...paper Introduction Child labor is one of the main problems in developing world, especially in the different rural areas of Asian countries. The paper focuses on the issue of child labor and inequality in Gujarat, state of India. The child labor and its impacts on education are very challenging for India therefore solving this problem is a priority issue for the Ministry of agriculture and Rural Development of India. Children are one of the biggest values of the country and their education and wellbeing is one of the priorities of nation. The ministry recognizes the importance of the issue of child labor especially in economic, cultural and social directions. The paper presents the policy plans of the Ministry to address the problematic issues based on inequality and child labor and outlines the policy strategies which should be adopted to address the immensely complex issue of child labor. The child labor is not the issue that concerns only India, it is the big and challenging issue for other Asian countries as well. According to an ILO study on child labor in Asia, 5.5 million children had been forced in labor in Asia. (ILO, 2000), According to ILO 2007, about 10.9 per cent (0.57 million) of children in Ghana, ages 5-14 participate in the labor force and do not attend school. Children in rural areas are more likely than those in urban areas to work without attending school (15.4 vs. 2.9 per cent). The main causes of the child labor in India, namely in Gujarat are poverty...
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...Esfahani Global Management September 7, 2012 Mark Harvey Article Analysis: India Proposes Ban on Child Labor The article chosen for analysis is about the child labor laws in India. Amy Kazmin wrote the article for the Washington Post in August of this year. This analysis will describe the problem in India, the previous laws passed, and if this current law will help children in India. India is known as an “emerging economic powerhouse” (Kazmin, 2012), and is also known to have impoverished children as part of the workforce. According to Kazmin, the number of children in the workforce was estimated in 2001 at 15 million, down to 5 million in 2009 according to Statistics Ministry. This is disputed by UNICEF, who estimates the number of children working under the age of 14 at 28 million. While the laws may help in theory, the enforcement of these laws is another story. A law was passed called the 1986 Child Labor Act, which banned children under 14 from working in any hazardous condition, and later amended in 2006 to include the employment of children in homes, restaurants, or tea stalls. In 2009, the Right to Education act was passed to guarantee all children between 5 and 14 to have the right to free-government education. The problem with these laws is that enforcement is difficult. Many families rely on the income children can earn just to live. It is believed that if a full ban on child labor is enforced, impoverished households would be even more impoverished, and...
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...A Study on Child Labour in Indian Beedi Industry By Dr. Yogesh Dube, Member NCPCR Assisted by Dr. Godsen Mohandoss Senior Technical Expert, NCPCR National Commission for Protection of Child Rights 5th Floor, Chandralok Building, 36- Janpath New Delhi – 110001 August 2013 Child Labour In Indian Beedi Industry Beedi Industry in India Beedies are made up of tendu leaves hand rolled with shredded tobacco. The beedi enterprises in India were established initially as cottage or family business houses, and grew into a massive industry with high turnover and enormous employment potential. In India, beedi industry is a major revenue source in many parts of the country where five lakhs million beedies1 are manufactured every year which worth nearly 65 million. States like Madhya Pradesh, Andhra Pradesh, Bihar and Odisha are involved in both manufacturing of beedies and tendu leaves growing. Nearly 4.5 million workers are engaged in beedi industry in India with largest number in Madhya Pradesh (18.3 %), followed by Andhra Pradesh (14.4 %) and Tamil Nadu (13.8 %)2. Majority of the beedi workers are engaged in beedi rolling in home based work from the organized factories which has only ten percent of the workers involved in beedi rolling. Mostly the economically and socially backward populations are involved in beedi industry. It is to be noted that the tendu 1 Government of India, Report Circulated in the National Workshop on Beedi Workers Housing, Ministry...
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...IKEA’s view of child labor on the broadcast. Facing the crisis directly rather than escaping the problem is a smart way to solve the crisis. She should use this broadcast to transfer anti child labor message to the public for IKEA and defeat the accusing from the German media face to face. Especially after inspecting India, Nepal and Pakistan, Barner grabbed first hand information to reveal how deep this socioeconomic problem embeds in these countries. She also should announce all the efforts IKEA makes on this issue, such as an anti child labor clause in the supply contract, a third party monitor system to child labor practices at the suppliers in India and Pakistan, and an action of joining the Regmark to deal with the child labor problem on products from India. 2. Barner should stop the business with Rangan Exports according to the anti child labor clause in the contract. This action will be a strong symbol to clarify IKEA’s stand on the child labor issue. It will help IKEA win trusts from the public. Learning from the incidence happened in 1980s, which caused IKEA lost 20% business in Denmark, IKEA should realize how important a positive publicity is to IKEA’s business. A positive social image is the foundation of companies dealing with B2C business. On the other hand, stopping contract with Rangan Exports is also a serious example to educate the other suppliers in India or other countries to focus on the issue of child labor and anti child labor clause in the...
