...Question 1Children learn best by observing the behavior of adults and copying it. Do you agree or disagree? Use specific reasons and examples to support your answer. Young children are naturally curious about cause and effect, and are naturally motivated to learn all about the “how’s” and “whys” of the world. Babies and children are like little scientists. They gather evidence by observing and experiencing the world. While playing with dolls, searching through a toy box, or banging blocks together in a seemingly haphazard manner, they’re actually engaging in a quite rational process of making hypotheses, evaluating statistical data, and dismissing prior beliefs when presented with stronger evidence. They also display remarkable psychological intuition and, by observing the actions of other people, can determine underlying motivations, desires and preferences. Children learn about people from statistical information and they in turn evaluate evidence in light of their developing social knowledge, in an ongoing, reinforcing cycle. By the time children are in preschool, they already understand a lot about other people’s desires, preferences, beliefs and emotions. But how do they learn about these internal motivations? It is generally thought that children pick up this knowledge from emotional cues such as facial expressions. Kids gain knowledge best by watching conducts of adults and replicating it is a contentious one. Many people think that this is the most effective...
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...statement that children learn best by watching and imitating adults’ conducts and behaviour. Even though children develop their own thoughts and personality, those elements are continually shaped and influenced by the environment. Behaviour of adults are the best way children learn because of the proximity of parents and their children, Adult’s behaviour plays a significant role in modelling children’s personality. It is often mentioned that parents are the first teacher of their child. Although parents sometimes do not intend to teach the children certain things, kids have started to imitate and watch what their parents are doing. Since the first day a baby was born, the baby starts learning through imitating and observing each movement of the adults. As children grow, adults around them tend to have important effect on their decision making skill and logical thinking. Adults should set a good example for children as they learn by paying attention to people around them. For example, little girls enjoy playing making up in front of the mirror after seeing their mother making up. Boys, in the other hand, learn to play football and video games after seeing their fathers doing these. However, imitation occur in both good and bad way as children also imitate the bad stuff people around them perform. For instance, children growing up hearing vulgar language, they would think that it is the right thing to do and follow the behaviour. That is why it is important for adults with children...
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...The Way Children Learn The upbringing of a child is a complicated process and as the parent you need to find the right methods of dealing with a child in order to develop a good personality, and not to harm the growing person. However, many people argue the many methods out there of teaching and upbringing. Which method is more effective and should be used in your practice? For most people, they feel that a child learns best by copying the behavior of adults. Children start to learn the day of their birth and their teachers are their parents. Parents show their children how to behave, listen, eat, play, talk, and walk and so on. The parent shapes the child’s behavior, thinking and opinions. As the child, they look to their parents and observe them doing things like helping them cook, clean, etc. This helps them to learn. Actions like this are argued to be the best ways for the child to learn. Nevertheless, a child observing their parents also has some disadvantages. Children are like sponges, soaking up everything. They not only mimic the good behavior, but they also pick up the bad. Looking at it from this perspective makes this method harmful and possibly damaging. The children can copy bad habits such as smoking, drinking alcohol, or become argumentative by watching conflicts between two parents. Seeing these behaviors can cause the child to repeat the process when they become adults. Many parents try to keep their children out of conflicts, but the child is still...
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...make a mental list of points you could use as evidence for or against an issue. Consider Both Sides of Your Topic and Take a Position Once you have selected a topic you feel strongly about, you should make a list of points for both sides of the argument. One of your first objectives in your essay will be to present both sides of your issue with an assessment of each. Of course, you will conclude that one side (your side) is the best conclusion. In the planning stage you will need to consider strong arguments for the "other" side. Then you'll shoot them down! Gather Evidence When we think of arguments we might picture two red-faced people speaking quite loudly and making dramatic gestures. But that's because face-to-face arguments often become emotional. In fact, the act of arguing involves providing proof to support your claim, with or without emotions. In an argument essay you will have to provide evidence without providing too much drama. You'll explore two sides of a topic (briefly) and provide proof as to why one side or position is the best one. Writing Stage Once you've given yourself a...
