...EXECUTIVE SUMMARY-Most of us consider child labor exploitative and therefore, socially unacceptable. The study of child labor is, however, important not only for social reasons but also for economic ones. The impact of child labor on the economy works through its debilitating effect on education which is important component of human capital. The participation of children in work in home and outside is often considered to be one of the important reasons for low school enrolment in Bangladesh. An important effect of child labor is on demographic development in a country. It is generally found that poor countries with high rates of population growth have higher incidence of child work. In this study, the actual child laborers in Bangladesh are 3.2 million (ILO, report/ BBS, 2006) which age is 5-17years. About 421000 are domestic workers. The children are bound to do hazardous toils because of poverty. More than 1.3 million children work in hazardous situation. The Bangladeshi children deprived every winding of social and international aspects such as in trafficking, industrial works, household labors, early marriage, biri factory, forcedly prostitution, begging, less wages, helping in the vehicle etc. though the government of Bangladesh has taken many initiatives to prevent child labor and violation of child rights. But the achievement is not satisfactory, in this connection much phenomena are concerned; poverty is one of them. So, government, NGOs and public should take proper step...
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...Child Labor In Dhaka City Child Labor in Dhaka City The Report is based on Secondary Data and current Socio Economic situation of Dhaka. By, Group: ILLUMINATI A Report by Illuminati Page 1 Child Labor In Dhaka City Prof. Ahmed, Dr. A. N. Neaz Course: Economical Geography Department: Economics Faculty: Faculty of Arts & Social Science (FASS) American International University-Bangladesh (AIUB) Kamal Ataturk Avenue, Banani Dhaka-1213, Bangladesh Dear Prof. Neaz Here is the report on the topic “Child Labor in Dhaka City & Their Social & Economical situation in the society.” To aid you to understand the present social & economical situation of the child labors in the capital city of Bangladesh, Dhaka we gathered what we believe to be the most complete information available at present. Most of the information is collected from our own research and analysis about the research subject. And also like to inform you that a big portion of information is taken from various government and non-government sources. The research and analysis is totally done objectively and we try our level best to avoid any kind of error and biasness. We sincerely hope that our research and analysis will aid you to make a clear understanding about the child labors and their true financial and economical situation in Bangladesh and what life they are been through. We truly appreciate this assignment. Sincerely, On behalf of, Group: Illuminati ______________________________ Aiman Jan Chowdhury ...
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...IMPROVING TRANSPARENCY: H&M’S CODE OF CONDUCT IN BANGLADESH FACTORIES Prepared for Jennifer Ward, US Public Relations / Communications Director H&M Prepared by Public Relations Specialists H&M October 7, 2015 MEMORANDUM TO: Jennifer Ward, U.S. Public Relations/Communications Director FROM: Murphy Kane, Public Relations Specialist; Kathleen Ashcraft, Public Relations Specialist DATE: October 7, 2015 SUBJECT: H&M’s Code of Conduct in Bangladesh Factories We have prepared the report that you requested on H&M’s code of conduct used in our garment factories in Bangladesh. After some initial research, we have found that H&M has a well-established code of conduct that would meet the standards of the average U.S. consumer, which is the market into which H&M is looking to branch. The issue that H&M faces is the average consumer’s perception that every company outsourcing to Bangladesh has the same inferior standards as the Bangladesh government. The solution rests upon H&M’s ability to focus more clearly on brand management. Consumers need to be reassured that H&M’s standards for working conditions are not the same as those of the Bangladesh government. H&M’s public relations team in the U.S. should focus upcoming press releases and social media blasts on explanations of H&M’s code of conduct. Additionally, H&M’s new ad campaign...
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...What is Child Labor? Child labor is work that harms children or keeps them from attending school. Around the world , growing gaps between rich and poor in recent decades have forced millions of young children out of school and into work. The International Labor Organization estimates that 246 million children between the ages of 5 and 17 currently work under conditions that are considered illegal, hazardous, or extremely exploitative. Underage children work at all sorts of jobs around the world, usually because they and their families are extremely poor. Large numbers of children work in commercial agriculture, fishing, manufacturing, mining, and domestic service. Some children work in illicit activities like the drug trade and prostitution or other traumatic activities such as serving as soldiers. The child is the father of the man”. Children should be imparted noble values and virtues so that they can grow up as good and responsible citizen of the country. It is indeed unfortunately that we find children being forced to wok in order earn their livelihood. Thus the hand should be used for play or studies are used for hard manual work. Thus a childhood is wasted, which comes once in life of a man. Child labor in Bangladesh, it is a very sympathetic also a great sorrow for us we are really unable to take necessary action against them to remove elegy of child labor. Somebody say Bangladesh is a developing country but actually our country is poor. Economic problems are a most...
