are not from scenarists’ imaginations. In the real world, typical cases of prescription drug abuse always manifest in three ways. Taking a prescription drug that is prescribed for others, taking medicine for reasons like feeling depressed, or overdosing than as prescribed. Abuse of prescription drugs could produce serious problems for people, especially worse in addiction. Because prescription medicine abuse is becoming a significant problem in the United States, the phenomenon has to be taken seriously. According to the survey of National Institute on Drug Abuse, the medicines which abused are broadly described as those targeting the central nervous system, including those used to treat psychiatric disorders. In 2010, approximately 7 million persons were current users of psychotherapeutic medicines taken not in medically (2.7 percent of the U.S. population). The situation must lead to awful outcome. Even if no one want to see the terrible result that not only people’s physical health be drowned in danger, people’ mental health and relationship are under threaten...
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...Neuroenhancement; Stimulants in the Classroom In the current economy, people are competing to earn a decent living; meanwhile, only certain individuals receive a prescription for neuroenhancing medication. An individual receiving Attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder (ADHD) treatment is at an advantage compared to an individual with ADHD and no prescription. Neuroenhancing drugs, categorized as stimulants, are most often prescribed to people who’ve been diagnosed with ADHD. Students are the main focus of this research paper because data supports the claim that neuroenhancers are often used to improve performance in the classroom. There are positive and negative results that come from the use of neuroenhancing medication. A qualitative study by Margaret Talbot examines a Harvard student and includes personal insight from an Adderall user that earned a college degree. If a student doesn’t have access to prescribed neuroenhancers, and has a hard time focusing on schoolwork, is the student similar to someone with bad vision and no access glasses? The current situation in our information based economy with a growing need for higher education puts prescribed users of neuroenhancement at an academic advantage over people with similar neurological characteristics and no prescription. Defining the Drug ADHD medication has an intended purpose to improve the ability for the user to focus on a given task. More specifically, “stimulants increase the activity of the sympathetic nervous...
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...University Over the Counter, Over Prescribed Prescription Drug Abuse Over the Counter, Over Prescribed Prescription Drug Abuse When describing a drug addict, the stereotypical description is usually someone who has no job, steals to get their fix, and is living their life in poverty because of their crippling addiction. The drug of choice for these “junkies” is typically black tar heroin. However in recent years this has not been the case. The age of prescription drugs is beginning and people are dying from prescription drug overdoses at an alarming rate. According to the National Institute of Drug Abuse (NIDA), as seen in Figure 1 found in the Appendix, in 2010 there were 8.76 million prescription drug abusers (Drug Facts: Prescription and Over-the-Counter Medications). Prescription drug abuse has become an epidemic in America and it is not isolated to the stereotypical addict, as doctors and emergency response teams are seeing more and more overdoses and individuals seeking medical attention who are in the upper middle class and lead a fairly “normal” life besides their addiction. The NIDA found that there are around 5.1 million people in the US suffer from substance abuse disorders related to prescription pain relievers (Figure 1, Appendix). Although pain killer abuse gets a lot of the prescription drug abuse headlines, there are other medications that are being abused namely stimulants. Because over the counter and prescription medicines are so easy to obtain and the stigma...
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...from the Los Angeles Times, it is estimated that 100 people die every day from drug abuse or overdose. Abuse or overdose being defined as taking more medicine than a doctor prescribes, or taking medication not prescribed to the victim. These totals don’t even include deaths related to side effects from other prescription drugs, and those reach over one hundred thousand people annually. These numbers have alarmed the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC), but rightfully so because from the years 2000 to 2009 the report states, “The percentage of poisoning deaths among those aged 15–19 years with prescription drugs as a contributing cause increased from 30% in 2000 to 57% in 2009.” There are many different speculations that would drive such a rapid climb, such as music and lifestyle, accessibility to the drugs, and affordability for many teenagers. Agencies like the CDC and US Food and Drug Administration (FDA), are working together with the White House to reside this issue by improving education of healthcare professionals, using state prescription monitoring programs, and proper disposal of controlled substances by business trade and the public. I agree with Obama in that there are steps that need to be taken to help end this recent issue in society. Although, I believe there are other ways to go about it and the first is to federally decriminalize marijuana. Prescription drug abuse has been recognized since the 1980’s, but it hasn’t received as much attention...
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...METABICAL CASE ANALYSIS Metabical is a prescription drug produced by Cambridge Sciences Pharmaceuticals (CSP) for weight loss, which was the first and only prescription drug to obtain FDA approval. The drug was developed to help aid people in the overweight segment to lose 10 to 30 pounds. Barbara Printup is the marketing director in charge of selecting a price for the new prescription drug. In a study CSP did with Metabical, people with a body mass index (BMI) of 28 to 30 had an average weight loss of 26 pounds over a 12 week period. At the same time, people with a BMI of 25-28 had an average weight loss of 15 pounds. This study found the new prescription drug to be useful and effective. Through research, Printup decided to target female consumers in the 35 to 65 age range with a college education. Metabical was also basing pricing and packaging compared to their main competitors in this particular market. CSP wanted to base their new product comparable to Alli, but felt Metabical could be priced at a premium due to the need of a prescription to get the drug, and the fact that they were the only FDA approved weight loss drug on the market. Pricing was a main concern with this product and several scenarios were run to try and project and forecast where the pricing would make the best return on investment (ROI). In order for the drug to be able to show positive results it is recommended that it should be taken daily for 12 weeks, without a single miss just like birth control...
