...Characteristics of Orientalism, Prejudice, and Discrimination Muslims and Arabs over the years have been placed in each other’s groups, but they are similar, but different. Muslims are a people embracing the religion, Islam, which means Muslims are part of a religious sector. Arabs are people who dwell or own the Arabian or Arab regions. This makes Arabs a nationality, where they speak Arabic and is free to choose whatever faith or religion they plan to follow. Muslims can have a native tongue or speak any language in the world; who knew these two groups were this different. After the terrorist’s attacks of 9/11, the United States placed policies that have targeted Arabs and Muslims. One new policy that was put in place was by the Department of State. The policy mandated that at 20-day hold be placed on all non-immigrant visa applications by men between the ages of 18-45 from 26 countries. All such applicants were subject to special security clearances. Another policy that was put in place was the changes in issuance of visitor’s visas. The policy awarded persons from special registration such as Iran, Iraq, Algeria, etc., visitor’s visas. The date indicates a 39% percent drop for these countries in 2002, and significant decreases for all special registration countries except Eritrea. No recognition of change over time in this groups and power relations are two characteristics of Orientalism. Orientalism and prejudice contribute to hate crimes against these groups because...
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...Characteristics of Orientalism, Prejudice, and Discrimination Many people confuse Arab and Muslims. Arabs are an ethnic group and Muslims are a religious group. Muslims are believers of the Islam faith. Most Arabs are not Muslims and most Muslims are not Arabs. Muslims cannot be identified by their nationality alone. Being an Arab does not mean that you are a follower of the Islam religion. An Arab is generally from the countries that are now the Arab world. This area is made up of 22 nations of North Africa and what is called the Middle East. Orientalism is defined by our text as the simplistic view of the people and history of the Orient with no recognition of change over time or the diversity within its many cultures (Schaefer, 2006, p. 284). An example of orientalism is that many people in the United States see a mosque as a foreign threat and not as a sign of religious freedom or diversity. Another example is the suggestion that there is a conflict between Christians and Muslims. After the 9/11 attack, the Department of Justice (DOJ) called in many Arab and Muslim immigrants for questioning. They also started a special registration program that targeted visitors from Arab and Muslim countries. These programs caused much suspicion towards Arabs and Muslims by the American citizens. There was a lot of racial profiling that went on towards Arabs and Muslims because of their ethnicity and religious preferences. They also caused the decline in the number of...
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...Characteristics of Orientalism, Prejudice, and Discrimination Checkpoint Muslims and Arabs are two completely different groups of people. Muslims refer to a religion; someone who follows the Islamic faith. Arabs are people who live in the Middle East, like: Africa and Arabia. Even though Arabs are associated with the Islamic faith, all Arabs are not Muslims and all Muslims are not Arabs. For instance, Muslims can be a person of many ethnicities: Americans, Asians, or Africans to name a few. Unfortunately, there were so many Islamic terrorist organizations in the world, where their violent attacks or threats on different nations made a lot of people discriminate against anyone who appeared to be Arab or Muslim. The United States has made many changes since the September 11, 2001 terrorist attack. The government made it harder for Muslims and Arabs to immigrate to the States, and also made it difficult to apply for citizenship or permanent residence. I agree with the changes that has been made because, I live in West Haven, Ct, which is 15 minutes away from where they found the terrorist group in Bridgeport, Ct in May of this year. It was a little too close for comfort. There was no telling what kind of damage would have happened if they didn’t get caught. If people want to immigrant to this country, it has to be for the right reasons and not for criminal activity. I feel individuals should educate themselves in different faiths and different ethnicities...
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...Characteristics of Orientalism, Prejudice, and Discrimination Cultural Diversity June 10, 2011 Characteristics of Orientalism, Prejudice, and Discrimination The difference between Muslims and Arabs is ethnicity and religion. Arab defines the ethnic group and Muslim defines the religion practiced by an individual devoted to that particular belief. Arab people do not always practice the Muslim religion and not all Muslims are Arab. According to research and news reports within the past 2 years, the only policy I found pertained to racial profiling that announced citizens of countries considered terrorist active countries would undergo additional screening at airports (Voice of America, 2010). President Obama has been involved in discussions with Arab and Muslim American groups, but no true progress has occurred to limit or stop the discrimination. Two characteristics of Orientalism are lumping Arab & Muslim people into the same category with no distinction for the ethnic and religious differences and the general stereotype that Arab and Muslim people are not modern. Orientalism and prejudice contributes to hate crimes against these people because of the misunderstanding of the difference between the distinct differences in the cultures of the ethnic group and the religious beliefs of the ethnic groups. Such a vague definition of people living in the Orient can lead to confusion about the different fanatical religious groups inhabiting land in the Orient. Individuals...