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...Unemployment Problem and Its Causes Based On 2007 Economics Report of Bangladesh. Unemployment Problem and Its Causes Based On 2007 Economics Report of Bangladesh. Prepared for SHAMIM EHSANUL HAQUE Course Instructor BUS: 201 Prepared by SAIMA AFREEN (06304018) HUMAIRA NAZIA (07204013) ZOBAIDA MAHBUB ZEFRY (07304026) A.A.M SHAHRIAR HASAN KHAN (07304038) QUAZI MOFFAKKAR HOSSAIN (073040 Section: 01 Date of submission 4th December, 2008 MEMORANDUM To: Shamim Ehsanul Haque From: Saima Date: December 4th, 2008 Sub: Submission of the report titled Unemployment Problem and Its Causes. In accordance to your advice here is the report on “Unemployment Problem and Its Causes” that we are submitting on 4 December, 2008 which was assigned during the last part of semester Fall 08. To serve our purpose, we have followed standard research methodology to extract our findings. We have applied sophisticated analysis techniques to get consistent and sound output. As per the direction of yours, we have tried our best to highlight our findings through applying our acquired concepts and models. As a BBA student we appreciate having this assignment. We sincerely hope this report will fulfill the requirements for the course of Business Communication. Thanks for giving us the opportunity to work on this assignment. It’s...
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...Bangladesh – German Development Cooperation PROGRESS House 10C, Road 90, Gulshan 2, Dhaka 1212, Bangladesh Tel: +880 2 9887567, Fax: +880 2 8813769 E-mail: progress@gtz.de,[->0] Websites: www.gtz.de[->1], www.gtz-progress.org[->2] Working Paper No – 6 A COMPARATIVE ANALYSIS BETWEEN THE BANGLADESH LABOR LAW 2006 AND 7 GENERAL CODES OF CONDUCT By Ameena Chowdhury Hanna Denecke Dhaka, October 21, 2007 PROGRESS (promotion of social, environmental and production standards in the ready-made garment sector) is a joint program of the Bangladesh Ministry of Commerce and the German Federal Ministry of Economic Cooperation and Development (BMZ), implemented by GTZ. Executive Summary The Readymade Garment (RMG) sector in Bangladesh is a highly export oriented sector and therefore extremely volatile to requirements of international buyers. Since the adherence to international social standards has become a mandatory requirement in the international business arena, the local suppliers have to be compliant to these standards in order to remain in business. There have been some significant revisions to the Bangladesh Labor Law in 2006. This newly revised law already covers a lot of the common standards like employment conditions, occupational health and safety issues as well as the ILO core labor standards. Besides being complaint...
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...United Sates source textiles from low-wage countries such as Bangladesh? Who might lose? Do the gains outweigh the losses? * Economically, when retailers in the U.S. and Europe source textiles from low-wage countries such as Bangladesh, many parties benefit. Some of the biggest retailers such Wal-Mart or Kmart benefit a lot by having better profit margins. Costs of goods are relatively low which allow them more room to offer lower prices in goods and services. Customers benefit from this as well because prices are lower which mean they are more affordable. Another party that benefit also is low income countries in job creation and in economic. * In contrast, developed countries find disadvantages because fewer resources cause job loss in the employment market. Even though customers are able to get these items at a cheaper price, they find disadvantages in the end quality of the product. The quality of these product decline as resources are limited. * I think the gains outweigh the losses because it allows low income countries to develop and improve their standard of living. Question #3 What are the causes of the weak safety record of the Bangladesh garment industry? Do Western companies that import garments from Bangladesh bear any responsibility for what happened at the Rana Plaza and other workplace accidents? * I think the government is the cause of the weak safety record of the Bangladesh garment industry. The government clearly does not care too much...
