...Write an essay on ONE of the topics listed below: Recommended length: 5,000 words Submission date: 12 noon, Thursday Week 4 of Term 3 You are recommended to consult the following three Department documents when writing this essay: • Undergraduate Studies Handbook • Assessed-essay-writing guidelines • Essay-marking criteria for Options and Core Modules 1. ‘Zeugnisse guten Willens, zugleich aber wieder Dokumente der Ratlosigkeit’ (Günther Mahal). Discuss with reference to a representative selection of texts from the material in the collection Die Berliner Moderne, 1885-1914. 2. ‘Tatsächlich ist es die Erfahrung der Großstadt Berlin, die Konfrontation eines in der Provinz herangebildeten kleinbürgerlichen Bewußtseins mit der Hektik, der Unübersichtlichkeit, den Massenmenschen, dem Elend der industrialisierten Metropole, aus denen die Entstehung der künstlerischen Moderne, ihr unklarer und widersprüchlicher Charakter verstanden werden können.’ (Jürgen Schutte and Peter Sprengel). Discuss with reference to a representative selection of texts or visual material produced before 1930 that you have studied on the module. 3. ‘Die psychologische Grundlage, auf der der Typus großstädtischer Individualitäten sich erhebt, ist die Steigerung des Nervenlebens, die aus dem raschen und ununterbrochenen Wechsel äußerer und innerer Eindrücke hervorgeht.’ (Georg Simmel). Analyse the significance of Simmel’s essay ‘Die Großstädte und das Geistesleben’ of 1903 for an understanding...
Words: 920 - Pages: 4
...The President's Proposal Strengthen border security and infrastructure. - Strengthens and improves infrastructure at ports of entry, facilitates public-private partnerships aimed at increasing investment in foreign visitor processing, and continues supporting the use of technologies that help to secure the land and maritime borders of the United States. Combat transnational crime. - Creates new criminal penalties dedicated to combating transnational criminal organizations that traffic in drugs, weapons, and money, and that smuggle people across the borders. It also expands the scope of current law to allow for the forfeiture of these organizations’ criminal tools and proceeds. Through this approach, we will bolster our efforts to deprive criminal enterprises, including those operating along the Southwest border, of their infrastructure and profits. Improve partnerships with border communities and law enforcement. - Expands our ability to work with our cross-border law enforcement partners. Community trust and cooperation are key to effective law enforcement. To this end, the U.S. Department of Homeland Security (DHS) will establish border community liaisons along the Southern and Northern borders to improve communication and collaboration with border communities, boost funding to tribal government partners to reduce illegal activity on tribal lands, and strengthen training on civil rights and civil liberties for DHS immigration officers. Crack down on criminal networks...
Words: 1007 - Pages: 5
...Testing Right Form 1. I [pic](be) born in 1944 during the war. 2. My parents [pic]( go) to the cinema yesterday and they hated the film. 3. Did you [pic](find) your course book? 4. What did you [pic](do) during your holidays in the Bahamas? 5. Van Gogh [pic]( draw) beautiful sketches before he painted them 6. The Berlin wall [pic]( fall) in 1989. 7. Why did you [pic]( break) this vase? 8. The Police [pic]( catch) the thieves in Paris near the Louvre. 9. At the restaurant Ben [pic](drink) white wine and ate sushis. 10. What did you [pic]( have) for breakfast? 11. Behind the door , he [pic]( hear) all the conversation. 12. When my father was twenty years old he [pic]( drive) a Lexus. 13. The boy felt angry because he [pic]( be) punished. 14. Two months ago he [pic]( fly) to Los Angeles. 15. Sorry Miss, I [pic]( forget) my book. 16. What did you [pic]( get) for Christmas? 17. Did you [pic](begin) the test at half past nine? 18. He didn't [pic]( hurt) the little boy. 19. The Police didn't [pic]( catch) the thieves. 20. The students never [pic](forget) their homework last week. Ans: I WAS(be) born in 1944 during the war. 2. My parents WENT( go) to the cinema yesterday and they hated the film. 3. Did you FIND(find) your course book? 4. What did you DO (do) during your holidays in the Bahamas? 5. Van Gogh DREW ( draw) beautiful sketches before he painted them 6. The Berlin wall FELL ( fall) in 1989. 7. Why did you BREAK ( break) this vase...
