...Lifespan Development and Personality Marie A. Hines PSY/103 March 12, 2012 Colleen Donald Lifespan Development and Personality Early childhood development can be affected by a number of factors, and it is impossible to underestimate the immense importance of the early development of children. Erik Erikson's stage theory of psychosocial development contributed to the understanding of personality development throughout the lifespan. The lifespan development of human being involves the psychological and genetic alterations from the birth and end of the life. The progress of life is highly influenced by the hereditary and environmental factors involving the different aspects related to physical, cognitive, social, moral, and personality development (Shonkoff & Phillips, 2000). Erik Erikson felt as if middle age children between the ages of six and twelve is where they begin to develop the mental skills needed in later years.“Elementary school-aged children, who succeed in learning new, productive life skills, develop a sense of pride and competence (industry). Those who fail to develop these skills feel inadequate and unproductive (inferior)” (Carpenter & Huffman, 2010). The phase of physical development of a child is classified as gross motor skills development and fine motor skills development. Hereditary factors play an important role in the physical growth and characteristics development of the child in the middle...
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...http://www.artfulparent.com/2013/02/10-creative-activities-for-kids.html * DESCRIPTION OF ACTIVITY: This activity gives kids awareness of their breathing. You blow the pompoms around on the floor. The kids can do races, count how many breaths it takes to get across the room and you can spread them around on the floor and blow them back into a big pile. * * NAME OF ACTIVITY: Jewelry * DEVELOPMENTAL FOCUS: Fine motor skills development * APPROPRIATE AGE(S): 5 and up * CREATIVE AREA: Arts and crafts * SOURCE: http://www.artfulparent.com/2013/02/10-creative-activities-for-kids.html * DESCRIPTION OF ACTIVITY: Get straws or noodles and yarn. Cut up the straws and cut the yarn long enough for a necklace or bracelet. Kids can put the straws or noodles on the yarn and make beautiful jewelry. * * NAME OF ACTIVITY: Reading * DEVELOPMENTAL FOCUS: Language development * APPROPRIATE AGE(S): Birth to two years * CREATIVE AREA: Creative language experiences * SOURCE: http://www.asha.org/public/speech/development/parent-stim-activities.htm * DESCRIPTION OF ACTIVITY: Just read. You can also point to pictures and shapes and ask what is this, what color is this, and etc. * * NAME OF...
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...RUNNING HEAD:HUMAN DEVELOPMENT 1 Human Development Jonneitta James PSY 2022 W3A2 South University Online Human Development 2 Topic 1: Early Childhood 1) Jolly, R. (2007). Early childhood development: The global challenge. The Lancet, 369(9555), 8-9. Retrieved from http://search.proquest.com/docview/199073736?accountid=87314 A large alarming number of children under the age of 5 were not reaching full potential in cognitive and socioemotional development. This is a major problem in third world countries due to malnutrition, iodine, and iron deficiency and insufficient acceleration during early development. WHO and UNICEF made immunization a primary part of health care for all, the death rate had fallen by the millions in the less fortunate countries (Jolly, R. (2007)). The methods of research were not specifically stated but my interpretation it was done by reports on the children 5 and under from different government agencies, religious groups, and non-governmental organizations. UNICEF called this study child survival and development revolution. They also stated a decline in the death rate from 15 million to 12 million a year (Jolly, R. (2007)). Without the immunizations third world country children would be almost nonexistent after the age of 5. The researchers concluded...
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...------------------------------------------------- ------------------------------------------------- ------------------------------------------------- Childhood to Adolescence Development ------------------------------------------------- Monica Rodriguez-Sosa ------------------------------------------------- University of Houston – Downtown Introduction As we age and grow in life, we constantly change in many different aspects. It is natural for humans to develop new ways of thinking, being, and feeling. At childhood, we might have show certain behaviors that we do not show in adolescence. Not only does our behavior change, but our physical appearance does too, along with our emotions. This paper will detail three changes that take place in each of the realms of cognitive, physical, and emotional growth from childhood to adolescence. Early Childhood First, physical development of a child occurs at a slower rate than infancy. Boyd and Bee (2009) write that every year a child ages, they grow about two to three in height and about six pounds in weight (p. 177). Both authors also define the motor skills that children gain during childhood. For example, a child at age two can climb on furniture whereas a 6 year-old can walk on a line. As children age, they gain more muscle, giving them the ability to move around easier. Another example is brain growth. This kind of development can be explained by looking at the corpus callosum. Boyd and Bee (2009) explain that this brain structure is what connects the right and...
