...Aviation Aviation and Transportation Security Act Abstract The passage of the Aviation and Transportation Security Act (ATSA) in 2001 changed the way the aviation industry operated and how passengers travel. The ATSA forced the US Government and aviation to change its security culture to ensure protection of passengers and employees from future attacks like those that occurred on September 11, 2001. The ATSA was passed and signed into law in direct response to the security vulnerabilities that surfaced during the 9/11 attacks. This paper will demonstrate how the ATSA affected how US Government agencies and aviation industry upgraded security processes in an effort to prevent terrorists from attacking the US in the future. Aviation and Transportation Security Act After the September 11, 2001 terrorist attacks, the United States Congress turned its focus towards tightening airport security by voting to standardize airport security nationwide. Before 9/11, airport security was the responsibility of airports and contracted security services utilizing unskilled passenger and baggage screener personnel. Screeners where overworked and received a minimum wage average salary. Many mistakes caused by inadequate employee security training created numerous security vulnerabilities throughout the aviation industry. After the 9/11 attack, a federal government controlled, stricter, and more sweeping passenger and baggage screening replaced this flawed system. With the aid...
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...Invasive Security: Does it Work Bruno Gerardo Introduction to Canadian Aviation (MOS 1022F) Dr. Suzanne Kearns 23 November, 2011 Abstract On September 11, 2001, the world watched in terror as America was under attack. As a result of these events, the aviation industry was restructured to improve reliability and security of commercial air travel. Although the new security changes have improved the overall safety of air travel, concerns have been raised that the changes introduced are invasive to privacy, and are an infringement of individual rights. Biometric and advanced imaging technology have been criticized for this reason, however, they have been effective at preventing further terrorist attacks. The purpose of this paper is to analyze the security measures that have been introduced as a result of September 11th 2001, and evaluate the effectiveness of the changes and how they impact both safety and privacy. Keywords: Biometrics, Advanced imaging technology, September 11 Invasive Security: Does it Work On September 11, 2001, the world watched in terror as America was under attack. Early that morning, four commercial airliners departed from Newark and Boston with arrivals at San Francisco and Los Angeles were taken over by nineteen hijackers (National Commission, 2004). Two of these aircrafts collided with the Twin Towers in New York City resulting in the destruction of both buildings. An additional aircraft flew into the Pentagon in Washington D.C, and...
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...Office of Inspector General AVIATION INDUSTRY PERFORMANCE A Review of the Aviation Industry, 2008–2011 Number: CC-2012-029 Date Issued: September 24, 2012 Memorandum U.S. Department of Transportation Office of the Secretary of Transportation Office of Inspector General Subject: INFORMATION: Aviation Industry Performance: A Review of the Aviation Industry, 2008–2011 Controlled Correspondence No. 2012-029 Calvin L. Scovel III Inspector General The Secretary Acting Federal Aviation Administrator Assistant Secretary for Aviation and International Affairs Date: September 24, 2012 From: To: Since its inception, the aviation industry has undergone significant transformations as a result of technological developments, economic pressures, and other factors. Most recently, economic recession and recurrent high fuel costs have challenged U.S. airlines, which have taken a number of actions to lower costs and increase revenue—including capacity reductions, fare increases, baggage fees, and mergers. Beginning in 2002, the Office of Inspector General has issued periodic reports regarding the performance of the aviation industry. This report, the 11th in the series, focuses primarily on industry performance during the 2008–2011 period and summarizes long-term trends since 2000. This report also highlights issues related to changes in airlines’ business environment, the industry’s reactions to those changes, and the impact of these actions on the traveling public...
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...AVIATION TERRORISM Thwarting High-Impact Low-Probability Attacks TERRORISME AÉRIEN Contrecarrer des attaques improbables à impacts élevés A Thesis Submitted to the Division of Graduate Studies of the Royal Military College of Canada by Jacques Duchesneau, C.M., C.Q., C.D. In Partial Fulfillment of the Requirements for the Degree of Doctor of Philosophy April 2015 ©Jacques Duchesneau © This thesis may be used within the Department of National Defence but copyright for open publication remains the property of the author. ROYAL MILITARY COLLEGE OF CANADA COLLÈGE MILITAIRE ROYAL DU CANADA DIVISION OF GRADUATE STUDIES AND RESEARCH DIVISION DES ÉTUDES SUPÉRIEURES ET DE LA RECHERCHE This is to certify that the thesis prepared by / Ceci certifie que la thèse rédigée par JACQUES DUCHESNEAU, C.M., C.Q., C.D. AVIATION TERRORISM Thwarting High-Impact Low-Probability Attacks complies with the Royal Military College of Canada regulations and that it meets the accepted standards of the Graduate School with respect to quality, and, in the case of a doctoral thesis, originality, / satisfait aux règlements du Collège militaire royal du Canada et qu'elle respecte les normes acceptées par la Faculté des études supérieures quant à la qualité et, dans le cas d'une thèse de doctorat, l'originalité, for the degree of / pour le diplôme de PHILOSOPHIÆ DOCTOR IN WAR STUDIES Signed by the final examining committee: / Signé par les membres du comité examinateur...
