Chapter 1:
12) a. Equal- interval- variable that have constant, equal distances between values, but the zero is arbitrary. An example is a pain scale 1-10. b. Rank-order- a variable in which the numbers stand only for relative ranking. An example could be a birth order, child #1, child #2, child #3 and so on. c. Nominal- a variable that is not a number and the values are names or categories. An example would be abnormal psychology and the values would be: PTSD, anxiety, Depression, schizophrenia, etc. d. Ratio-scale- a number scale that has an absolute zero point. An example would be the amount of men who buy new cars to the amount of women who buy new cars. e. Continuous-in theory an infinite number of values between any two values. An example would be, “How far along are you in your pregnancy?” The answer would be a specific amount, say 2 to 3 months. It could also be answered 2.5 months.
19) a. Bimodal- An example of bimodal distribution would be studying the average age of elementary girls who play Little League softball. The data could show that out of 20 elementary girls there were 6 that were the age 8 and 10 that were the age 12 and the rest were between 9 and 11. The bimodal distribution would show 2 bumps, one to state that the average age was 8 and the other hump would state that the average age was 12. b. Approximately rectangular- all subjects have an equal probability of happening. An example is a six-sided die, each number has a 1 in 6 chance of being rolled.
21) a. The question was asked, “How much competition does this group face from other groups with similar goals for members and other resources?” then you would use a table graph to show the answer, no competition, some competition and a lot of competition, the percentage of each and the number of lobbyists. b. The general meaning is that out