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...Ethical Responsibility in Pharmacy Practice Robert A. Buerki, Ph.D. Professor Division of Pharmacy Practice and Administration The Ohio State University Louis D. Vottero, M.S. Professor of Pharmacy Emeritus Ohio Northern University American Institute of the History of Pharmacy Madison, Wisconsin 2002 Acknowledgments: Pages 208-10: "Principles of Medical Ethics" and "Fundamental Elements of the Patient-Physician Relationship," reprinted with permission from the Code of Medical Ethics, American Medical Association, © 1994 and © 2000. AMA logo reprinted with the permission of the American Medical Association. © 2002 American Medical Association. Usage of the AMA logo does not imply an endorsement of the non-AMA material found in this book. Page 211: "Code of Ethics for Nurses with Interpretive Statements," reprinted with permission from the American Nurses Association, © 2001 American Nurses Publishing, American Nurses Foundation/American Nurses Association, Washington, D.C. Pages 212-15: "A Patient's Bill of Rights," reprinted with permission of the American Hospital Association, © 1992. Pages 216-17: "Pharmacy Patient's Bill of Rights," reprinted with permission of the National Association of Boards of Pharmacy. On the cover: The "triad of medical care" has been the basis for the ethical relationship between the pharmacist, the physician, and the patient for centuries. In the background, an early depiction of the triad from Book 7 of the encyclopedia...
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...Positioning and Communications Strategy for a New Weight-Loss Drug “I have tried countless diets and every new weight-loss pill that has come on the market. Nothing seems to take off those extra pounds. With diets, I am miserable because I am starving all the time, and none of the weight-loss pills seem to work. I might lose a couple pounds, but I never reach my weightloss goals and I usually end up gaining more back. I would give anything to lose this extra 20 pounds, so that I can live a longer, happier life.” — Tamara Jinkens: focus group participant, age 42 Barbara Printup, senior director of marketing for Cambridge Sciences Pharmaceuticals (CSP), listened as overweight focus group participants recounted their lifelong struggles with weight loss. Printup had just been placed in charge of the upcoming U.S. product launch of CSP’s newest prescription drug, Metabical (pronounced Meh-tuh-bye-cal). In clinical trials, Metabical proved to be safe and effective in stimulating weight loss for moderately overweight individuals. CSP was an international health care company with a focus on developing, manufacturing, and marketing products that treat metabolic disorders, gastrointestinal diseases, immune deficiencies, as well as other chronic and acute medical conditions. The company captured over $25 billion in sales in 2007. Printup had over 20 years of experience marketing prescription drugs for CSP. She had led six new drug campaigns and had just concluded work on Zimistat, CSP’s most...
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...Cesar Monterroso Jr February 23rd, 2016 FY 101 PL01 Professor George Gonzalez College Student Ethics The college years are marked by social changes and behavioral experimentation which may increase risk of suicidal thoughts. There seems to be a pathway for the development of suicidal thoughts between two established suicide risk factors, loneliness and drug use, As suicide is the third leading cause of death among individuals aged 15 to 24 years. (Centers for Disease Control & Prevention, 2010) Within that same age group, the suicide rate has tripled since 1950. College students may be at particular risk for suicidal thoughts and behavior, especially since it is the second most common death among that same social group. We often wonder what are the triggers that lead the students to commit such acts? Students are put into a brand new environment. Most students often deal with being away from home for their first times, put into dorms with complete strangers and work under extreme pressures. The biggest take-away is the abrupt transition. Students are often left with dealing their own finances for the first time in their lives. Now you add the large college workload, personal struggles such as family or relationship problems, pressures to succeed, academic failure, financial stableness and you have a deadly mixture. Suicide just does not come when a person goes to college, it develops through the student’s childhood and life. This sense of helplessness goes to show...
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...Education. (2010). American College Of Preventive Medicine Online Retrieved http://www.acpm.org/?UseAbuseRxClinRef American College of Preventive Medicine This is a good overview website that has authors/doctors that are affiliated with the college who have done studies on the topic of Addictions to pain medications. The Doctors/Authors report on past and current patient history and documented cases and again from peoples real life stories for the past 10 years. The information that was used was documented from 2001 through 2010 from different patients with different signs and symptoms of the addictions and with different medications. I feel my source is credible because the site was not biased in any way. It had references, testimonies and documentations along with charts and graphs from different doctors as well as different patients in different states of the addiction on different medications. The source does not make any claims without evidence to support what is stated and I feel like this site reached out and touched me due to my own personal experience with an addiction to pain medication that led to a suicide attempt in June 2010. Rovero, April (2012) American Society of Addiction Medicine http://www.asam.org/advocacy/find-a-policy-statement/view-policy-statement/public-policy-statements/2012/01/26/measures-to-counteract-prescription-drug-diversion-misuse-and-addiction Founder/President National Coalition Against Prescription Drug Abuse www.ncapda.org ...
