...CHAPTER 4 Accrual Accounting Concepts Study Objectives 1. Explain the revenue recognition principle and the matching principle. 2. Differentiate between the cash basis and the accrual basis of accounting. 3. Explain why adjusting entries are needed, and identify the major types of adjusting entries. 4. Prepare adjusting entries for deferrals. 5. Prepare adjusting entries for accruals. 6. Describe the nature and purpose of the adjusted trial balance. 7. Explain the purpose of closing entries. 8. Describe the required steps in the accounting cycle. 9. Understand the causes of differences between net income and cash provided by operating activities. 10. Describe the purpose and the basic form of a worksheet. Summary of Questions by Study Objectives and Bloom’s Taxonomy |Item | | 1. | | 1. | | 1. | | 1. ...
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...RECOGNITION OF ASSETS Accountants define assets as resources that a firm owns or controls as a result of past business transactions, and which are expected to produce future economic benefits that can be measured with a reasonable degree of certainty. Distortions in asset values generally arise because there is ambiguity about whether: * The firm owns or controls the economic resources in question: * Are the ventures controlled? * Are the leased assets owned by the lessee or the lessor? * Have the revenues resulting in the receivables been earned? * The economic resources are likely to provide future economic benefits that can be measured with reasonable certainty. * the economic benefits from research and development are generally considered highly uncertain * If all firms expense R&D, financial statements will reflect differences in R&D success only when new products are commercialized rather than during the development process (less timely). The analyst may attempt to correct for this distortion by capitalizing key R&D outlays and adjusting the value of the intangible asset based on R&D updates. * The fair values of assets fall below their book values. * An asset is impaired when its fair value falls below its book value. An impairment loss is recognized when book value exceeds the greater of its net selling price and the discounted cash flows expected to be generated from future use. * Markets...
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...Chapter 4: ABC Practice Problems Warner Inc. sells a high-speed retrieval system for mining information. It provides the following information for the year. | Budgeted | Actual | Overhead cost | $1,000,000 | $950,000 | Machine hours | 50,000 | 45,000 | Direct labor hours | 100,000 | 92,000 | | | What is the predetermined overhead rate based on machine hours? Estimated MOH = $1,000,000 = $20/MH Est. activity base 50,000 Machine hours (MH) If the company used a predetermined OH rate based on direct labor hours(LH), how much was the overhead over or under applied? POR=Predetermined Overhead Rate $1,000,000 = $10/LH POR x actual activity usag = $10 x 92,000 LH’s = $920,000 OH applied 100,000 LH’s MOH JE actual | applied | $950,000 | $920,000 | $30,000 under-applied Hollins, Inc., a manufacturer of computer chips, employs activity-based costing. The budgeted data for each of the activity cost pools is provided below for the year 2014. Activity Cost Pools | Estimated Overhead | Expected Use of Cost Drivers per Activity | Ordering and receiving | $ 90,000 divided by | 12,000 | Orders =$7.50/order | Machining | 480,000 divided by | 60,000 | machine hours =$8/MH | Soldering | 1,760,000 divided by | 440,000 | labor hours =$4/LH | | | For 2014, the company had 11,000 orders and used 50,000 machine hours, and labor hours totaled 500,000. What is the total...
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... prepared after this business combination? A. $0 B. $25,000 C. $70,000 D. $45,000 2. On December 31, 20X9, Add-On Company acquired 100 percent of Venus Corporation's common stock for $300,000. Balance sheet information Venus just prior to the acquisition is given here: At the date of the business combination, Venus's net assets and liabilities approximated fair value except for inventory, which had a fair value of $60,000, land which had a fair value of $125,000, and buildings and equipment (net), which had a fair value of $250,000. 3. Based on the information provided, what amount of inventory will be included in the consolidated balance sheet immediately following the acquisition? A. $60,000 B. $75,000 C. $15,000 D. $45,000 4. Based on the information provided, what amount of goodwill will be included in the consolidated balance sheet immediately following the acquisition? A. $30,000 B. $15,000 C. $85,000 D. $45,000 Based on the information provided, what amount will be included as investment in Venus Corporation in the consolidated balance sheet immediately following the acquisition? A. $0 B. $395,000 C. $255,000 D. $300,000 5. Enya Corporation acquired 100 percent of Celtic Corporation's common stock on January...