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...Understanding Human Development in Teaching University of Phoenix Psy/280 Marie Cortes July 22, 2010 Understanding Human Development in Teaching In this paper I will address his or her understanding of Human Development. I will attempt to show how it will help him or her come to a thoughtful approach with the different stages of a child’s development. I will address such issues as; 1) The Personality Developments, 2) The Cognitive Developments, and 3) The Social Cognitive Developments. I will concentrate these developmental theories based on the age of the students he or she will be teaching (Junior High Science) when he or she graduates from University of Phoenix. Personality Developments at Age 12-14 There are a large amount of personality theories in the world today. I will focus my attention on the behavioral developments prevalent to this age group. The greatest behavioral developments that late adolescents will experience are risk-taking. These risk-taken experiments will help the child develop and shape his or her identity, give him or her the ability to try new decision-making skills, help with developing realistic judgments of him or herself, gain peer acceptance, and peer respect (ReCAPP, 2009). Oftentimes the risks these adolescents will take end with a legitimate threat to their health and well-being. The most common type of threat, today, is teen pregnancy. More teens today are becoming pregnant because of peer acceptance and respect...
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...Childhood Development Essay The years from two to six years of age are referred to as early childhood or the preschool years of the developmental process (Rathus, 2012, p. 123). The early childhood years are critical to the future develop of the child. The brain development is intensive and sensitive to external environmental influences; therefore, it is imperative that its stimulation and nutrition are adequate and influences are positive (Makkaoui, 2009). “The brain develops more quickly than any other organ in early childhood (Rathus, 2012, p. 124). Such development helps to ensure that each child reaches his or her potential and is a productive part of a rapidly changing, global society (Makkaoui, 2009). As their nervous system matures, their motor skills explode and their movements become more and more precise and coordinated (Rathus, 2012, p. 125). The physical development is somewhat of a natural process. A few weeks after conception, the embryo is visible (Rathus, 2012, p. 37). If the mother takes the proper precautions by receiving adequate nutrition, medical attention, physical exercise and rest and relaxation, the embryo will continue to develop and grow into a fetus and eventually enters the world of the unknown outside the womb (Rathus, 2012, pp. 37-40). After the birth, the physical growth continues voluntarily. There is no formula or recipe that one must remember in order to assure the child continue to grow. Provided the child receives the proper nutrition...
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...Middle Childhood Development and Personality Josh PSY/103 November 2, 2015 Susanne Nishino Middle Childhood Development and Personality Middle childhood is a busy time in a child's life both physically and for their personality. During this time there is a crucial shift in a child's cognitive skills beginning at age six; this appears to be when a child begins to reason and is marked by several types of advances in learning and understanding. Formal schooling begins mostly between the ages of five and seven, during this time the child develops key thinking and cognitive skill. Children during this period also begin to experience advances in their learning consistent with what is deemed important by their cultures, such as math and language skills. I believe it's important for us to be patient with children at this age because it is such a difficult and confusing time but also an exciting time for them to experience this period of extensive growth. There are many different factors that affect physical development for children during the middle childhood development period. During birth until around age five, growth is generally set at the same rate for children around the same age, but at around age six or seven is when the growth spurts begin to become defined. Some children grow quickly and tall while others don't seem to grow much during this time. An example for this might be when I was younger, I did not grow quickly from age five until eight, but...
