...| |AUDIT OBJECTIVES | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |To ensure that: | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |A. |The balances represents all amount due to / from the central bank. | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |B. |The mathematical accuracy of the account is correct. | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |C. |Amounts represents all proper charges or amounts that can | | | | | | | |reasonably be expected to become payable and are properly recorded.| | | ...
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...Central tendency and dispersion Upon performing data analysis using descriptive statistics, skew values and central tendencies, as well as, dispersion of data was visual evident. Central tendency is basically the cluster of data values while dispersion deals with the range of data values and how they are spread out. Additionally, dispersion reflects the amount of variation in the data. In the category of education, the central tendency focused on range of 10 – 12 years at 51 percent and 12 – 18 years slightly below but still significant at 39 percent. These values make up 90 percent of the data for this category. Regarding salary, dispersion of data played a significant role as the data was widely distributed ranging from $10,000 to $83,000 annually. The central tendency revolved around the range of $15K - $36K, for a total of 63 percent while greater than $36K made up 24 percent and less than $15K comprised 13 percent. Another area which illustrates central tendency and dispersion of data is age with a range in years of 18 to 64. Forty-seven percent fell in the age range of 32 – 53 while those younger than 32 represented 33 percent and those older than 53 characterized the lowest percentage for this category. Other demographic criteria such as Hispanic versus Non-white, Female, Southern Resident, Union, Married, and type of Industry were skewed due to limited options of variability with the exception of the Female category which had a balanced outcome of 47 percent female...
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...the internal political and cultural tensions in the Central America region from the colonial period to the present day? Describe these turning points in terms of the people who were involved in creating change and the controversies of the times. The history of Central America is considered to be a colorful one but rather complicated and even tragic because a lot of historical events took place and influenced greatly the political, economic and cultural development of the Central America region. (Perez-Brignoli, 1989) It is known that Central America has seen wars and dictators, foreign interventions and economic crises. (Booth & Walker, 1999) To my mind, the three turning points that have created the internal political and cultural tensions in the Central America region from the colonial period to the present day are the following ones: • Colonization of Central America by Spain in 1523. • When Central America declared Independence in 1821 and on June 1, 1823 five countries of Central America were united. • Revolution in 1944-1954 in Guatemala. The first turning point can be related to the period of colonization. The local population tried to stand against the Spaniards but Indian tribes had no chances to win. All the cities were captured by the colonizers. Some cities were burned and great deals of local people were killed. The Spaniards had control over the whole territory of Guatemala and other countries of Central America. The life of local population changed completely...
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...Should the central bank play some role in bursting asset bubbles? This is a contentious issue that has been discussed for a long time. Some argue in favor of the view that central banks should burst bubbles. But, in their view, monetary policy should respond to asset bubbles in a cautious and moderate manner in order to avoid economic distortions. Some others argue against the role of central bank in bursting bubbles. They say bubbles generally arise out of some combination of irrational exuberance, jumps forward in technology and financial deregulation, for which the connection between monetary conditions and the rise of bubbles is tenuous. However, the central bank is at the centre point in this debate. The recent crash in the stock market in Bangladesh is also associated with some policies of the central bank. The aim of this article is to analyse the following two aspects: (i) whether the monetary policy response was appropriate to the rise and the recent collapse of the bubble, and (ii) whether the behaviour of financial institutions was optimal to the policy response. Commercial banks have been involved heavily in the stock market business in the last few years. Allowing merchant banking has exaggerated the situation. They became the key player in the stock market. Undoubtedly, any policies to control banks' exposure to the stock market could have significant impact on the capital market. Monetary easing during last two or more years (money supply was more than 22 percent...