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...Chapter 4 DQ’s 1. Overhead costs are not directly related to production volume, therefore cannot be traced to units of product in the same way that DM and DL can. 2. Plantwide Rate, Departmental Rate, and Activity-Based Costing 3. These measures are usually readily available in most manufacturing settings and are closely related to volume-bases measures. 4. It is easier to use, only one rate to be allocated to all products. 5. Overhead costs are logically related to the base used to determine the rate and all costs are consumed by products in the same proportions. 6. A cost object is anything to which costs would be assigned. (Units of Product, Product Lines, Departments, Activities, and Projects. 7. If not all overhead costs are related to the base and if products consume resources in different proportions, some products will be assigned too much overhead costs and some too little. 8. Departmental Overhead Rates are more accurate because they reflect the costs of each driver in various departments. With a plantwide overhead rate, some important cost differences would be lost due to the lumping of all costs into one rate. 9. Departmental and Plantwide overhead rates can be similar in the fact that they pool together costs that could be incurred differently. They differ because the departmental rates recognize differences among departments and assign overhead to products based on the driver that makes the most sense for each department...
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...Problem 5-37 (1) Machine setups 5 setups x $2,000 = $10,000 Raw materials 10,000 pounds x $2.00 = 20,000 Hazardous materials 2,000 pounds x $5.00= 10,000 Inspections 10 inspections x $75.00= 750 Machine hours 500 machine hours x $10= 5,000 Total $45,750 (2) Overhead cost per box $45,750/1,000 = $45.75 (3) Single predetermined rate $625,000/20,000 = $31.25 (4a) Raw material 10,000 pounds x $2 = $20,000 Machine hours 500 machine hours x $10 = 5,000 Budgeted overhead 500 machine hours x $31.25 = 15,625 $40,625 (b) Per box of chemicals $40,625/1,000 = $40.63 (5) These two product costing systems result in such widely differing costs because of the inaccuracy of the traditional single volume based overhead rate. The use of machine hours in the pre-determined rate does not reflect the usage of other activities during production. I would recommend the activity based costing system because of the accuracy of costs for each product, and it results in much better control over overhead costs. (6) Problem 5-38 (1) Machine setups 3 setups x $2,000 = $6,000 Raw material 900 pounds = 1,800 Hazardous material 300 pounds = 1,500 Inspections 3 inspections = 225 Machine hours 50 machine hours = 500 Total $10,025 $10,025/100 = $100.25 + $120 +$40 = $260.25 (2) Problem 5-35 (1) Type A predetermined overhead rate: Direct material...
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...CHAPTER 1: Exercise 14 If Ken stayed open on Saturdays, the added income would be $130,000 per year ($2,500 x 52), while the additional costs are shown to be $1,000 ($700 + $500 + $100 + $200). Using these two figures, we can calculate the opportunity cost (the loss from an opportunity not taken), which would be $1,500 ($2,500 - $1,000). To me, this says that Ken should keep his shop open on Saturday’s. Rent or depreciation of office equipment do not need to be calculated because these are fixed costs. They would not change regardless of how many days his shop is open nor his shops production. Also, rent of course would not change if his shop stays open on Saturday’s because rent covers the whole month. Problem 2 a.) If we reference 1-1 so we can see the production costs, we need to add the ingredient costs of $20,000 + labor costs of $12,000, totaling $32,000. Then divide that by the number of jars that actually produced (25,000). This equals $1.28/one jar of salsa. The incremental cost is calculated as follows: $1.28 x 50,000 (extra jars of salsa) = $64,000. b.) The revenue started out at $1,625,000 (325,000 jars x $5.00), while the new revenue would be $1,725,000 (375,000 x $4.60). After calculating the difference, we can see that the incremental revenue after the reduction of price would be $100,000 ($1,725,000 - $1,625,000). c.) Yes, he should lower the price of its salsa. Problem 4 a.) On page 6 of our text book, we learn about the Management...
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...Intermediate Accounting III – Entire Course http://hwguiders.com/downloads/acct-312-intermediate-accounting-iii-entire-course/ ACCT 312 Intermediate Accounting III Complete Homework Sets ACCT 312 Week 1 Homework Chapter 16, Exercise 16-3, 16-5, 16-10,16-22 ACCT 312 Week 2 Homework Chapter 17, Exercise 17-5, 17-10, 17-12, 17-15 ACCT 312 Week 3 Homework Chapter 18, Exercise 18-5, 18-11, 18-13, 18-19 ACCT 312 Week 4 Homework Chapter 19, Exercise 19-2, 19-5, 19-10, 19-17 ACCT 312 Week 5 Homework Chapter 20, E20-1, E20-10, E20-17, E20-24 ACCT 312 Week 6 Homework Chapter 21, E21-14, E21-21, P21-4] ACCT 312 Week 7 Homework Problems P21-5, P21-6 ACCT 312 Intermediate Accounting III Complete Quizzes ACCT 312 Week 1 Quiz 1. (TCO 1) Which causes a temporary difference between taxable and pretax accounting income? 2. (TCO 1) Which difference between financial accounting and tax accounting ordinarily creates a deferred tax liability? 3. (TCO 1) Which temporary difference ordinarily creates a deferred tax asset? 4. (TCO 1) Under current tax law, a net operating loss may be carried forward up to 5. (TCO 1) Which causes a permanent difference between taxable income and pretax accounting income? ACCT 312 Week 2 Quiz 1. (TCO 2) Which causes a temporary difference between taxable and pretax accounting income? 2. (TCO 2) Which statement typifies defined contribution plans? 3. (TCO 2) Which is not a way of measuring the pension obligation? 4. (TCO...
