...Early Childhood Research Quarterly 19 (2004) 375–397 The early childhood classroom observation measure Deborah Stipek∗ , Patricia Byler School of Education, Stanford University, 485 Lasuen Mall, Stanford, CA 94305-3096, USA Abstract This study assesses a new measure of early childhood classroom practice in 127 kindergarten- and first-grade classrooms. The measure was designed to be appropriate for classrooms serving children from the age of 4–7 years. It assesses the nature and quality of instruction as well as the social climate and management of the classroom. Two separate scales assess the degree to which constructivist, child-centered and the degree to which didactic, teachercentered instructional practices are implemented. Findings indicate that the measure produced reliable scores and meaningful, predictable associations were found between scores on the observation measure, on the one hand, and teachers’ self-reported practices, teaching goals, relationships with children, and perceptions of children’s ability to be self-directed learners, on the other. © 2004 Elsevier Inc. All rights reserved. Keywords: Early childhood; Classroom observation; Teaching; ECCOM; Measure 1. Introduction Political and public concerns about improving education have been fueled recently by reports highlighting the number of students, particularly from economically disadvantaged homes, who fail to achieve minimum academic standards. The National Center for Educational Statistics (2002)...
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...Early Childhood Education Jenelle Johnson PSYC2700 - Child Development U03a1 Early Childhood Education Capella University December, 2014 Early Childhood Education Early childhood education is education that is geared for children three to eight years old, however, early childhood education can start as early as infants at birth through the age of eight years old. Early childhood programs were developed for all children who could not otherwise afford quality preschool or daycare programs. It is the belief that all children benefit from education at an early age. Early education is important to the development of these young children. These programs offer assistance, resources, and education to both the children and parents. Programs all over the world have been implemented to help young impoverished children have an early start to education. This paper will discuss the policy of the Head Start Act, the benefits of receiving early childhood education, and characteristics of a good high quality early childhood program. Early childhood is an important time for children as they grow and learn so much. So many important factors such as health and nutrition, economic status, education and daycare programs, and positive effective parenting are all huge factors that can have an effect of the development process of the young child. Because of the importance of all these variables, programs have been developed and policies have been made to assure that all children have...
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...Deborah Hawkins Early Child Development Chapters 6-11 Sharon Garrett Models-These are the models that are used for Early Childhood Development 1. Head Start: Empowering for Change from Within 2. The High Scope Foundations: Planning, Implementing, and Reviewing Best Practices 3. The Project Approach: Active Inquiry in Early Childhood 4. The Schools of Reggio Emilia: A Child’s World 5. Montessori Education: Environment, Materials, and Methods 6. Waldorf education: Harmony and the Whole Child Head Start- In 1964 under President Lyndon Johnson Sargent Shriver assembled a committee and put together a group of sociologists, psychologists, and pediatricians to design a system that would assist children to overcome their setbacks or obstacles caused by poverty. Before the name Head Start was establish, the committee had tossed around several different names, e.g., Kiddie Corps, and Bay Corps however the name Head Start was chosen by the academics who understood the achievement gap between middle class students and their lower class peers (Kagan, 2002). President Johnson announced Project Head Start in May of 1965, President Johnson and Mr. Shiver used the (Office of Economic Opportunity) to establish the Head Start program (Kagan, 2002). It started as an eight week summer program for children from low income communities that were going into public school in the fall (Styfco and Zigler, 2003). In the first summer of the Head Start Program it served over...