Words: 400 - Pages: 2
...Lives in Fences Fences are built to keep life in order, on track and simple. Such as “The Berlin Wall was a concrete barrier that separated West Berlin from East Berlin throughout much of the cold war.” The Berlin Wall was built up to keep two sides separated from conflict, but eventually the two sides overcame that. The Berlin wall was once necessary, but as time went by and the world evolved, so did the people and eventually came down. There will always be fences built up in our lives, but that doesn’t always mean they need to be a barrier and are necessary. There are times when barriers crucial and keeps everyone orderly. In Robert Frosts poem, he repeats “Good fences make good neighbors”. (“Mending Wall”46) Fences are the comfort zones for all people, its their own little privacy. It also could be very crucial in getting along with other because as long as we all have that barrier no conflicts will arise.Robert introduces differences, “He is all pine and I am apple orchard”. (“Mending Wall” 24) Two totally different concept, a pine an an apple, one sweet and one sharp. This is a crucial time to have to have a fence for if they were to cross in each others path it will easily not end well for the differences are so enormous. Fences are always built up to keep something in; whether it be a way of life or simply to avoid conflict. There also comes a time when a barrier is no longer necessary. Robert Frost says, “But here there are no cows. Before I built a wall I’d...
Words: 531 - Pages: 3
...Business Organization Checkpoint Lisset Navarro BUS/210 05/18/2012 Judd Shaffer The most common forms of business organizations are: * Joint-stock company (JSC), which refers to a type of corporation or partnership that involves two or more individuals who own shares of stock in a company. In a JSC, shareholders are free to transfer their ownership interest at any time by selling their shareholding to others. Moreover, in a JSC company, the stockholders have unlimited liability, meaning that their capital and wealth can be seized to pay its debts. Microsoft Inc. is an example of a public joint-stock company. Microsoft Inc. was founded by Bill Gates and Paul Allen in 1975. Shareholders are able to buy and/or sell shares as they desired. In addition, shareholders elect the board of directors, in charged to hire the top executives such as the president, vice president, secretary, and treasurer. * Limited liability Company (LLC), which refers to the legal form of Business Company that provides limited liability to its members (owners). Such is the case of Viscot Medical LLC, a private veteran-owned small business that manufactures a broad line of medical disposable products. Viscot Medical like the majority of LLCs, is taxed almost the same way that partnerships or sole proprietorships. The losses as well as the profits are passed through to the members of the company and there is no double taxation, members pay income taxes at their individual tax rates. Furthermore...
Words: 471 - Pages: 2
...Week #1 Checkpoint: Financial Management Goals Erica Brock Due Sunday Nov. 25, 2012 Nic Lane Financial Management refers to a rulebook which a business must follow to be accountable to their shareholders, stakeholders and the general public. See financial management is the essential because a big amount people can be affected by the unethical behaviors and the actions on a business. The employees deserves to know what’s going on in the upper management and with the company as a whole just in case in advance of potential but yet serious problems. The shareholders and the general public have to know to because the shareholders got to know what are going on with company and what they’re investing. Their money depends on its financial strength of the company. The general public has to know for the fact of the transactions of a public traded company, just in case if there is catastrophe, which they could be responsible for it bailing out of the company including with the taxpayers money. Economic status in company’s market place could include price earning ratios, the earnings per share, the price and cash ratios, book value per share, dividends yielding, market value per share and the marker and book ratios. The market value gives the management an ideal of what the company or firm investors thinks of their performance and future prospects. If a company’s ratios are good then the market value ratios can or should reflect on that and stock prices may go high. The increasing...