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...Characteristic of Orientalism, Prejudice, and Discrimination March 13, 2011 Explain the difference between Muslims and Arabs? The difference between Muslims and Arabs is that Muslims believe and follow the Islamic religion while Arabs are a group of people united by a single tongue, but are part of different ethnic groups. Muslims are the name give to those who believe in the prophet Mohammed, and follow the Islamic religions and encompass Islamic fundamentals. Arabs are a group of individuals who speak a common language but have no single religion. They are Christian Arabs, Islamic Arabs and even Jews Arabs. The reason why most people intertwine Muslims and Arabs is because most of Arabic territories have large population of Muslims. according to research and news reports within the past 2 years, what are some of the changes the United States has made to policies concerning the treatment of Muslim and Arabic members of society? The United State policy changes in regards to Muslims and Arabs are somewhat controversial. Since 911, the United State have establish policies that would allow the FBI to conduct investigations on any Muslims or Arabs living in the Unite State; if there is a fear that they are tied to terrorist. The policies have put innocent Muslims and Arabs on the FBI watch list and have made Muslims and Arabs a target for suspicion. List two to three characteristics of Orientalism. How may Orientalism and prejudice contribute to hate...
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...2012 Checkpoint Characteristics of Orientalism, Prejudice and Discrimination Nicci Eth/125 Cultural Diversity 2012 Checkpoint Characteristics of Orientalism, Prejudice and Discrimination Nicci Eth/125 Cultural Diversity Let’s think- What is the true difference? This to me is hard; I don’t like to distinguish all the differences between different races- because to me everyone is the same. The true difference between Muslims and Arabs is that Muslims are people who follow Islam, the religion and Arabs are people from Arabia typically. In my own opinion I would say Arabs are the ethnicity or race and Muslim is a religion. In the past 2 years, the policy changes that have occurred would be that the justice department policy change that would allow the FBI to investigate Americans without evidence of wrongdoing, relying instead on a terrorist profile that could single out Muslims and Arabs. Under this new guideline the FBI would be permitted to consider race and ethnicity when opening an investigation. This to me sometimes is still unfair and people are judgmental of Arabs and Muslims ever since 9/11. Which to me is sad and unfortunate because not everyone is a terrorist and just because of their religion or culture they are discriminated against more I believe. Two characteristics of Orientalism are Spirituality and its diversity in terms of people. These things create stereotypes amongst different people. Hate crimes stem from ignorance about a different culture...
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...Characteristics of Orientalism, Prejudice, and Discrimination Arabs and Muslims are the highest groups in numbers that migrate to the United States. A lot of people confuse the Arabs and Muslims as the same when in fact they have different characteristics. By researching more into Arabs and Muslims it is known that Arabs are an ethnic or cultural group and Muslims are a religious group. Both the Arabs and Muslims come from the Middle East and are subject to hate crimes and disapproving actions especially due to the events on 9/11. These people are subject to harassing atmospheres and discrimination. These people are discriminated in the working environment, airlines, and in publics’ eye. An example of this discrimination is the Patriotic Act our Government put in place. The measures created a fear that gripped the Muslim community I California and elsewhere following federal sweeps, round-ups, detentions of innocent Muslims, who had neither terrorist intentions nor any connection to terrorist organizations, said the report, drawn up at the request of Senator Liz Figeuroa (U.S. muslims took brunt of patriot act – senate report, n.d). The characteristics of Orientalism such as racial profiling and stereotyping can lead to hate crimes. Orientalism is defined as the simplistic view of the people and history of the Orient with no recognition of change over time or the diversity within its many cultures (Schafer, 2006). Hate crimes toward these people are very common because...