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...Child Growth and Development Module 1: Principles of Child Growth and Development 1 Icons This icon represents a new topic in the text. This is a visual cue for you to answer any questions about the previous section before moving along to the next one. This icon is used to identify an exercise that involves in-class practice and feedback. This icon is used to identify a specially designed activity that requires active class participation. This icon is used to identify a section that is accompanied by a video. Child Growth and Development 2 Icons This icon is used to identify a section where the participants should add items to their ―Do’s and Don’ts‖ list. This icon is used to identify an exercise that involves a role-playing scenario. This icon is used to identify the use of a transparency related to the material in this section. This icon is used to identify a key point in the material. Child Growth and Development 3 p.2 We often hear people refer to children’s growth and development. Are ―growth‖ and ―development‖ the same thing? What does each of these terms mean? •Growth refers to specific body changes and increases in the child’s size (such as:height, weight, head circumference, and body mass index). These size changes can easily be measured. Growth •Development typically refers to an increase in complexity (a change from simple to more complex) Involves a progression along a continuing pathway on which the child aquires more refined...
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...Assignment – Early Childhood: Ages 3-6 Years Kaplan University PS220-04: Child and Adolescent Psychology Professor Jill Maschio Saturday, September 8, 2012 Early Childhood: Ages 3 – 6 Years Introduction: I have decided to complete my research/assignment on Early Childhood: Ages 3 to 6 years of age. I choose this topic because this is the age group that I would like to work with once I obtain my Bachelors of Science in Psychology with a minor in Child Development, and I also find children in this age group to be very interesting especially on the way they view life around them and how independent they become. The Stages of Development: Cognitive Development: Language begins to develop rapidly, also children begin to use language as their communication tool and their vocabulary increases tremendously. Physical Development: Each skill that the child already has is practiced and becomes perfected. Therefore at this stage the child applies and develops mastery motor skills in challenging situations they are faced with. Social Development: At this age and in this stage the child will begin to learn the concept of right from wrong. Also at this stage he or she begins to imitate what he or she sees an individual do, whether a family member or friend at school. Children at this stage and age also begin to interact with their peers. Theories: Erickson’s Psychosocial Theory of Development: “highlights the child’s composite need to initiate adaptive modes of functioning...
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...determined by sampling educated families from each of the selected State, local government, and villages in Southeast Nigeria. Forty six item questionnaires were used for data collection. Data collected were analyzed using frequency, and mean. The findings include: environmental factor, finance, parental practices among others are factors that determine child readiness and practices in southeast Nigeria; Recommendations on appropriate School Readiness Factor and Practice of Children in Families n southeast Nigeria were made based on the research findings. KEYWORDS: xraying, school readiness, practice, children, families Introduction (Background of the study) Readiness is a term used to describe preparation for what is next to take place. School readiness factor and practice of children are the preparation, practice and teaching to the individual child to be ready for school in the family, though according to experts, readiness has no single definition. Karoly,, Kilburn, Cannon (2005) experts identify that readiness is a multifaceted concept that goes beyond academic and cognitive skills to include physical, social, and emotional development, as well as approaches to learning. X-raying school readiness factor and practice of children in families (a case study of Southeast Nigeria) is a proper and careful extraction of how children...
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...Growth and Development Sophie Evans Jill Windes ECE205 11/19/12 Growth and Development Many people use growth and development interchangeably when they are actually two separate things. Growth is physical changes leading to increase in size (Allen, 2009). Growth is measured; “the growth rate is rapid during the prenatal, neonatal, infancy and adolescent stages and slows during childhood” (Scibd, 2012). In comparison, development refers to an increase in complexity-a change from the relatively simple to the more complicated and detailed (Allen, 2009). Development is not growth as in when a child increases in size, but it is the growth of behavior;”development is also influenced by heredity, environmental factors, culture, and family values unique to each individual” (Allen, 2009). Growth is measured by charts whereas there are domains of development that are met to measure the growth of development. In this paper I am going to discuss the six major areas of development domains, an analysis of developmental milestones, and explain factors of what can contribute to atypical development. There are six major areas of developmental domains: physical, motor, perceptual, cognitive, speech and language, and social-emotional. Allen (2009) states, “Each is integrally related to and interdependent with each of the others in the overall developmental process” (pg. 35). Basically, one area of development is influenced by another area of development and so on and so forth...