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...Bangladesh is a source and transit country for men, women, and children subjected to trafficking in persons, specifically forced labor and forced prostitution. A significant share of Bangladesh’s trafficking victims are men recruited for work overseas with fraudulent employment offers who are subsequently exploited under conditions of forced labor or debt bondage. Children – both boys and girls – are trafficked within Bangladesh for commercial sexual exploitation, bonded labor, and forced labor. Some children are sold into bondage by their parents, while others are induced into labor or commercial sexual exploitation through fraud and physical coercion. Women and children from Bangladesh are also trafficked to India for commercial sexual exploitation.Human Trafficking In Bangladesh Bangladeshi men and women migrate willingly to Saudi Arabia, Bahrain, Kuwait, the United Arab Emirates (UAE), Qatar, Iraq, Lebanon, Malaysia, Liberia, and other countries for work, often under legal and contractual terms. Most Bangladeshis who seek overseas employment through legal channels rely on the 724 recruiting agencies belonging to the Bangladesh Association of International Recruiting Agencies (BAIRA). These agencies are legally permitted to charge workers up to $1,235 and place workers in low-skilled jobs typically paying between $100 and $150 per month. According to NGOs, however, many workers are charged upwards of $6,000 for these services. A recent Amnesty International report on Malaysia...
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.............................................................. 4 1.2 History of RMG Sector in Bangladesh: ................................................................................................ 4 1.3 Objective of Study: .............................................................................................................................. 6 1.4 Methodology: ...................................................................................................................................... 6 1.4 Limitations of the study: ..................................................................................................................... 7 CHAPTER 2: ................................................................................................................................................... 8 2.0 AN OVERVIEW OF RGM .......................................................................................................................... 8 . 2.1 Ready Made Garments Export Condition in brief: .............................................................................. 8 2.3 RECENT GLOBAL TRENDS IN TEXTILE AND GARMENTS: ..................................................................... 9 2.4 Contribution of RMG sector in total export in Bangladesh: ............................................................. 10 2.5 Problem of RMG Export in Bangladesh...
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...Saudi Arabia is a medium political risk country. Saudi Arabia is the No. 1 oil exporter, underpins U.S. security policy in the Middle East and holds great sway over the world's 1.6 billion Muslims through its guardianship of Islam's two holiest sites. The first political risk facing is the succession. King Abdullah turns 90 this year and his heir, half-brother Crown Prince Salman, turns 77. In February he named his youngest half-brother, Prince Muqrin, 70, as second deputy premier, a role often seen as making its holder second-in-line to rule. However, it is not certain that Muqrin will one day become king and the ruling al-Saud family is preparing for the moment when the line of brothers born to its founder Ibn Saud is exhausted and power must move to the next generation. By appointing Ibn Saud's grandsons to new roles, including interior minister and governor of Riyadh province, in recent months, Abdullah has already started the gradual transfer of power to younger princes. The second political risk is the domestic strains. King Abdullah has advanced some economic and social reforms to address youth unemployment, corruption and a lack of housing but offered no big political reforms. Riyadh plans to spend a record $219 billion on welfare and infrastructure in 2013. Tensions smoulder between those who want more social change, such as bringing more women into the workplace, and powerful conservatives who condemn such reforms as un-Islamic. Clerics have protested against the...
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...generally optimistic about its growth trajectory – recently, the director general of the World Trade Organization (WTO) said that Bangladesh was “well on track” to achieve its development goals to become a middle-income country by 2021. The garment industry, which makes up 80 percent of the country’s export earnings and employs over 3.6 million people, has played an enormous role in the country’s economic progress. Due to a number of factors but mostly lower working wages, Bangladesh has beaten some of its neighbors like India, Thailand, Vietnam, and Cambodia to become one of the world’s largest clothing exporters – second only to China. Since the workers of garments industries are driving the economy of Bangladesh to a large extent it is necessary to ascertain a healthy working environment for the workers. The labor law, 2006 states a number of rules regarding safety, health and hygiene and welfare of the workers of Bangladesh. In order to evaluate the true picture of the garments sector a survey has been made on a garments company named “Best Shirts Ltd”. This report presents a detailed explanation of the health and welfare conditions prevailing in that garments factory. Here an effort has been made to capture the authentic picture of the internal condition of the garments factory. 1.1. The Bangladesh Labor Act, 2006 The Bangladesh Labor Act 2006 (BLA 2006) both consolidates the law that existed in 25 Acts and Regulations (including the Factories Act 1965, and Industrial...