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...during the course. ****************************************************************************** Learning Objectives This course will utilize a “hands on” approach for the recording and reporting of economic transactions. This course will provide students with a thorough understanding of the accounting process and its application and introduce students to audit, tax and GAAP and IFRS standard setting processes. Prerequisites: ACCT 2231 and ACCT2232 (or concurrent enrollment in ACCT2332) Mission of the Department of Accountancy and Taxation Prepare accounting graduates for leadership roles in the accounting profession; Conduct research that advances the body of accounting knowledge, and inevitably has implications on accounting practice; Perform service that leads to the efficient and effective practice of accounting. Objectives of the Department of Accountancy and Taxation Prepare its undergraduate students for graduate education or productive careers by establishing the foundations for life-long learning; Prepare its master-level students for positions of leadership in the accounting profession; Prepare its doctoral students for successful careers in accounting education and research; Develop innovative and effective instructional methods that...
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...| UCSI UNIVERSITYFACULTY OF BUSINESS AND INFORMATION SCINECE (FoBIS) | Teaching Plan 1. | Unit Code &Unit Title: | BA106 INTRODUCTORY ACCOUNTING | 2. | Course of Study: | BACHELOR OF ACCOUNTING AND FINANCE, BACHELOR OF ACCOUNTING, BACHELOR OF FINANCE AND INVESTMENTS | 3. | Year of Study: | 1 | 4. | Year and Semester: | JAN 2015 | 5. | Credit Hour & Contact Hours: | 3 credit hours Lecture: 3Tutorial: 3Practical: | 6. | Lecturer: | SHAKERIN ISMAIL | 7. | Tutor: | SHAKERIN ISMAIL | 8. | Mode of Delivery: | LECTURE, TUTORIAL | 9. | Objective: | This subject would enable the students: 1. To understand and appreciate of the accounting concepts and accounting practice. 2. To prepare the recording process and understand the whole accounting cycle. 3. To possess the technical ability in preparing basic financial statements. | 10. | Learning Outcome: | At the end of the course, students should be able to:Knowledge 1. Distinguish different forms of business and its reporting environment. 2. Explain the accounting principles and the role of accounting reports.Thinking Skills 3. Use accounting equation to analyse the economic effect of a transaction. 4. Use double entry system of accounting to record business transactions.Subject-based Practical Skills 5. Prepare trial balance. 6. Prepare adjusting entries and closing entries. 7. Prepare entry for special journals and subsidiary...
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...ACCOUNTING THEORY AND PRACTICE (FAR 600) Teaching and Learning Arrangements (SEMESTER: JAN 2007 – APRIL 2007) COURSE CODE : FAR 600 PROGRAM : BACHELOR OF ACCOUNTING (HONS) CREDIT HOURS : 4 CONTACT HOURS : 4 STATUS : CORE SYNOPSIS This financial accounting course exposes students to accounting theory, corporate accounting policies and financial reporting practices. The importance of history is introduced through a brief discussion on accounting history from both experiences of both western and Muslim Civilization. In understanding the theoretical framework of accounting, the various perspectives on financial accounting theory are examined with particular emphasis on their rationale and implications on accounting practice. General concepts of theory formulation are discussed and types of accounting perspectives and research are also introduced in this course. Corporate Accounting Policies are explained by the development of the Conceptual Framework and the Importance of a Regulatory Environment. The Standard Setting process in Malaysia is discussed. An analytical approach of the accounting standards is adopted by examining the recognition, measurement, disclosure and presentation of accounting information is discussed. Significant emphasis is placed on Asset Measurement, Nature of Liabilities, Types of Equity, Recognition of Revenue and Income Finally contemporary accounting practices and...