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...Academic supervisor: Dr. Abdlsalam Alhamad To begin with, Dr. Adel Sharkas claimed and addressed his case and point of view of the central bank of Jordan and its achievements and accomplishment. He also spoke about his personal life and how he became the person he is now. As an audience member, I was significantly inspired and ideas of what I can do to grow as a person flood into my thoughts. Background Moreover, Jordan set out preparations to establish the Central Bank of Jordan (CBJ) in the late 1950s. The Law of the CBJ was enacted in 1959. Thereafter, its operational procedures were commenced on the first day of October 1964. The CBJ succeeded the Jordan Currency Board which had been established in 1950. The capital of the CBJ, which is totally owned by the government, was increased gradually, from one million to 18 million Jordanian Dinars. The CBJ enjoys the status of an independent and autonomous corporate body, although its capital is owned entirely by the government. Objective The law establishing the CBJ stipulates that "the objectives of the Central Bank shall be to maintain monetary stability in the Kingdom, to ensure the convertibility of the Jordanian Dinar, and to promote the sustained growth of the Kingdom's economy in accordance with the general economic policy of the government." The most important objective of the central bank is to achieve the stability of the exchange rate is crucial for continuous economic growth; also the control of the inflation...
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...The Role of Central Banks We operate today in modern advanced economies which rely on a system of fiat money. The agency that controls this system is known as a central bank. A central bank has the power to increase and decrease the amount of currency made available in an economy. Furthermore, the set of actions that make this possible is called the monetary policy and there are different tools that central banks use to operate a stable economy. The two agencies which control the European monetary policy are called the European Central Bank and the Bank of England. In US, the central bank is called the Federal Reserve. This essay will provide fact and information to what extent central banks control our economy. Initially, central banks are important institutions of our advanced modern economy. Changes in the money supply can affect our economy when it comes to rate of inflation, unemployment, prices and production of goods. Because of the link between the amount of money in an economy and the inflation rate, central banks will act as a price guardian. Their policy is to keep the inflation rate as close to the inflation target as possible. For that reason, central banks are able to increase and decrease the available currency in an economy. Therefore, central banks should be seen as a guardian of inflation stability, rather than a guardian of price stability. There are several tools that central banks use to fulfil their role as a guardian of inflation stability to control...
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...Central Park Central Park, located in New York City is a public park designed for people to enjoy sightseeing, tours, exercising, or just plain relaxing. It is an attraction sight for many tourists as well as New Yorkers. According to the book “Central Park, An American Masterpiece” by Sara Cedar Miller, the eight hundred and forty three acres of land began construction in 1857 and won the title of being a National Historic Landmark since 1962. The park which is located in the center of Manhattan, starts from 59th street and extends all the way to 110th street. Based on Miller’s assertions, Central Park was designed by Frederick Law Olmsted, after he won a park design contest. Olmsted also received help from Calvert Vaux, who was an architect. When the first landscaped public park in the United States was initially created, it was an attraction for wealthy people; however, after the park’s decline, and post adding more attraction sites, the park became less elite. As a result, it became a place for everyone from tourists to residents all over New York. Frederick Law Olmsted is best known for creating Manhattan's Central Park with the help of architecture Calvert Vaux, according to Scott Kirkwood, author of “The Lay of the Land.” Kirkwood claims that Central Park gave Olmsted and Vaux an opportunity to use landscape design for a social purpose. He states, “The two believed that there is no beauty without utility and based their work on the "noble motive," which drove their...
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...Central Park Central Park was the first landscaped public park in the United States. Creating the park was intended for wealthy merchants and landowners. Just like the public grounds of London and Paris, it urged that New York needed a comparable facility to establish its international reputation. “In 1853 the state legislature authorized the City of New York to use the power of eminent domain to acquire more than 700 acres of land in the center of Manhattan.”1 During the nineteenth century the construction of Central Park was one of the most massive public works with over 20,000 workers on site. Through the years it has gone over countless facelifts and popularity the remarkable landmark has some breathtaking monuments and historic places in New York City. In Central Park there are plenty to see and do. “You'll come across historical buildings, statues, monuments, beautiful bridges, and of course plenty of nature.”2 Central Park Zoo,has exhibits divided into several regions such as a tropic zone and polar circle. Some of its popular attractions there include polar bears, snow leopards, red pandas and penguins. Just north of the Central Park Zoo is the Tisch Children's Zoo, where small children can see and touch domestic animals. Dairy, Victorian style cottage created in 1870. The picturesque building houses a Visitor Center where you can get maps, guides, gifts, and information on events that are planned in Central Park. There are a few...