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...The Early Childhood Education Education is an asset for every person and probably the most important pert is when it starts, at early childhood. This decides the child's attitude to education throughout life and its capacity to learn. Children start to learn early in life and though it may not be realized that even during the first few months of life the child begins experimenting with language. The attitudes towards literacy develop during this period and all important concepts of literacy expand during these years through the care of the adults and various forms of print that they chance to meet. This important form of literacy is composed of several key components according to the experts on literacy and this first of these is phonetic awareness. This is an understanding that speech contains many units like spoken words, syllables and sounds. The children gradually become familiar with names of letters, their shapes and sounds. Over a period of time they also develop the capacity to take every spoken word apart in terms of sound and also combine sounds to form words. (Promoting Literacy Activities in Early Childhood Settings) The children have to hear and say the parts of the word and then only they can learn to read it. They have to understand the importance of each sound in a word, as this is the only way they will learn to say the word properly and not develop too much of an accent or slang which will hurt the ability of individuals to understand it. For this purpose...
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...The problem of overweight and obesity has become a national public health concern. Conditions associated with physical inactivity and poor nutrition may soon overtake tobacco as the leading of preventable death in the United States (Us. Department of Health & Human Services).Childhood obesity is not merely an issue in the United States-it is an epidemic. The number of overweight and obese children in America has increased at an alarming rate over the past years, and there is no chance of it slowing down unless action is taken. There have been many theories as to why this is happening, however, the main concern is how to prevent it from happening. In order to reduce the number of childhood obesity cases in this country the necessary steps to be taken are to start educating the parents and their children about the dangers of obesity and to prevent it, provide children with more physical activity, and gain more serious support from the school system. Parents should be aware of the fact that there is a significant difference between the terms overweight and obese. Overweight means that the individual weighs more than normal. Obese means that the individual is extremely overweight. Nearly 1 in 3 parents whose children were referred to an obesity clinic did not perceive their child’s weight as a health problem ( Huffington post). It might be hard for parents to be objective about theirs child’s weight and health unless someone else, such as a...
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...GETTING THE RIGHT START WITH EARLY EDUCATION UNIT 6 Project Bill Stout CM107 GETTING THE RIGHT START WITH EARLY EDUCATION I. Introduction a. Early Childhood Education is more important than you think. b. There are programs out there to help everyone. II. The benefits of starting a child’s education properly are more than you think. a. Starting school at the same level as most children. b. A greater chance of not dropping out and finishing throw high school and possibly college. III. How should parents participate in their child’s education? a. Using age-appropriate materials so as they don’t hinder their Education. b. Enrolling their children in programs early so they learn how to Socialize with their peers. IV. Conclusion Other than teacher’s parents play a large role in their child’s early education, knowing what to do and when to do it will benefit your child more than you think. Early Childhood Education is more important than you think; it has been proven that children who started their education at an early age do not begin kindergarten at the same level as other students. Having a successful child is being a successful parent; Start them in the right direction from the beginning. Parents can start this process before the children are you born. Pre-birth impact, if the child is exposed to positive things it will reflect on them after they are born and if exposed to negative things that impact will be the same. A parent would...
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...Philosophy of Early Childhood Education The process of educating children begins at a young age in the early childhood program. Children need to be received in a warm inviting classroom in which the social, emotional, physical and cognitive development are a priority and address on a daily basis. Meeting the children’s needs of feeling safe and nurtured at school will facilitate learning to take place. Before students entered the classrooms to be filled with factual knowledge under scripted lessons that were to accommodate all learners. Educating children these days is more like an art that requires the use of creativity and knowledge to consider the student’s needs to prepare the lessons, incorporate personal philosophies, and implement the proper pedagogic strategies to develop children’s academic potential. Being an early childhood teacher is a privilege that requires to be assumed with responsibility as early childhood teachers spend the majority of the day teaching children who’s both parents work to cover the family needs. Children at the Pre K to K start school between the ages of 3-5 depending on the program and school children are attending. For my final paper, I will identify and discuss the theories and/or philosophies that demonstrate how I envision the appropriate classroom to be for the selected age group. I will also provide an overview of the concepts I will teach in each academic area, and share some of the strategies and activities that will be implemented...