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...------------------------------------------------- Child labour in India From Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia Young boy stacking plates in Bangalore Child labor in India and rest of the world, per World Bank data. India is colored in green with 10-20% incidence levels, along with countries colored in red (30-40%) and black (>40%). Child labour in India is the practice where children engage in economic activity, on part-time or full-time basis. The practice deprives children of their childhood, and is harmful to their physical and mental development. Poverty, lack of good schools and growth of informal economy are considered as the important causes of child labour in India.[1][2] b The 2001 national census of India estimated the total number of child labour, aged 5–14, to be at 12.6 million.[3] Child labor problem is not unique to India; worldwide, about 215 million children work, many full-time.[4] In 2001, out of a 12.6 million, about 0.12 million children in India were in a hazardous job.[5]UNICEF estimates that India with its larger population, has the highest number of labourers in the world under 14 years of age, while sub-saharan African countries have the highest percentage of children who are deployed as child labour.[6][7][8] International Labour Organization estimates that agriculture at 60 percent is the largest employer of child labor in India,[9] while United Nation's Food and Agriculture Organization estimates 70 percent of child labour is deployed in agriculture and...
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...CHILD LABOR IN INDIA The position of India in terms of child labor is not an appreciable one; with a credible estimates ranging from 60 to 115 million, India has the largest number of working children in the world. Whether they are sweating in the heat of stone quarries, working in the fields 16 hours a day, picking rags in the city streets, or hidden away as domestic servants, these children endure miserable and difficult lives. They earn little and are made to work more. They struggle to make enough to eat and perhaps to help feed their families as well. They do not go to school. Many of them have been working since the age of four or five, and by the time they attain adulthood they may be irrevocably sick and deformed they will certainly be exhausted, and in this way they are debarred from enjoying the basic human rights, which are essential for the advancement of one’s personality. According to the statistics given by Indian government there are 20 million child laborers in the country, while other agencies claim that it is 50 million. Child labor is a conspicuous problem in India. Its prevalence is evident in the child work participation rate, which is more than that of other developing countries. Poverty is the reason for child labor in India. The meager income of child laborers is also absorbed by their families. The paucity of organized banking in the rural areas creates a void in taking facilities, forcing poor families to push their children in harsh labor, the harshest...
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...In many countries there are human rights abuses which keep people from doing things that they which to do child abuse is one of the most important form of human rights. Unlike the United States, where people has freedom of speech, freedom of religion ect also in the United States every child deserve the right to have an education, but in India its not so, poor children in India begin working at a very young and tender age when they are suppose to be in school getting a education, which every child deserves to get. Many children have to work to help their families and some families expect their children to continue the family business at a young age instead of going to school. One of this country is India, in this country children are forced into labor, and still not receiving the education that they deserve. According to research there are about 60 to 115 million working children the highest in the world. In addition they also states that the government refuse to look into the matter of child labor. According to research it was reported that in 1981 there were about 13.6 million child laborers in India. The reports had stated that child labor in India was divided into nine industrial divisions. These nine different industries are Cultivation Agricultural Labor Livestock, Forestry, Fishing, Plantation, Mining and Quarrying, Manufacturing, Processing, Servicing and Repairs, Construction, Trade and Commerce, Transport, Storage and Communication. Children under the age...