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...Aggressive Behavior of Grade One Pupils in Brion-Silva Elementary School A Title Proposal Presented to DR. JOCELYN CASTILLO In Partial Fulfillment of the Requirements In EDUC 501 RESEARCH METHODOLOGY By: MELANNIE D. ARCENAS MAED-EM CHAPTER I The Problem and Its Background Introduction The environment in the twenty-first century is media rich. People of all ages are surrounded by media from morning until night. We hear it greet us on our alarm clocks or on the radio in our vehicles, see it on billboards outside or in magazines while waiting for the doctor, and view it using computers, playing gaming devices or when watching television. The American Academy of Pediatrics recommends that parents school going children to no more than 1 to 2 hours of quality educational television content per day, and that children under the age of two not be exposed to any type of television or screen time at all (Anderson & Pempek, 2005; AAP, 1995; Anderson et al., 2003). These limits are prescribed to allow for children’s developing minds to use imagination, explore the world and increase physical activity and interaction with family or friends (Funk, Brouwer, Curtiss & McBroom, 2009). However, parents and other adults seem to be taking this recommendation lightly. One of the largest national studies of preschool-aged media effects, the Kaiser Family Report (2003), showed that the use of television among the children keeps rising...
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...My Virtual Child, Peyton Basically, this is all about my virtual child, Peyton. That's all I will be talking about in this...I know it's exciting! Thursday, November 27, 2008 Bonus Assignment 1. Are there any issues you had with your parents, your school work, your friends, or your romantic involvements in the last year of high school that continued to be issues for you in college? First of all, don’t all teenagers have issues with their parents? I didn’t have a ton of issues with them as most kids did when I was in high school. My school work has always been pretty consistent with me staying on top of things and doing my homework when I was suppose to. My last year of high school is when I had my first real relationship and that continued into my first year of college, but it was no big thing. I really didn’t have too many issues in high school, I’m not saying that I was perfect, but I was very quiet and I only had one really good friend in high school. The only big issue that I had was I had a tough time having a good work ethic. I started working when I was 16 and let me just say I had terrible work ethics. My parents had to help me come to like to work and appreciate what I was working for. By the time I got into college, this wasn’t a problem anymore. 2. Reflect on your own personality, interests and cognitive abilities at the time you graduated high school. How did these personality characteristics and abilities manifest themselves in subsequent years? How have they...
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... their diet and generally their lifestyle. Did you know? Most babies weigh between 5 1/2 and 10 pounds, and are between 18 and 22 inches long. Male babies are generally slightly heavier and longer than female babies. Pregnancy individual who is pregnant, your body changes in many different ways for example; the women will start to feel nauseous, begin to have a metallic taste in their mouth and will begin to experience breast tenderness, but of course this is also depending on the individual as not everyone gets the same symptoms and pain when experiencing pregnancy. Birth and Infancy Physical development- In the first three months of a baby’s life, they will begin to learn how to control their movements and muscles. The head is the first movement of motor control and then they will begin to learn how to control the rest of their muscles from the head down. Once a baby has reached one month old, they should be able to move their head from side to side. From this they can then begin to move their hands and arms around and kick their legs. At one month old a baby is also able to follow object with their eyes, for example; if you have a toy and put the object in front of the baby and move it up and down or side to side, the baby will be able to keep eye contact on...
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...Your Friends • The Zone of Proximal Development • Scaffolding: Support during Learning Recent Sociocultural Views of Cognitive Development • Stage 1: Sensorimotor Thought (Birth to 2 Years) • Stage 2: Preoperational Thought (2 to 7 Years) • Stage 3: Concrete Operational Thought (7 to 11 Years) • Stage 4: Formal Operational Thought (Approximately Age 12 and Above) • Evaluation of Piaget’s Theory • Piaget’s Legacy • Situated Cognition • Guided Participation • Thinking as Socially Shared Cognition: Two Heads Are Better than One “Maria wants to pick the best school for her sons, so she plans to observe and interview teachers.” © Robin Sachs/PhotoEdit M aria is the mother of two boys, ages 4½ and 12, and she and her children recently moved into a new community. The new community has a schoolchoice program that allows families to place their children in any school in the district. Maria wants to pick the best school for her sons, so she plans to observe and interview...