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...projects required by your instructor. Knowingly submitting another person’s work as your own, without properly citing the source of the work, is considered plagiarism. This will result in an unsatisfactory grade for the work submitted or for the entire course. It may also result in academic dismissal from the University. | | | |ECE7001-8 |Dr. Patricia Candler | | | | |Topics in Early Childhood Education |Assignment 5 | | | |...
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...A History of Early Childhood – Johann Pestalozzi Johann Pestalozzi was an 18th century educational reformer who believed that every child has the innate ability to develop emotionally, intellectually and physically when given education. Another belief of his is that true learning and development of a skill takes place best when a child is participating in an activity that requires the particular skill instead of the traditional passive form of education. (Brühlmeier, A. 2010) His philosophy basically states that every child has the capacity to develop holistically through education. I find this to be true as this is basis on which modern education systems function and it has been proving that the provision of education can develop a well-rounded individual regardless of the child’s family background or economic status. With regards to the different methods that facilitate learning, I find that it is especially essential to incorporate hands on activities that through completing, teach the child a certain skill or concept. This not only makes the child an active participant in his learning but also gives him the opportunity to use his senses in unison with his intellect, which I believe develops the cognitive ability. After observing some of the children in my class who are mostly three year olds, I’ve come to realize that they learn through experience and play. When they are taken out for outdoor activities, they learn to run carefully by previous experiences of...
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...The Need for Early Education 1 The Need for Early Education The Need for Early Childhood Education Amanda Snyder University of Phoenix The Need for Early Education 2 The Need for Early Childhood Education Early childhood education has many benefits; the most important one teaching young children the necessary learning skills they need to grow socially, and developmentally; children are growing and learning every day so the earlier they start their education the better. The need to provide more children early education is huge, no matter what the family income is. Every child deserves to have a chance to excel in their own future. This paper will address the benefits of early childhood education and the different types of programs available. The positive affect that can happen to children attending early childhood education centers such as head start, pre-k, or a local daycare center are extraordinary. The need for this early education is crucial to children’s futures. “Research shows the benefits to the child include improved readiness to learn, improved early literacy, decreased need for remedial or special education placement, and improved cognitive development. Long term, research shows a stronger likelihood to graduate from high school, improved academic confidence, and more participation in post-secondary education.” (Pennsylvania...
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...LEARNING ENVIRONMENTS and DEVELOPMENTAL DOMAINS ECE101 Introduction to Early Childhood Education September 19, 2014 Introduction A teacher’s classroom environment is an ultimate concern in the beginning of each school year. This is in addition to designing an effective learning environment for reading, science and art projects among many subjects. Another important concern is arranging a generous amount of physical space with learning goals, while ensuring that each student adapts to all instructional requirements and needs. The first step to a well-equipped classroom setting providing sufficient reading and writing materials promoting an ultimate learning environment. This paper will provide a classroom designed for preschoolers between the ages of two to five years old in a daycare center. “Paraphrasing Loris Malaguzzi, founder of Reggio Emilia, it all starts with the environment – the entrance, the space, the walls (Edwards, Gandini, & Forman, 1998)” (Roskos, K., Neuman, S. (2011). Not only learning will occur, social interactions, friendships and other encounters among the teacher and students will transpire daily. The classroom environment also maps out emotions, thinking, behaviors, and qualities which will effect these preschooler’s lives forever. The classroom can either be a negative or positive environment. This all relies on the teacher’s shoulders. Physical Domain The classroom learning environment design supports the children’s physical development such...
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...Critically evaluate Montessori’s ideas for the education of young children and discuss whether they provide a model for early years practice today Structure of the work; Montessori’s ideas on education? 1. Her ideas about what is learning/ the materials the child uses? 2. The ideas for the child’s environments? Everything there? To support their learning? Bringing the Montessori Approach to your Early Years Practice. pages: 18 3. Role of the teacher? Then Compare today’s ideas 1. How does her use of materials set in today’s theory? How does her materials support today’s learning? 2. Does her theory fit today theory? 3. Role of teachers does it set in today’s theory? Her ideas then and now? relevant education materials children tend to teach themselves? but today, materials sharing with each other and talk to each other. The basic goals of the Montessori Method are to develop the child’s independence and productivity as well as preserve the dignity of the child while focusing on the psychological health of the child. Education for the Montessori Method begins at birth and continues through the first six years. These early years are essential for development. To develop skills there are delicate time frames where learning is uninterrupted. This learning can be encouraged by experiences Observation: the key role of the teacher is that of observing the child and letting him express himself. Montessori’s scientific background suggested...