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...Introduction. In the following discussion I will be detailing the various changes that have taken place regarding aircraft and airport security and regulation as a result of the horrific terrorist attacks on 11 September, 2001. This day was perhaps the single most influencial day in aviation since the advent of flight at Kitty Hawk in 1903. September 11th brought to light many vulnerabilities present in the modern air travel system. The attacks also changed the way the world approaches air travel and the safety issues present when traveling by aircraft. The September 11th attacks showed that crime targeting mass casualties had become an epidemic that had spread to our vital transportation system (1). Air travel plays an important role in the...
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...Environmental effects of Aviation Environmental effects of Aviation Jaydeep Abhyankar MBA-1037 Jaydeep Abhyankar MBA-1037 Table of Contents No. | Content | Page No. | 1 | Introduction | 3 | 2 | Aviation and the Environment | 4 | 3 | Noise | 5 | 4 | Air Quality | 10 | 5 | Climate Change | 13 | 6 | Economic Implications on Dubai | 15 | 7 | Recommendations | 16 | 8 | References | 18 | Introduction Aviation is an integral part of our lives and our local economies. Aviation is one of the fastest growing industries with an expected passenger growth of 5.1% annually by 2030(Boeing). Looking at the strong demand and growth the industry is helping our economies to grow but at the same time it has an increasing effect on the environment. Over the years the fuel efficiency has increased dramatically by improved aircraft design and cleaner fuel. In spite of the more efficient burning of fuel and taking measures to reduce the emissions it is very important to minimize them. Because the aircraft flies at higher altitudes the emissions affect on the higher and lower stratosphere. The governments and the aviation authorities are imposing strict norms and regulations to mitigate the damage. This will have an adverse effect on the businesses. Especially schemes like ETS, it’s going to cost a lot of money to the airline operators to fly to and from EU. Hence as aviation professionals we need to look at this issue as a 2 way campaign which will save money and the...
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... Table of Content 1 Abstract 3 2 Introduction 3 3 HISTORY OF THE WORLD AIR transport 3 3.1 How it all began 3 3.2 ICAO and IATA-history and reality 4 4 Air Transportation and the Environment 5 4.1 Demand for Air Transport 5 4.2 Environmental Impact of Aviation 7 4.3 CO2 emissions per passenger kilometer 7 4.4 Aircraft Water Emission 9 4.5 Nitrogen Oxides 9 4.6 Impact of Aviation on Biodiversity 10 4.7 Noise Emissions and its impact on humans as well as biodiversity 11 5 Cost of Aviation on certain examples 11 5.1 Aviation Cost for exotic flowers 11 5.2 The Berlin Airport Fiasco 12 6 Historical Trends in Aircraft Transport 13 7 Conclusion 14 8 Table of Figures 15 9 Sources 15 1 Abstract The following Assignment has the topic of showing the history of aviation and within this showing the environmental impact of aviation. Due to this the history is shown and in addition different types of problems connected to aviation such as carbon oxide and greenhouse gases are explained. At last there is an introduction in data’s showing aviation in its beginning as a mass transport and now. 2 Introduction Transportation - one of the most important sectors of the economy, performing the function of a kind of circulatory system in a complex organism. It not only meets the needs of the economy and population in the transportation, but also together...