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...take a confrontational and aggressive approach aimed directly at IKEA and one of its suppliers. The best defense is to take this opportunity to fight back. • Since IKEA already signed agreement on not using child labor, they can’t ignore the challenge this program may bring. • IKEA has gained some positive accomplishments to the child labor issue and took actions to eradicate child labor. It is a good chance to further publicize their efforts. • Marianne should prepare herself well by analyzing the situation of that year (May 1995) before going to the program; Rangan Exports should be investigated by both independent 3rd party auditors and IKEA before the program. • It is the opportunity to communicate with the public regarding Ikea’s long-term strategy with accurate milestones to prevent child labor, in response to their social responsibility. • If Marianne is not outspoken, an eloquent person from the senior management who is familiar with IKEA’s child labor issue and company’s stand should go to the program. 2. Should IKEA continue to deal with Rangan Exports? • No. Rangan Exports apparently violated the contractual commitment it had made not to use child labor. Legally speaking, IKEA should terminate the contact right away. • In 1994 after the Pakistan child labor issue, IKEA already had a clause to all supply contracts, stating that if the supplier employed children under legal working age, the contract would be cancelled (a “black-and-white” clause). • By halting...
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...News Analysis In 2009, there was a piece of news reported by New Tang Dynasty Television informing the current situation of child labor in India. The news took advantage of real shooting on children’s working condition to indicate millions of children were deprived of childhood and engaged in detrimental jobs instead. It was acknowledged that the exploitation of child labor has been deemed as an accepted practice in India and child workers actually played an indispensable role in Indian workforce, but this would not raise public awareness and government attention. At the beginning, the TV news anchor briefly introduced the uncontrolled phenomenon of child labor in India by pointing out numerous children were compelled to work for little or no pay. Then the lens cut into the scene of an India child labor working on a variety of bangles while sitting on the shabby footstep, with the subtitle of “Child Labor Stile Rampant” on the screen. The news also provided a scope of the Indian northern state of Kolkata, which was famous for abundant bangles, depicting that a number of child workers were engaging in the bangle market under the jam-packed and disordered environment. Unexpectedly, a close shot of three smiling Indian kids with curious eyes appeared on the screen, which presented a conspicuous contrast with the subsequent interview of a slightly elder child work named Vikrantk. He worked for a bangle factory for 8 hours and only earned 35 rupees per day. He said he had no time to...
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...India has the largest child population in the world. In 2010, the United Nations International Children's Emergency Fund reported that 20 percent of worlds’ children population are in India. India children population for ages 0 to14 exceeded the Chinese children population in 2010 by 66 million (UNICEF 3). However, India has the world’s largest children population, not all Indians children have the same opportunity to grow up healthy, educated, and able to fulfil their desires and potential as other children from other nations around the world. Forty percent of children in India are vulnerable to experience difficulties (Actionaid India, 9). Extreme poverty, social stratification, lack of education, and child labor have had devastating consequences on India’s children; these reasons are the main causes that create the phenomenon of street children in India, and especially in Mumbai. Many poor households due to the low wages in adult labor market have sent their children to the streets of busy cities such Mumbai to earn supplementary income to help their families to survive. India’s caste system also deeps the gap between poor and rich, and increases the social stratification between the social classes. Therefore, many poor families have found themselves forced to exclude their children from education to help them earning extra income to pay for basic life’s needs. In my paper, I will examine the causes, effects, and consequences of street children problem in Mumbai from sociological...
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...Explore other low cost geography: India is the number one suppliers of IKEA’s rug business. Conclusion are made that some of the reasons why IKEA decided to procure from India are due to cheap labor and high quality. Before entering India, IKEA felt that strategically, India would put them at an advantage compared to its competitors. The question Barner faces in this case is weather it is strategic for IKEA to stay in India. Leaving India If IKEA were to leave India it would need to find a supplier that is comparable to the suppliers in India. The new location must be statically located, where IKEA could capture transportation value. Suppliers in this new geographic location must be able to produce at the level of production, quality, and reliability as the ones in India. There was no mentioned of the performances in India, but it would be safe to assume that rug making was a specialized handicraft that India encompassed. IKEA would need to find suppliers that has or would be able to meet that skill level. Leaving India would mean that IKEA in away is “giving up” on India. Large companies like IKEA, find India attractive to source from because of its cheap labor and skilled labor. If IKEA were to leave India that would demonstrate that they do not support India’s child labor laws. If IKEA were to do so, consumers would look at other companies currently sourcing from India to do the same. That would in turn affect the economy of India; cause the labor force to loose jobs and income...