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...Many people have reservations about the importance of pre-kindergarten education. This was clearly manifest in 2006 when the California legislature unsuccessfully attempted to pass a law that would make pre-school education mandatory for all children. Many Californians did not agree with the importance of using tax payer funds to fund mandatory pre-school programs, including parents desiring to educate their children themselves. Research has show that children enrolled in Head Start programs benefit by receiving formal education before kindergarten. According to some studies, children enrolled in these programs are more behaved and have higher IQ scores upon enrolling kindergarten than their peers without formal education. Likewise, it was shown that children enrolled in Head Start programs learned quicker than children not enrolled in these programs. Critics of pre-kindergarten education claim the differences between children enrolled in pre-school programs and children not receiving formal education are only discernible during kindergarten, first, and second grade. During subsequent years, children who've not received formal education prior to kindergarten test at the same level and behave like their peers with pre-kindergarten formal education. Therefore, Head Start children may be at an advantage for a couple of years, but after that, their classmates perform at similar levels. Another major problem with Head Start programs is that children qualifying for these programs...
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...Preschool makes kids’ future better Some people believe that it is a waste of time to have their kids go to preschool. My stance is by attending preschool children have a head start in life and it improves their future. I interviewed a friend that has a different view. My main reason is that kids have 13 years (and then college!) that they "have" to be in school. Preschool (in my opinion) is glorified daycare that takes time away that little kids should be spending with their parents. So much of what they are taught can be learned in day-to-day life (letters and early reading, counting and numbers, colors and behavior) from their parents, family, friends, and the world they interact with. Putting most kids in a classroom setting at 2, 3 or 4 years old is not necessary. There are issues (speech or hearing delays, autism, learning disabilities, etc.) that should be handled by professionals, but even then, that does not necessarily mean a school setting. Katie didn't set foot in a classroom until her first day of kindergarten. Only one of my nephews went to Head Start, and that, honestly, was just to give my SIL a break for a couple of hours because she also had a nursing newborn. All of the 7 kids on my side of the family are doing well in school, and they've never had trouble adjusting to the rules, routine, or structure of school. Keep in mind also that one of my nephews has ADHD and Katie takes medication for ADD. My (almost) 13 year old nephew has been diagnosed with bipolar...
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...Summary of presentations The workshop was opened by Professor Bo Samuelsson, Göteborg University, who referred to the concept of sustainable development as an ever-evolving concept; it could and should not be defi ned in one single way.4 He spoke of education for sustainable development as a learning process and not a product. He also mentioned that the present practices were far from sustainable, and that it might be easier to defi ne what are unsustainable practices rather than sustainable ones. Professor Charles Hopkins, UNESCO Chair in Reorienting Teacher Education towards Sustainability, stated that, to his knowledge, this was the fi rst international workshop on education for sustainable development with specifi c reference to young children. Raising provocative questions such as: ‘What does it mean to be more instead of having more?’, ‘What is enough?’, ‘What is for all’, he pointed to the necessity of changing our perspectives and ways of living if our societies were to become more sustainable. He said that many paths could be taken, and that in order that the right ones were taken, world citizens must be educated, well informed and uphold democratic values. Furthermore, he claimed that while rich countries continued to cause the largest problems related to sustainable development, their perspectives, values and knowledge were listened to more often vis-à-vis those of developing countries. As a promoter of the United Nations Convention on the...
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