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...Today, women of the 82nd Combat Aviation Brigade continue changing the face of the battlefield by joining the fight as combat aviators, crew chiefs, and helicopter mechanics, showcasing their skills and leadership abilities. Lt. Col. Gail E. Atkins, commander, 122nd Aviation Support Battalion, 82nd CAB, is no stranger to the changing role of women in combat aviation. The Westchester, Pa., native has served for almost 18 years as a UH-60 Black Hawk helicopter pilot. “We are seeing an evolution with regard to women in combat roles, in how our skills have evolved and how we are exploiting those skills,” Atkins said. “In aviation, we went through this back in 93’, when the military opened up attack aviation to women, so we are 15 years ahead of the curve in aviation compared to where our other branches are.” Throughout her career, Atkins has seen an increase in number of women who serve alongside her. “I have an all female staff right now and it’s just the way it has worked out. But I think it is indicative of the number of women who are joining the service,” Atkins said. Other women have seen changes in their career fields since joining the Army, including Chief Warrant Officer 2 Laura G. Dye a UH-60M Black Hawk pilot, 2nd Aviation Assault Battalion, 82nd CAB. She began her career eight years ago as an enlisted field artillery soldier. “I always knew I wanted to join the Army but I never had aspirations to be a pilot or work in aviation,” Dye said. “So, when I...
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...Contents South West Airlines 4 Goals and Objectives 5 Their Mission and Vision Statement 5 Strengths 6 Weaknesses 6 Opportunities 8 Threats 8 Analyzing company’s external environment 9 Analyzing the nature and strength of competitive forces 11 Competitive pressure stemming from bargaining power of buyer: 16 Determining whether the collective strength of the five competitive forces is conductive to good profitability: 17 Competitive pressure from seller of substitute products 18 Sign that competition from substitute is strong 19 Competitive pressure stunning from supplier bargaining power 20 PESTEL ANALYSIS 24 SCENARIO PLANNING 56 SCENARIO NO.1 58 SCENARIO NO.2 59 SCENARIO NO.3 59 SCENARIO NO.4 60 SCENARIO NO.5 60 SCENARIO NO.6 60 SCENARIO NO.7 61 SCENARIO NO.8 61 Competitors Objectives 62 Competitor's Current Strategy 63 Competitor's Resources and Capabilities 64 Competitor’s Assumptions 66 Regional Factors 67 Value chain activities: 68 Key competitive advantages: 72 Solutions: 82 Weights of Key success factors in five airlines: 86 COMPETITIVE ADVANTAGE 92 FIVE GENERIC COMPETITIVE STRATEGIES: 92 LOW COST PROVIDER STRATEGIES: 92 DIFFERENTIATION STRATEGIES: 95 BEST-COST PROVEDER STRATEGIES: 96 FOCUS (MARKET NICHE) STRATEGY: 96 STRATEGIC ALLIANCE AND PARTNERSHIP: 97 MERGER AND ACQUISITION STRATEGIES. 98 VERTICAL INTEGRATION. 98 OUTSOURSING. 98 OFFENSIVE...
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...THE AIRLINE INDUSTRY is in deep crisis. Losing over 100,000 jobs since September 11, 2001, and suffering major wage and benefit cuts, workers are in shock and looking for new leadership. The recent U.S. invasion and occupation of Iraq, the outbreak of the SARS epidemic and the economic downturn exacerbate the impact of the crisis on labor. Airline workers are in the forefront of discussions about their own industry and more general questions as political and social consciousness changes under the impact of the restructuring crisis. These experiences are valuable for all workers. While 9/11 and subsequent events greatly worsened the crisis, the dire state of this industry pre-dated the 9/11 attacks. The major carriers were losing millions of dollars and facing possible bankruptcy filings because of broken business models that were no longer profitable. In the capitalist system that generally means businesses fold. Bankruptcy as a Weapon Government aid still flows to the airlines, as it did after 9/11. But Wall Street and Washington are pushing the restructuring process. Meanwhile some important facts indicate the depth of the crisis and the challenge facing rank-and-file workers and their unions. Last summer US Airways, the seventh largest carrier, filed for bankruptcy and began slashing jobs, wages and benefits. It emerged from bankruptcy in the spring as a smaller carrier with lower labor costs than most of its competitors, but US Airways is still not out of turbulent...
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...Before 9/11, airport security was not as tightly as controlled. It was only when the lives of nearly 3,000 people including 19 terrorist on September 11th that created a major worldwide change in the way that airport security should be perceived. Prior to 9/11, there were major problems in airport security that terrorist saw and took advantage of to enable them to successfully commit the terrorist attack. Despite all the changes to airport security since 9/11, airport security has been one of the key concerns for airport management ever since. Airliners are still a favourable target for terrorist and one effective way to stop terrorist is firstly from the measures implemented in airport security. The tragic events of 9/11 have certainly provided...