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...coin has two sides. Accepting this invitation is the opportunity for IKEA to quickly response the child labor issue in public media. In this way, IKEA could assure that they will be more aware of social responsibility and potential upcoming social issues in the future. However, the German Video Program won’t allow the company to preview the video and that the program clearly “planned to take a confrontational and aggressive approach aimed directly at IKEA”. If they go to the invitation with no preparation of what kinds of issue and questions could probably be faced with, it might potentially mislead by the videos or questions they answered in the show. Therefore, Marianne Barner should politely refuse the invitation and respond the video when they have a chance to review and verify the truth in the video. While, in the meantime, IKEA have time to investigate the truth and assign more policies to against child labor issue for their suppliers. 2. What actions should she take regarding the IKEA supply contract with Rangan Exports? IKEA should sent out the investigation term to figure out the truth whether the Rangan Exports failed in compliance with the ethical standard that laid out by IKEA. Additionally, they should perform this investigation on all of their suppliers to prevent similar problems happen in the future. Because this was second time IKEA evolved in child labor social issues which damage their reputation. They need to reinforce their considerations on social...
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...Role of States and IOs in Reduction of Child Labor: Analysis Based on Abolitionist and Protectionist Approaches Jin Hun An 2013470001 International Organizations 18 June 2013 Child Labor – Overview and Definition Overview Globalization embodies a process of recurring interaction between diverse actors in pursuit of collective goals. With a rise of new technology, a concept of time and space has diminished, and 21st century has seen economic success and increasing numbers of transnational activities. Growing influence of global civil society and cross-border social movements demonstrate how people in the contemporary era seek ways to bring about mutual benefits in hopes of closing gaps between developed and developing countries. (Baylis, Smith, & Owens, 2011) Nevertheless, severe poverty, human rights violations, as well as child labor issues are still prevalent in many developing countries. Worst of all, women and children are victims of governmental apathy and corruption in most persecuted communities. Children in developing countries with ill-constructed welfare system undergo extreme poverty and malnourishment. For their families’ survival, children under the age of fourteen work for the whole day, and they do not have any spare time to go to schools. Pakrashi (2009) has demonstrated a vicious cycle of child labor trap in Sub-Saharan Africa and Asia: “Despite the high private rate of return to primary education, in Sub-Saharan Africa and Asia, many families...
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...IKEA should stop getting their goods from India until child labor is eliminated from their suppliers because the company is losing their good reputation and also a significant amount of profits. IKEA should terminate the contract with Rangan even though it was one of the main manufactures because they were the ones that did not follow what the contract said concerning child labor and also because they were the ones that gave IKEA a bad reputation. IKEA will have the opportunity to look for another supplier that produces rugs and at the same quality and for lower prices. This will help IKEA get their good reputation back and help them to continue selling their products for lower prices. Before making the contract with the new supplier, IKEA should ensure that the new supplier will agree to not have child labor in their factories. If this agreement is broken IKEA will end the contract. If IKEA makes these changes I think IKEA will avoid child labor issue with their suppliers. IKEA associated with manufacturers in foreign countries that provided goods for a lower cost to the company. IKEA bought rugs from India at a cheaper price, “To create a better everyday life for the many people,” however IKEA did not know that India was using child labor. They gained success by selling furniture to the public for a lower price. Unfortunately, IKEA was accused for child labor in India. IKEA was told that their producers were using child labor, which means that there were children working...
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...stories, the company has faced environmental and social issues. IKEA’s Global Sourcing Challenge involving Indian rugs as well as child labor is a complicated case of social issues. Whenever a company founds itself involved in a child labor controversy, it can severely damage the customer’s perception of the company. This impact can prove to be irreversible. In 1994, a Swedish television network showed a documentary film about children working in Pakistan, targeting IKEA. In India, IKEA faced criticism about child labor from various international organizations. In the spring of 1995, another film is threaten to be shown on German television about children working at looms at Rangan Exports, a company used by IKEA and the producer then invited IKEA to send someone to take part in a live discussion during the airing of the program. These events urged the company to consider environmental and social issues more seriously, and therefore, find a solution. Just like any other globalizaed company, IKEA needs to get the cheapest supplies and therefore go to countries that offer cheap labor. However, developing countries involved in IKEA´s production such as India, and Pakistan are facing a lot of social issues about human rights. When IKEA set its foot in these countries, it could not avoid these problems. For example in India, estimates of child labor in India vary from the government’s 1991 census figure of 11.3 million children under 15 working to Human Rights Watch’s estimate of between...
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