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...Orientalism James Berardino Canon Formation 2B: Orientalism Final Copy Orientalism can be best defined as an ill-conceived notion that befalls the ignorant and misconstrues their perception of most, if not all, people belonging to a race or ethnic group that is different than their own. It does so in a manner that perpetuates the perception of individuals from different races, cultures or ethnicities as grotesque, frightening or somehow inferior in the eyes of individuals who have already completely assimilated themselves culturally into the pre-existing social strata of the region in which they inhabit. In other words, orientalism is a social “virus” that is often perpetuated, or “spread”, by fear of the unknown; a virus which insidiously promotes discrimination and segregation based off differences in both culture and appearance, flourishes amongst the ignorant and is prevalent throughout both America’s distant and recent history, as well as in the archives of world history. A parent to ignorance and the culprit to the divisive vices of racial prejudice of all creeds, a lack of sufficient education, along with blatant disregard for one’s global community, is the underlying reason why Orientalism is a recurring theme in history that has yet to be abolished entirely. However, there exist scholars and filmmakers, such as Le Espiritu, Sucheng Chan, Wakako Yamauchi, etcetera, who give hope to the fight against such ignorance by using their work to inform and...
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...significantly different, they do share some similarities. Both Arabs and Muslims experience orientalism, which prevents them from obtaining classification as individual groups. There are many characteristics of orientalism such as stereotyping of Islam, religious conflict, and misrepresentation of cultures among Eastern countries. Orientalism can contribute to hate crimes because it promotes prejudice. It does this by fostering the idea that everyone within an ethnic group is to blame for the actions and ideas of only a few. For example, Muslims and Arabs have experienced high levels of hate crimes and discrimination since the attacks of 9/11. This is most likely because orientalism helped foster the idea that all Arabs and Muslims are a threat to the country, just because a few were. There are some recent changes to the United States policies that may affect the treatment of Muslim and Arab Americans. The most recent change comes in the form of verbal support for Muslim Americans by President Obama in his State of the Union Address, January 25, 2011. Another change was the amendment of Oklahoma’s Constitution banning Shariah law. State Question 755 was approved in November 2010, which forbids state courts from considering Shariah law; a law based on the Koran and the teaching of Mohammed (American Muslim Perspective, 2010). Also the USA Patriot Act of 2001 contains provisions that condemn discrimination against Arab and Muslim Americans (Schaefer,...
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...Characteristics of Orientalism, Prejudice, and Discrimination Tammy Johnson-Hall ETH/125 February 23, 2012 Brian Steinberg 2 The terms Muslims and Arabs are two unique demographic identifiers. A Muslim, also spelled Moslem, is the Islamic faith, a monotheistic Abrahamic religion that is based on the Qur'an (http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Muslim). There are many Muslims who are not Arabs - there are Muslim Indonesians, Muslim Chinese, and Muslim Americans. Arabs are an ethnic group of people who speak the Arabic language, and follow different religions. Many are Muslims, but some are Christians. Arab people are also known as Arabs and primarily live in the Arab World, which is located in Western Asia or North Africa. They are identified as such on one or more of genealogical, linguistic, or cultural grounds, with tribal affiliations, and intra- tribal relationships playing an important part of Arab identity (http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Arab_people). In terms of changes to United States policy, The Civil Rights Division holds a bimonthly interagency meeting that brings together top officials from federal agencies and leaders of the Muslim, Arab, Sikh and South Asian communities to address civil rights issues (http://blogs.usdoj.gov/blog/archives/1253). There have also been some signs of reverse in the backlash that Muslims and Arabs have endured...
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...|[pic] |ETH/125 Syllabus | | |Axia College/College of Humanities | | |ETH/125 Version 6 | | |Cultural Diversity | Copyright © 2010, 2009, 2007 by University of Phoenix. All rights reserved. Course Description This course is designed to educate students about issues of race and ethnicity by presenting historical and modern perspectives on diversity in the United States, and by providing tools necessary to promote a respectful and inclusive society. Students will complete several activities that allow them to examine their own values in relation to the values of various other racial and ethnic communities. Policies Faculty and students/learners will be held responsible for understanding and adhering to all policies contained within the following two documents: • University policies: You must be logged into the student website to view this document. • Instructor policies: This document is posted in the Course Materials forum. University policies are subject to change. Be sure...