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...Andrea Roberson PSY 351 Monstrous Methods for Teaching Central Tendency Concepts This article discusses a new creative approach to introducing central tendencies to students. It involves incorporating gaming techniques and concepts to make learning the new material fun and interactive. Math can be rather difficult for students of all ages. However, with this learning tactic, one may over look the difficulties and focus on the entertaining aspect. The “game” begins with the teaching of basic knowledge of central tendencies – mean, median, and mode. From there, students are introduced to the game and given a story about evil monsters and their means of survival. The story occurs in a dungeon and all the exits are blocked with monsters. There are three exits, each marked with the central tendency that describes the size of the monsters standing between that door and freedom. They are given an opportunity to choose from three doors marked mean, median, and mode with numerical values. There is no particular order the doors should be marked for each game. For example, door number one may be marked as “mode = 75” one game and marked as median = 7 for the next. Behind the door marked with “the mode” are many small monsters and a few giant monsters. Unfortunately, students who choose this door are typically eaten. It helps the students understand that the numeric value of the mode describes the different variety of creatures behind the door and which kind is most abundant behind...
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...Between Sentiment and Self-Interest: Turkey's Policy toward Azerbaijan and the Central Asian States Author(s): Philip Robins Reviewed work(s): Source: Middle East Journal, Vol. 47, No. 4 (Autumn, 1993), pp. 593-610 Published by: Middle East Institute Stable URL: http://www.jstor.org/stable/4328631 . Accessed: 14/11/2012 11:59 Your use of the JSTOR archive indicates your acceptance of the Terms & Conditions of Use, available at . http://www.jstor.org/page/info/about/policies/terms.jsp . JSTOR is a not-for-profit service that helps scholars, researchers, and students discover, use, and build upon a wide range of content in a trusted digital archive. We use information technology and tools to increase productivity and facilitate new forms of scholarship. For more information about JSTOR, please contact support@jstor.org. . Middle East Institute is collaborating with JSTOR to digitize, preserve and extend access to Middle East Journal. http://www.jstor.org This content downloaded by the authorized user from 192.168.72.230 on Wed, 14 Nov 2012 11:59:35 AM All use subject to JSTOR Terms and Conditions BETWEEN SENTIMENTAND SELF-INTEREST:TURKEY'S POLICY TOWARDAZERBAIJANAND THE CENTRALASIAN STATES Philip Robins HEN the new republics of CentralAsia and Azerbaijanbegan declaring theirindependencefromMoscow nearthe end of 1991,there was greatexcitement in certain Western circles about Turkey'sfuturerole in their development. Their bond was frequently mentioned, and...
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...Role of the Central Banks and their involvement with Government Fiscal Policy Introduction: The central bank is the public sector bank of a country which owned by the government and not by the private sector. It is responsible for major financial, economic status of a country. It is also responsible for various policies that control the economic situation of a county which includes the monetary and the fiscal policy which are intended to run a country with at a stable state of economy. The central bank has also has the responsibility for the issue of currency and also holds hold deposit it for other private sector banks. Examples of Central banks: The bank of Canada, Federal reserve, European central bank, the bank of England, The reserve bank of India etc. The Roles: Different central banks have some different goals but most of them have common goals. The major roles are setting up and marinating a monetary policy, fiscal policy and bank notes. These policies are created to maintain stability in an economy. Following the policy will intern takes its responsibility towards the next level by taking responsibility in maintaining price stability in an economy; it acts as the bank for the government. The central bank is the lender of loss resort and it controls the supply of money and taxation policies in an economy. It is responsible to monitor the banking system of the country. It controls the interest rates by buying selling of bonds, it also watches over the cash reserve...