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... audited and complete. Instructor Explanation: Chapter 1 Points Received: 0 of 4 Comments: 2. Question : (TCO1) The largest organization of professional accountants in the United States is the: Student Answer: Financial Accounting Standards Board. Securities and Exchange Commission. American Institute of Certified Public Accountants. Auditing Standards Board. Instructor Explanation: Chapter 1 Points Received: 4 of 4 Comments: 3. Question : (TCO 1) The acronym GAAP stands for: Student Answer: generally acceptable authorized pronouncements. government authorized accountant principles. generally accepted accounting principles. government audited accounting pronouncements. Instructor Explanation: Chapter 1 Points Received: 4 of 4 Comments: 4. Question : (TCO1) The going-concern concept of accounting: Student Answer: enables accountants to ignore the effect of inflation in the accounting records. holds that the entity will remain in operation for the foreseeable future. maintains that each organization or section of an organization stands apart from other organizations and individuals. ensures that accounting records and statements are based on the most reliable data available. Instructor Explanation: Chapter 1 Points Received: 4 of 4 Comments: 5. Question : (TCO 1) Revenues are: ...
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...The final exam consists of 100 multiple-choice questions from the information presented in Chapter 1 through Chapter 13. Each question is worth 2.5 points. This study guide indicates the items you should review before taking the exam. GOOD LUCK! CHAPTER 1 1. Know the 3 forms of business entities 2. Know the definitions of revenues and expenses 3. Know the difference between internal and external users 4. FASB – responsible for GAAP (accounting principles) 5. Accounting Equation 6. Know the 3 activities that business engage in and give examples of each activity. (These 4 questions also relate to Chapter 12, The Statement of Cash Flows) 7. The International Accounting Standards Board is responsible for developing a single set of worldwide accountings standards (IFRS). 8. These standards will help companies to reduce accounting costs, make it easier to acquire foreign companies, and facilitate comparisons between foreign companies. 9. Know the primary objective of financial reporting 10. What makes information relevant? 11. Financial information should be understandable to whom 12. Balance Sheet – lists assets, liabilities and owners’ equity 13. Income Statement – revenues minus expenses equal net income 14. Net Income = Revenues - Expenses 15. Assets are recorded at historical/original cost because it is objective and verifiable CHAPTER 2 1. Review various source documents. Source documents indicate a transaction has occurred...
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...BYU-IDAHO ACCOUNTING 201 FINANCIAL ACCOUNTING Instructor: Brother G. Lee Saathoff | Office: Smith 410 | Class Hours: As posted on WebRoom: As posted on Web | Phone: 496-3853 OfficeEmail: saathoffl@byui.edu | Required Materials:Financial Accounting, 7th edition, by Kimmel, Weygandt, and Kieso with WileyPlusSuggested Materials:4-Function CalculatorComposition Notebook | Instructor schedule posted outside office door or online at:http://web.byui.edu/Directory/Employee/saathoffl | Course Prerequisite Generally, students should have attained sophomore status (~30 credits) and have maintained at least a 2.5 GPA prior to enrolling in this course. Course Description and Objectives Description - This introductory course in financial accounting provides a basic foundation for other courses in accounting as well as in business and information processing. The course will include lectures, discussions relative to text assignments and problems, in class quizzes, and will emphasize basic accounting theory and practices. Homework will be done on-line in WileyPlus. Some will be reviewed in class, primarily in student groups, so that students may check their work and questions can be discussed and answered. Objectives – 1. Develop a working vocabulary of accounting terminology. 2. Gain an understanding and ability to work with accounting principles including, but not limited to, debits and credits, journalizing, posting, adjusting and closing entries/procedures, financial statements...
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... | COST ACCOUNTING AREA: CONTROL IMBA NUMBER OF SESSIONS: 20 PROFESSOR: SALVADOR CARMONA □ Ph.D (Accounting). Universidad de Sevilla. □ Last version, November 2006 COURSE DESCRIPTION A cost accounting system collects and classifies costs and assigns them to cost objects. The goal of a cost accounting system is to measure the cost of designing, developing, producing (or purchasing), selling, distributing, and servicing particular products or services. Cost allocation is at the heart of most accounting systems. Cost behavior -how the activities of an organization affect its costs- is also fundamental to cost accounting systems. The data provided by a cost accounting system is used for various purposes, which include product costing, planning and control, and decision making. This course mainly focuses on the first of these objectives -products costing. COURSE GOALS Students, as future managers, will utilize, at a minimum, the output of cost systems, which are the primary internal information systems in a firm. Students taking this course will gain an understanding of cost accounting systems, which includes a familiarization with: The goals of cost accounting systems; the fundamental features and design of cost accounting systems; and the various uses of the data provided by cost accounting decisions. A sound understanding of these issues is necessary to interpret cost accounting system outputs; to transform them from...
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