Words: 353 - Pages: 2
...Week 8 – Checkpoint 1 (Instructor Answer Key) 6.6 (a) Debt Equity Debt Ratio* 40+10 90+10 = 50% 40 90+10 = 40% Times Interest Earned* 18 4.8+1.5 = 2.86 x 18 4.8 = 3.75x Operating Profit 18,000,000 18,000,000 Interest Expense 6,300,000 4,800,000 Earnings before tax 11,700,000 13,200,000 Income tax exp. (40%) 4,680,000 5,280,000 Net Income 7,020,000 7,920,000 Shares Outstanding 800,000 1,000,000 Earnings Per Share $8.78 $7.92 Return on Equity 7,020 50,000 = 14.04% 7,920 60,000 = 13.20% Return on Assets (adjusted) 7,020+6,300(1-0.4) 100,000 = 10.80 7,920+4,800(1-0.4) 100,000 = 10.80 Financial Leverage Index 14.04 10.80 = 1.3 13.20 10.80 = 1.2 *Numbers are in millions (b)Use of debt would increase the debt ratios from 44% to 50%, while equity financing would reduce the debt ratio to 40%. Interest coverage would decline from 3.1 times to 2.86 times if debt is employed; times interest earned would increase to 3.75 times with stock financing. Earnings per share would be higher with the debt financing. The financial leverage index is greater than 1, indicating the successful use of financial leverage under either alternative, but is higher with debt financing. The Board would want to consider each of these ratios and other factors as well. The additional risk resulting from adding debt would likely exert downward pressure...
Words: 350 - Pages: 2
...CheckPoint Business Organization A Joint Stock Company is a type of corporation or relationship between two businesses or companies similar to a partnership. Often, certificates of ownership called stock can be issued by the business or company in exchange for additional contributions. The shareholders in these companies or businesses are able to transfer their shares or ownership interest at any time by selling their stock to others. Specifically, there are only two types of joint stock companies. These are private company or open market. Directors and the Company Secretary are the ones who typically hold the shares. A good example of this would be Microsoft. ("Forms Of Business Organization", 2013). A limited Liability Company is a legal form of business or company that provides very limited liability to its owners. It is a fairly new business structure that is allowed by state statue. ("Forms Of Business Organization", 2013). They are similar to a typical corporation except owners have limited personal liability for any debt and actions of the limited liability company. They also include things like providing management flexibility and benefit of pass-through taxation. Owners of a Limited Liability Company usually are called members and the owner can be an individual, corporation, other limited liability company, and even a foreign entity. A good example of this would be Chrysler (Chrysler Group, LLC). A partnership is another type of business entity where...
Words: 453 - Pages: 2
...-the relationship of the leader to the board has a tremendous impact on the organization’s ability to fulfill its mission. -they work with to create the most effective, strong, and healthy boards possible to serve the organizations that they lead. -The chapters provide a brief overview of the best practice and its relationship to board development. -Join this journey of exploring the best practices of strong and effective boards. guiding the reader from a solid starting point of development by establishing role, purpose and function of the board to knowing and communicating the organization’s mission, vision and values. -Board members intentionally and routinely engage in mutual accountability, communication, evaluations and board development while taking the necessary time to process decisions eliminating unnecessary surprises. Boards unite and resolve to work together through change and transitions for the good of the Kingdom, the advance of the Gospel, and the prosperity of the organization. -to exhibit generosity as board members and to be outstanding examples of giving regularly and sacrificially to the church, college or organizations they serve in order to establishment a culture of board development that embraces the principle of “passing it on,” by developing new board participants that will lead to a strong and healthy future for the organization. - as a board member or as leader of an organization can take your present board environment and develop it into...