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...Aviation Industry Prepared by Madhulika Appasani The Indian Aviation Industry has been going through a turbulent phase over the past several years facing multiple headwinds – high oil prices and limited pricing power contributed by industry wide over capacity and periods of subdued demand growth. At the industry level, long term viability also requires return of pricing power through better alignment of capacity to the underlying demand growth. Aviation Industry Indian hospitality sector contributes 8-9 percent of the country’s GDP. The sector encompasses travel and tourism and major segments that fall under this category include accommodation and catering (hotels, restaurants), transportation (cruise, railway, rentals, airline companies), travel agencies and tour operators. The tourism and hospitality sector together contributed US $32.7bn in 2011, and registered a CAGR of 13 percent. Currently, India has 114,000 hotel rooms, which stands 150,000 rooms short in meeting the current requirement. Thus, the growth opportunity for this sector is immense, but is tangled with challenges across parallel sectors and the overall economy. According to estimates provided by World Travel & Tourism Council (WTTC), contribution of travel and tourism to nation’s GDP will grow consistently in the next decade though this growth opportunity will be closely linked to the growth of India’s hotel and restaurant business. Structure of Indian Aviation Industry: ECO 561 – IMT Hyderabad ...
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...Development Institute Gurgaon 122 001 May, 2012 Executive Summary The project aims at to analyze the Indian Aerospace Industry and try to find out through secondary research the growth prospective of the same. Cobham has many capabilities that could be exploited to supply equipments and spares for the MRO (maintenance, repair and overhaul) industry in India. So we used the various reports and predictions available at the websites of Airport Authority of India, Directorate General of Civil Aviation, Ministry of Civil Aviation and websites of various airlines and MRO companies to understand the market dynamics. We came across various difficulties faced by them and also saw various opportunities lurking round the corner. We tried to estimate the fleet size of various airlines and the expected growth in next five years. Also the focus was given on the Non-Scheduled operators as their numbers is rising at a lightening pace. We also had the projections made by Ministry of civil aviation about the growth of passenger volumes in the future, and all the future growths were aligned to each other. And all this growth in the commercial aerospace market will be a driving force for the MRO industry and hence market for Cobham will increase. Many foreign companies in MRO sector have already started to enter Indian market through joint-ventures with domestic firms. After analyzing the future of MRO industry, we tried to lay a path for Cobham for its future...
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...9/11 was one of the most known national tragedies in the United States. According to the Washington Post, more than two-hundred and sixty three government policies were either created or reorganized following the attacks. The newspaper found that more than twelve hundred government policies plus organizations and nineteen hundred private companies do work related to counter-terrorism, homeland security, and intelligence ("9/11 to Now: Ways We Have Changed"). At 9:05 A.M. President Bush is sitting in the second-grade class when a man named Andrew Card tells him that another plane has struck the twin towers. By 9:12 A.M. President Bush leaves the school and is already in touch with New York officials as well as the Vice President, Dick Cheney...
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...Exploring Corporate Strategy CLASSIC CASE STUDIES Chaos in the skies – the airline industry pre- and post-9/11 Gary J. Stockport The case provides an opportunity to analyse the Airline Industry both pre- and post-9/11. It shows how one major event in the business environment can reshape many aspects in both the macro and competitive environment of an industry. In turn this requires a reshaping of strategies for most of the individual companies in the industry in order to cope with this new environment. It also provides an opportunity for students to recommend how airlines might better plan for, as well as react to, disruptive events such as 9/11 happening in the future. ● ● ● This is a true story from the many stories of 11 September 2001. It was a typically routine early morning flight home. United flight 890 had left Narita Japan several hours earlier, and the sun would be coming up any minute. Captain Jim Hosking was looking forward to getting home to see his wife in LA. Suddenly a message from the cockpit teleprinter came in from the US Federal Aviation Authority (FAA). Such messages were routine, advising of bad weather or maintenance requirements. However, this message was different and it read: UA890 NRTLAX – –MESSAGE FROM CHIDD– THERE HAS BEEN A TERRORIST ATTACK AGAINST UAL AND AAL AIRCRAFT. WE ARE AT HIGH ALERT. WE ARE ADVDa THERE MAY BE ADDTLb HIGHJACKINGS IN PROGRESS. SHUT DOWN ALL ACCESS TO FLIGHT DECK. UNABLE TO ELABORATE FURTHER. a b ADVD – Advised...
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