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...Macro Context Of Management And Organisations Stream 18: Postcolonial Stream Proposal Pedro Castellano-Masias Universidad Peruana de Ciencias Aplicadas – UPC Escuela de Postgrado en Dirección de Negocios Universidad Peruana de Ciencias Aplicadas - UPC (Postgraduate Business School – UPC) Av. Salaverry #2255, San Isidro, Lima 27, Peru, Sud America Telephone: 511 419 2800 Fax: 511 419 2828 pedrocastellano@hotmail.com pcastell@upc.edu.pe Macro context of management at organisations Prof. Pedro Castellano-Masias Introduction Management literature is frequently involved with the practicalities of bearing organisational control in order to achieve the shareholders interests (Daft, R.; 2000), (Hodge, Anthony and Gales, 1998), (Kotter, J.; 1997). It seems to be assumed that in so doing the organisations ensure their profitability and survival. Main focus is then placed on technologies of control and efficiency while criteria regarding other stakeholders’ interests are not considered. There is little or none awareness whatsoever of the situation that it is imposed to the workers and their families, there is little account of the organisational impact on the community, there is a very limited awareness and attention regarded to the environmental implications of managerial and organisational activities. In addition, not enough is being said regarding the ways in which the past is shaping the future while preserving a system of privileges and exclusion. A social system of domination...
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...Reading Between the Lines: An analysis of Mary Shelley’s Frankenstein, or, the Modern Prometheus, using Horace Walpole’s The Castle of Otranto as an example of male discourse about women Louise Othello Knudsen English Almen, 10th semester Master’s Thesis 31-07-2012 Tabel of Contents Abstract ................................................................................................................................................ 3 Introduction .......................................................................................................................................... 5 Historical Context .............................................................................................................................. 10 The View on Women and Their Expected Roles in the late 18th and 19th Century ....................... 11 - Mary Shelley disowns herself .................................................................................................. 11 - Mary Shelley’s Background .................................................................................................... 12 Women’s Role in Frankenstein ..................................................................................................... 13 Men’s Role in Frankenstein ........................................................................................................... 13 - Women in Society and Women as Writers .........................................................
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...Feminism in Multicultural Societies An analysis of Dutch Multicultural and Postsecular Developments and their Implications for Feminist Debates Eva Midden A thesis submitted in partial fulfilment for the requirements of the degree of PhD at the University of Central Lancashire May 2010 Student Declaration Concurrent registration for two or more academic awards I declare that while registered as a candidate for the research degree, I have not been registered candidate or enrolled student for another award of the University or other academic or professional institution Material submitted for another award I declare that no material contained in the thesis has been used in any other submission for an academic award and is solely my own work Signature of Candidate Type of Award School ___PhD_________________________________ ___Centre for Professional Ethics___________ 1 Abstract It was long assumed that both multiculturalism and feminism are connected to progressive movements and hence have comparable and compatible goals. However, both in academia and in popular media the critique on multiculturalism has grown and is often accompanied with arguments related to gender equality and/or feminism. According to political scientist Susan Moller Okin for example there are fundamental conflicts between our commitment to gender equality and the desire to respect the customs of minority cultures or religions. If we agree that women...
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...50 Key Concepts in Gender Studies Jane Pilcher & Imelda Whelehan Fifty Key Concepts in Gender Studies i Recent volumes include: Key Concepts in Social Research Geoff Payne and Judy Payne Key Concepts in Medical Sociology Jonathan Gabe, Mike Bury and Mary Ann Elston Forthcoming titles include: Key Concepts in Leisure Studies David Harris Key Concepts in Critical Social Theory Nick Crossley Key Concepts in Urban Studies Mark Gottdiener The SAGE Key Concepts series provide students with accessible and authoritative knowledge of the essential topics in a variety of disciplines. Cross-referenced throughout, the format encourages critical evaluation through understanding. Written by experienced and respected academics, the books are indispensable study aids and guides to comprehension. JANE PILCHER AND IMELDA WHELEHAN Fifty Key Concepts in Gender Studies SAGE Publications London • Thousand Oaks • New Delhi iii © Jane Pilcher and Imelda Whelehan 2004 All rights reserved. No part of this publication may be reproduced, stored in a retrieval system, transmitted or utilized in any form or by any means, electronic, mechanical, photocopying, recording or otherwise, without permission in writing from the Publishers. SAGE Publications Ltd 1 Oliver’s Yard 55 City Road London EC1Y 1SP SAGE Publications Inc 2455 Teller Road Thousand Oaks, California 91320 SAGE Publications India Pvt Ltd B-42 Panchsheel Enclave Post Box 4109 New Delhi 100 017 British Library...
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