Words: 739 - Pages: 3
...Chapter 5 Questions – January 31 1. Which of the following bonds has the greatest interest rate price risk? |a. |A 10-year $100 annuity. | |b. |A 10-year, $1,000 face value, zero coupon bond. | |c. |A 10-year, $1,000 face value, 10% coupon bond with annual interest payments. | |d. |All 10-year bonds have the same price risk since they have the same maturity. | |e. |A 10-year, $1,000 face value, 10% coupon bond with semiannual interest payments. | 2. Amram Inc. can issue a 20-year bond with a 6% annual coupon. This bond is not convertible, is not callable, and has no sinking fund. Alternatively, Amram could issue a 20-year bond that is convertible into common equity, may be called, and has a sinking fund. Which of the following most accurately describes the coupon rate that Amram would have to pay on the convertible, callable bond? |a. |Exactly equal to 6%. | |b. |It could be less than, equal to, or greater than 6%. | |c. |Greater than 6%. ...
Words: 1839 - Pages: 8
...If a firm uses the discounted payback method with a required payback of 4 years, then it will accept more projects than if it used a regular payback of 4 years. The percentage difference between the MIRR and the IRR is equal to the project’s WACC. 3. (TCO D) Church Inc. is presently enjoying relatively high growth because of a surge in the demand for its new product. Management expects earnings and dividends to grow at a rate of 25% for the next 4 years, after which competition will probably reduce the growth rate in earnings and dividends to zero, i.e., g = 0. The company's last dividend, D0, was $1.25, its beta is 1.20, the market risk premium is 5.50%, and the risk-free rate is 3.00%. What is the current price of the common stock? a. $26.77 b. $27.89 c. $29.05 d. $30.21 e. $31.42 (Points : 20) 4. (TCO G) The ABC Corporation's budgeted monthly sales are $4,000. In the first month, 40% of its customers pay and take the 3% discount. The remaining 60% pay in...
Words: 527 - Pages: 3
...tax system encourages risk management to stabilize earnings. d. Statements a, b, and c are correct. e. None of the statements above is correct. Derivatives Answer: d Diff: E N . Which of the following is an example of a derivative? a. Futures. b. Options. c. Swaps. d. All of the above are examples of derivatives. e. None of the above are examples of derivatives. Options Answer: b Diff: E . An option that gives the holder the right to sell a stock at a specified price at some time in the future is called a(n) a. Call option. b. Put option. c. Out-of-the-money option. d. Naked option. e. Covered option. Option value Answer: d Diff: E . The value of an option depends on the stock’s price, the risk-free rate, and the a. Exercise price. b. Variability of the stock price....
Words: 2014 - Pages: 9
...Sheet)。但是,包括你的团队、你的董事会、你周围的朋友在内,都没有人曾经看到过一份Term Sheet,里面的某个“清算优先权”条款是这样写的(通常是英文): Series A Preferred shall be entitled to receive in preference to the holders of the Common Stock a per share amount equal to 2x the Original Purchase Price… A系列优先股有权优先于普通股股东每股获得初始购买价格2倍的回报… 你完全搞不懂这是什么意思。 情景二:假如你接受了上面那份Term Sheet,投资人跟你投资了$2M,给你的投资前估值(Pre-money valuation)是$3M,投资后(Post-money)估值$5M,于是投资人拥有你公司40%的股份。经过1年,公司运营不是很好,被人以$5M的价格并购。你认为你手上60%的股份可以分得$2.5M的现金,也还满意。但是投资人突然告诉你,根据协议,他要拿走$4M(投资额的2倍),留给你的只有$1M。你又糊涂了。 什么是清算优先权(Liquidation Preference)? 几乎所有的VC选择可转换优先股(Convertible preferred stock)的投资方式,而可转换优先股的最重要的一个特性就是拥有清算优先权。 优先清算权是Term sheet中一个非常重要的条款,决定公司在清算后蛋糕怎么分配,即资金如何优先分配给持有公司某特定系列股份的股东,然后分配给其他股东。例如,A轮(Series A)融资的Term sheet中,规定A轮投资人,即A系列优先股股东(Series A preferred shareholders)能在普通股(Common)股东之前获得多少回报。同样道理,后续发行的优先股(B/C/D等系列)优先于A系列和普通股。也就是说投资人在创业者和团队之前收回他们的资金。 通常所说的清算优先权有两个组成部分:优先权(Preference)和参与分配权(Participation)。参与分配权,或者叫双重分配权(Double Dip)有三种:无参与权(Non participation)、完全参与分配权(Full participation)、附上限参与分配权(Capped participation),相应的就有三种清算优先权: (1)不参与分配优先清算权(Non-participating liquidation preference) 参考下面实例: Liquidation Preference: In the event of any liquidation or winding up of the Company, the holders of the Series A Preferred shall be entitled to receive in preference to the holders of the Common Stock a per share amount equal to [x] the Original Purchase Price plus any declared but unpaid dividends (the Liquidation Preference). 清算优先权:在公司清算或结束业务时,A系列优先股股东有权优先于普通股股东获得每股[x]倍于原始购买价格的回报以及宣布但尚未发放的股利(清算优先权)。 ...