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...Supervision of the banking system: Central bank supervises the banking system of the country. Central may be responsible for banking system. They collect information from commercial bank and take necessary decision by two ways- a) bank examine and b) bank regulation 2. Advising the government on monetary policy: The decision on monetary policy may be taken by the central bank. Monetary policy refers to interest rates and money supply. The central bank will corporate with the government on economic policy generally and will produce advice on monetary policy and economic matters, including all the statistics. 3. Issue of banknotes: The central bank controls the issue of banknotes and coins. Most payment these day do not involve cash but cheques, standing order, direct debit, credit cards and so on. Nevertheless, cash is important as bank's cash holdings are a constraint on creation of credit, as we have seen. 4. Acting as banker to other banks: The Central bank will act as banker to the other banks in the country. As well as holding accounts with international bodies like IMF World bank. It is a common habit for the central bank to insist that the other banks hold non-interest bearing reserves with in proportion to their deposit. 5. Acting as banker to government: Normally a central bank acts as the government's banker. It receives revenues for Taxes and other income and pay out money for t6he government's expenditure. Usually, it will not lend to the government...
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...Name: Ogayo Julius Muga Diploma in Business Management University of Nairobi BANKING & INSURANCE CENTRAL BANK A central Bank is a public institution that usually issues the currency, regulates the money supply, and controls the interest rates in a country. The central bank often also oversees the commercial Banking system within its country. A central Bank is distinguished from a normal commercial bank because it has a monopoly and creating the currency of that nation, which is usually that Nations legal tender. Central Bank of Kenya is the highest Banking institution in the country and responsible for ensuring the smooth working of banking sector and other financial institutions. Central Bank differs from commercial banks in that it does not engage in ordinary banking activities e.g. accepting deposits from the general public. It is owned by the government while commercial banks are owned by shareholders. CBK usually implements certain government policies. OBJECTIVES OF CENTRAL BANK OF KENYA i. To formulate and implement monetary policy directed to achieving and maintaining stability in the general level of prices. ii. The Bank fosters the liquidity, solvency and proper functions of a stable market based financial system. iii. Support the economic policy of the government including its objectives for growth and employment. iv. Formulate and implement foreign exchange policy v. Hold and manage its foreign exchange reserves. vi. License and...
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...Central limit theorem: Sample mean A soft drink company has recently received customer complaints about its one-liter-sized soft drink products. Customers have been claiming that the one-liter-sized products contain less than one liter of soft drink. The company has decided to investigate the problem. According to the company records, when there is no malfunctioning in the beverage dispensing unit, the bottles contain liters of beverage on average, with a standard deviation of liters. A sample of bottles has been taken to be measured from the beverage dispensing lot. The mean amount of beverage in these bottles was liters. Find the probability of observing a sample mean of liters or less in a sample of bottles, if the beverage dispensing unit functions properly. Carry your intermediate computations to at least four decimal places. Round your answer to at least three decimal places. Central limit theorem: Sample meanA soft drink company has recently received customer complaints about its one-liter-sized soft drink products. Customers have been claiming that the one-liter-sized products contain less than one liter of soft drink. The company has decided to investigate the problem. According to the company records, when there is no malfunctioning in the beverage dispensing unit, the bottles contain liters of beverage on average, with a standard deviation of liters. A sample of bottles has been taken to be measured from the beverage dispensing lot. The mean amount of beverage...
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...Affecting the Problems C. Solution 1. Role of Government** III. Agricultural Events A. Festivities AGRICULTURE IN CENTRAL ASIA I. Agricultural Background of Central Asia A. Climate * Very dry climatic conditions * Hot summers and cool winters (much sunshine and very little precipitation) B. Land Use * Majority of the region consists desert land * Only 20% of the land is arable and is suitable for agricultural use C. Agriculture Practices (Process and products) 1. Animal Husbandry >Animal Herds (Cattle and Sheep) * Animals are one of the important exchange commodities – aside from their transportation use; they are also used for wool and skins production * herds provide food such as meat and dairy products, wool and leather from which to make clothes and all kinds of other household items such as felts, quilts, pillows, and mattresses. Minor animals: Chickens, goats, and pigs are also raised. 2. Farming - Almost all the sown agricultural land is under irrigation because of its arid climate. >Wheat >Cotton Plantation Other crops or agricultural products: (Minor products) citrus fruits, dates, figs, melons, pomegranates, olives, sugarcane, sesame and pistachios. II. Problems A. Rebel Activities Collectivization, Privatization -The Central Asian countries including Kazakhstan, Kyrgyz Republic,...
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