Chapter 2 answers

Q1:

Ans.:

Hallmark of scientific research is criteria must be in the researcher who want to offer a delight research and it is consist of tow mail categories:

1- Basic character: * Purposiveness: where we have clear defined variables. * Rigor: where we follow sharp and methodological method. * Testability: where we have a clear hypothetical statement contain all variables * Precision and confidence: closing the finding to the reality. * Objectivity: link all the steps in logical and honest way and interrupt the data according to the finding not to the hypothesis. 2- Hallmark character: * Replicability: where the model can be replicable into other studies . * Generalizability: where the model can use in a vary ways and could be a concept or a theory.

Q2:

Ans.:

They are as the follow: example (a drop in sales objective)

1- Identify abroad problem area: like a drop in sales objectives. 2- Define the problem statement: by collecting some date from observation or through some literatures review. 3- Develop hypothesis: where we write all the variable and try to examine. (framework) 4- Determine measures: where we measure all variables. 5- Data collection: where we collect all the data about our research objectives. 6- Data analysis: where we analysis this data using statically techniques. 7- Data interpretation: where we conclude that our data are matches with our hypotheses or not.

Q3:

Ans.:

All of them doing both of applied and and basic research where it depends on the objective of their research where it is for solving a specific problem as applied research or for create a knowledge as a basic research.

Q4:

Ans.:

Deductive method (deductive reasoning):

Where we start with general theory and then apply the theory to specific case (applied