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...understand the balance of power in other situations. Porter's 5 Forces are named after Michael E. Porter, this model identifies and analyzes 5 competitive forces that shape every industry, and helps determine an industry's weaknesses and strengths. The forces are, 1. Competition in the industry 2. Potential of New Entrants into Industry 3. Power of Suppliers 4. Power of Buyers 5. Threat of Substitute Products Readymade Garments(RMG) Industry of Bangladesh Bangladesh, the southern Asian country has a population of approximately 164 million people. The economy of Bangladesh is significantly dependent on agriculture. But it’s a great news for the country that, readymade garments (RMG) sector of Bangladesh has raised as the biggest earner of foreign currency. This sector creates about 4.2 million employment opportunities and contributes significantly to the GDP. Readymade garments (RMG) of Bangladesh is powered by young, urbanizing, workers, where most of them are women. History of RMG Industry of Bangladesh The foundation of textile sector was first established in the 60th decade of 19th...
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...Women and Children trafficking in Bangladesh: A Legal Study Md. Saddam Hossen[1] ABSTRACT Sexual abuse, exploitation, trafficking are nightmares for femininity especially for disadvantage groups and trafficking is the most heinous of all. Government as well as Non- Government Organizations is working for Prevention, Protection, Rehabilitation and Reintegration of trafficked victims and population at risk. Though among these, Prevention is the most effective to reduce or eliminate human trafficking it is least utilized. Perhaps lack of mechanisms by which to measure success or outcome of prevention activities is the cause of this. Still some NGOs are working on it. In fact NGOs have been the pioneers in bringing this invisible crime into the public domain by their continuous efforts. Government is now also concerned of it because of international pressure and concern. Government initiatives give emphasis on prosecution but it is a globally chained crime where prosecute real offender is tough. Rather prevention is the possible measure to stop trafficking. It is the only pre-trafficking measure which may help a young girl or child not to be victim of trafficking. NGOs are the only actor at grass root level working for prevention so it is necessary to see- actually what they are doing and has any change took place. . The study explains the definition of trafficking, causes and consequences of trafficking. It also suggest some recommendations for the preventio9n of this problem. ...
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...is located in San Francisco, factories are located throughout the globe. The company has a location in more than 110 countries and because of these locations approximately half the profit is made. While this might sound like it would be a positive for the company but the company’s stakeholders began to scrutinize the ethical practices of some factories. The rumors were circulating underage workers were working illegally based on American laws and standards. The working age for a child in the United States is 15 with parental consent. In the Bangladesh culture a child under the age of 15 was of working age, often the children were typically working to help the family financially. The norm for those 15 year-olds is not attending their local high school but to support their extended family solely on wages made. These children at times had no way of determining their age legally as they were not officially issued a birth certificate. Creating a larger problem for determining how old a child is...
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...help the RMG sector and to boost up the foreign exchange earnings of the country urgently needed at that time. Responding to that necessity, 19 (Nineteen) RMG manufacturers and exporters joined together and by their untiring efforts got Bangladesh Garment Manufacturers and Exporters Association (BGMEA) incorporated on February 20, 1983, Today 2400 small and medium scale privately owned garment factories, registered with BGMEA, spread in cluster over the EPZ and urban areas of Dhaka, Chittagong and Khulna, are manufacturing ready-made garments of varied specifications as per size and designs stipulated by the overseas buyers. Starting with a few items, the entrepreneurs in the RMG sector have widely diversified the product base ranging from ordinary shirt, T-shirt, trousers, shorts, pajama, ladie's wear and children's wear to sophisticated high value items like quality suits, branded jeans items, jackets-both cotton and leather, sweaters, embroidered wear etc. Fetching only US $ 6.4 million in 1981, garment sector of the country has now become an over 2.5-billion-dollar-foreign-exchange-earner, enjoying the status of 5th largest garment exporter and largest shirt and T-shirt exporter to the EU and 6th largest apparel exporter to USA. Bangladesh now exports ready-made garments to...
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