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...Introduction The biopsychologist will implement the biological approach to psychology in the attempt to study psychological diseases and disorders as well as in the diagnosis and treatment of individual’s suffering from such diseases and disorders. The following will include the analysis of the disorder known as Schizophrenia. The areas of brain affected, causal factors, associated symptoms, neural basis and appropriate drug therapies will be discussed. In addition, the disorders of Anorexia Nervosa and Generalized Anxiety Disorder will also be examined. Both the disorders of Anorexia Nervosa and Generalized Anxiety Disorder will be discussed for their relation to the nature-nurture issue and other appropriate theories of etiology. Possible drug therapies and alternative solutions will also be a focus of discussion. Part A: Schizophrenia Schizophrenia is undoubtedly one of the most complex psychiatric disorders of all time. A disorder which name defines the “splitting of psychic functions (Pinel, 2007, p.481)”, Schizophrenia often presents itself with a variety of characteristic symptoms including possible delusions, hallucinations, disorganized or incoherent speech, grossly disorganized or catatonic behavior patterns and negative symptoms (American Psychiatric Association, 2000). Social and occupational dysfunction often accompany these characteristic symptoms of Schizophrenia and the combination of function impairment and symptoms must persist in duration for a period...
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...Positioning and Communications Strategy for a New Weight-Loss Drug “I have tried countless diets and every new weight-loss pill that has come on the market. Nothing seems to take off those extra pounds. With diets, I am miserable because I am starving all the time, and none of the weight-loss pills seem to work. I might lose a couple pounds, but I never reach my weightloss goals and I usually end up gaining more back. I would give anything to lose this extra 20 pounds, so that I can live a longer, happier life.” — Tamara Jinkens: focus group participant, age 42 Barbara Printup, senior director of marketing for Cambridge Sciences Pharmaceuticals (CSP), listened as overweight focus group participants recounted their lifelong struggles with weight loss. Printup had just been placed in charge of the upcoming U.S. product launch of CSP’s newest prescription drug, Metabical (pronounced Meh-tuh-bye-cal). In clinical trials, Metabical proved to be safe and effective in stimulating weight loss for moderately overweight individuals. CSP was an international health care company with a focus on developing, manufacturing, and marketing products that treat metabolic disorders, gastrointestinal diseases, immune deficiencies, as well as other chronic and acute medical conditions. The company captured over $25 billion in sales in 2007. Printup had over 20 years of experience marketing prescription drugs for CSP. She had led six new drug campaigns and had just concluded work on Zimistat, CSP’s most...
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...Young and Middle Adulthood Case Studies Alicia Steele BSHS 325 May 26, 2014 Jeni Maijala Young and Middle Adulthood Case Studies Case studies will be an important part of the profession of human services. Not only is it important to keep notes on each client but also for future reference on a client, a case study will come in handy. This paper will illustrate an example of a case study and examine the following, family, social, and intimate relationships of the person in the case study, identify any role changes that may have occurred, and the immediate and future effect of healthy and unhealthy habits practiced by the person. My case study is on Jackson. A 25 year old male with a substance abuse problem. Upon graduating high school, Jackson attended college the following fall to obtain a degree in Chemistry. During his freshman year of college, Jackson suffered a head injury after a car crash and resulted in the loss of cognitive and analytical functioning skills. Thus began drinking alcohol and abuse of painkillers. Jackson has left college and now lives with his mother while he attends a substance abuse program in Chicago, Illinois. According to his mother, Jackson currently isolates himself in his room and refuses employment opportunities. Growing up in a single parent household with no father figure involvement, Jackson has trouble maintaining any type of relationship. Although he had relationships in high school that he considered serious, he became distant with...
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...commonly used and sought for drugs found on college campuses in the world today. Adderall and other forms of the “smart drug” have become more and more popular when it comes to students and young professionals trying to get an advantage. It will discuss both the positive and negative side effects of taking these smart pills along with the specific affects/reasons for ingesting them whether they are prescribed or not. Introduction Adderall, a prescription drug, was first developed to treat patients that suffer from Attention Deficit Hyperactivity Disorder (ADHD), a chronic condition including attention difficulty, hyperactivity, and impulsiveness. Students and young professionals that have ADHD generally struggle paying attention in class and focusing on the task at hand, they also tend to be unorganized commonly forgetting or losing things and also becoming bored with things they must do. These may sound like many qualities everybody has when it comes to certain things and that’s because they are which is why the drug and competitor pills are scripted more today than they ever have been before. The purpose of this report is to inform about how common Adderall is found on college campuses, although a prescription drug, as well as addressing what the drug does for you. I will discuss both the positive and negative side effects associated with the drug as well as what the drug can do for you regarding your life at school. This is help inform people on the drug Adderall since it is so...
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