Words: 2884 - Pages: 12
...Communications Annual Report 2011-12 Profile Reliance Communications Limited Reliance Communications Limited is the flagship Company of Reliance Group, one of the leading business houses in India. Reliance Communications is India’s foremost and truly integrated telecommunications service provider. The Company, with a customer base of 161 million as on March 31, 2012 including over 2.5 million individual overseas retail customers, ranks among the Top 4 Telecom companies in the world by number of customers in a single country. Reliance Communications corporate clientele includes over 35,000 Indian and multinational corporations including small and medium enterprises and over 800 global, regional and domestic carriers. Reliance Communications has established a pan-India, next generation, integrated (wireless and wireline), convergent (voice, data and video) digital network that is capable of supporting best-of-class services spanning the entire communications value chain, covering over 24,000 towns and 600,000 villages. Reliance Communications owns and operates the world’s largest next generation IP enabled connectivity infrastructure, comprising over 2,77,000 kilometers of fibre optic cable systems in India, USA, Europe, Middle East and the Asia Pacific region. Mission: Excellence in Communication Arena To attain global best practices and become a world-class communication service provider – guided by its purpose to move towards greater degree of sophistication and maturity...
Words: 78255 - Pages: 314
...FORMULAS Expected return of a stock portfolio - E[rp]: (3 stocks) E[rp] = X1 ( E(r1) + X2 ( E(r2) + X3 ( E(r3) Portfolio variance ((P)2 : (3 stocks) ((P)2 = X12 ( (12 + X1( X2((12 + X1( X3((13 + + X2( X1((21 + X22 ( (22 + X2( X3((23 + + X3( X1((31 + X3( X2((32 + X32 ( (32 where: X1 , X2 och X3 is respective stocks amount of the total value of the portfolio. (12 , (22 and (32 is respective stocks variance (12 = (21 is the covariance between stock 1 and stock 2 (13 = (31 is the covariance协方差 between stock 1 and stock 3 (23 = (32 is the covariance between stock 2 and stock 3 CAPM: E(rj) = rf + (j ( [E(rm) -rf] where: E(rj) is the expected return of stock j E(rm) is the expected return of the market portfolio rf is the risk-free interest rate (j is the beta-value of stock j (j = Cov (rj,rm)/var(rm) = (jm ( [pic] Stock j:s contribution to the risk of the portfolio (j = [pic] MODIGLIANI & MILLER M&M Prop I. Without corporate taxes: VL = VU M&M Prop II. Without corporate taxes: rS = rU + (rU - rB) ( [pic] M&M Prop I. With corporate taxes: VL = VU + TC (B M&M Prop II. With corporate taxes: rS = rU + (rU - rB) ( [pic] ((1-TC) rWACC = [pic]rB ((1-TC) + [pic]( rS VL = [pic] where: VU = Value of the all equity financed firm (Unlevered firm) VL = Value of the Levered firm B = Value of the debt (bond value) S = Value of the equity (Stock value) TC = Corporate tax rate) ...
Words: 481 - Pages: 2