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...Cognitive development – education foundations. Perry D, (2002), ‘Childhood Experience and the Expression of Genetic Potential: What Childhood Neglect Tells Us About Nature and Nurture’, Brain and Mind, 3 (1), pp79-100, accessed 21/03/13, Pro Quest Central database. The aim of this article is to explore the impact of childhood neglect on cognitive development. The author has studied different sources, animal studies and childhood reports to compare the effects. Research suggested that nurturing is most critical in early childhood, without positive experiences neurodevelopment may not be successful. The first investigation showed that animals in enriched environments thrived with larger complex brains rather then those in deprived conditions. In comparison the studies of neglect in early childhood indicate when necessary experiences are not provided neural systems are underdeveloped. Overall its believed that positive experiences allow genetic potential to thrive therefore a combination of nature and nurture has effect. The focus of this article exemplifies the crucial aspect of relationship experiences and whether they positively or negatively impact cognitive development. The author discusses the complex neurone system and how it is during childhood growth, the brain is most sensitive. This is key as it relates to lecture concepts on the importance of ‘early care in relation to the sensitivity of the brain’ and without exposure to positive experiences there is a lack in...
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...Development and Child Growth ECE 205 Introduction to Child Development April 9, 2012 We talk about the descriptions of child development and growth stages and what they mean and how we look at those stages and how a child will develop and growth through these changes as well. When we talk about growth we are talking about the actual size and the physical changes that a child makes over time, We talk about how the cells in the body change and with time change and expand or enlarge which is what increases the growth and the height of a child, also their weight, the circumference of their head, hands, shoe size, arm growth, and last but not least there body shape as well. Allen, K & Martoz, L (2010) When we look at children they all develop differently some will growth mentally at a faster pace than others, and others will grow physically faster than others. Infants will become more of their surroundings and with those stages of infant growths and starting out would be the rooting and sucking reflex which is a very big part of growth because that is a part of survival and that also starts to create them to be able to turn their heads. Some of the other major growths that happen with infants when they are starting to grow would be the Moro reflex, Palamar grasp reflex, babinski reflex, and last but not least the stepping and walking reflex. As those stages start to happen then you have the cognitive development and those stages would start out by the senorimotor stage...
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...Lifespan Development and Personality Paper Adolescence, also known as teenage years is a time of dramatic change. Adolescence is a period in one’s life in which major physiological, cognitive, and behavioral changes take place. This phase of life marks a developmental period that follows childhood and comes before adulthood. Adolescence is closely associated with puberty, which is also considered as a developmental milestone, particularly in the western countries. Puberty refers to the period of adolescence when a person becomes capable of reproduction (Carpenter, S. & Huffman, K., 2010). In this paper, I will discuss the various factors that affect the physical, cognitive, social, moral, and personality development of adolescents. Adolescence is a time of rapid physical growth which is illustrated by the drastic growth spurt in the height, weight and skeletal muscles. The actual age may vary but generally occurs somewhere between the ages of 12 through 18. This is a critical stage where a child attempts to become independent, wants to establish their identity and there are noticeable changes in their moods and behavior. During this time in the adolescent’s life, the physical development factors are genetics and nutrition. If the child has genetics that hinder on his or her physical development the child will only develop as his DNA allows. If the child does not have proper nutrition, he or she could be underweight or overweight. This is such a crucial stage for advancement...
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...Child development is a process every child goes through. This process involves learning and mastering skills like sitting, walking, talking, skipping, and tying shoes. Children learn these skills called developmental milestones, during predictable time periods. There are five main areas of development: Cognitive, Socio-emotional, Language, Fine motor skill, and Gross motor skill development. All of these areas correlates to each other. However, the differences of cognitive and language development on a child’s growth is the main focus of this paper. What is Cognitive Development? “Cognitive development is the construction of thought processes, including remembering, problem solving, and decision-making, from childhood through adolescence to...
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