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...often at the expense of others. Cheating implies the breaking of rules. Cheating is a primordial economic act: getting more for less, often used when referring to marital infidelity.3 Cheating is when a person misleads, deceives, or acts dishonestly on purpose.17 Cheating fundamentally includes several elements of both lying and stealing, with specific motivations to gain something of value by illegitimate means. That is why lying and stealing are discussed before cheating. Cheating is lying and/or stealing with the intention for acquiring something for more than merely the "pleasure" of fooling or depriving others. Children Cheating as a concept is not understood by children until around age seven. Preschoolers often change the rules to a game as they play, innocent of the fact that rules must remain consistent to have any meaning. By seven, however, children have gained an understanding of rules, fairness, and honesty, and cheating then becomes intentional.16 As with lying andstealing, cheating is a social exercise, whose negative consequences must be experienced...
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...example, Mr. Jacobs's report of incision pain and his expression of concern about whether the pain means that he will not be able to go home as soon as he hoped are subjective findings. Subjective data usually include feelings, perceptions, and self-report of symptoms. Only patients provide subjective data relevant to their health condition. The data sometimes reflect physiological changes, which you further explore through objective data collection. --Objective data are observations or measurements of a patient's health status. Inspecting the condition of a surgical incision or wound, describing an observed behavior, and measuring blood pressure are examples of objective data. The measurement of objective data is based on an accepted standard such as the Fahrenheit or Celsius measure on a thermometer, inches or centimeters on a measuring tape, or known characteristics of behaviors...
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...Educational Psychology: Developing Learners This is a protected document. Please enter your ANGEL username and password. Username: Password: Login Need assistance logging in? Click here! If you experience any technical difficulty or have any technical questions, please contact technical support during the following hours: M-F, 6am-12am MST or Sat-Sun, 7am-12am MST by phone at (800) 800-9776 ext. 7200 or submit a ticket online by visiting http://help.gcu.edu. Doc ID: 1009-0001-191D-0000191E DEVELOPING LEARNERS JEANNE ELLIS ORMROD Professor Emerita, University of Northern Colorado EIGHTH EDITION ISBN 1-256-96292-9 Boston Columbus Indianapolis New York San Francisco Upper Saddle River Amsterdam Cape Town Dubai London Madrid Milan Munich Paris Montreal Toronto Delhi Mexico City São Paulo Sydney Hong Kong Seoul Singapore Taipei Tokyo Educational Psychology: Developing Learners, Eighth Edition, by Jeanne Ellis Ormrod. Published by Pearson. Copyright © 2014 by Pearson Education, Inc. Vice President and Editorial Director: Jeffery W. Johnston Vice President and Publisher: Kevin Davis Editorial Assistant: Lauren Carlson Development Editor: Christina Robb Vice President, Director of Marketing: Margaret Waples Marketing Manager: Joanna Sabella Senior Managing Editor: Pamela D. Bennett Project Manager: Kerry Rubadue Senior Operations Supervisor: Matthew Ottenweller Senior Art Director: Diane Lorenzo Text Designer: Candace Rowley Cover Designer:...
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...Educational Psychology: Developing Learners This is a protected document. Please enter your ANGEL username and password. Username: Password: Login Need assistance logging in? Click here! If you experience any technical difficulty or have any technical questions, please contact technical support during the following hours: M-F, 6am-12am MST or Sat-Sun, 7am-12am MST by phone at (800) 800-9776 ext. 7200 or submit a ticket online by visiting http://help.gcu.edu. Doc ID: 1009-0001-158C-0000158D Jeanne Ellis Ormrod Professor Emerita, University of Northern Colorado University of New Hampshire ISBN 0-558-65860-1 Boston ● Columbus ● Indianapolis ● New York ● San Francisco ● Upper Saddle River Amsterdam ● Cape Town ● Dubai ● London ● Madrid ● Milan ● Munich ● Paris ● Montreal ● Toronto Delhi ● Mexico City ● Sao Paula ● Sydney ● Hong Kong ● Seoul ● Singapore ● Taipei ● Tokyo Educational Psychology: Developing Learners, Seventh Edition, by Jeanne Ellis Ormrod. Published by Allyn & Bacon. Copyright © 2011 by Pearson Education, Inc. Editor-in-Chief: Paul A. Smith Development Editor: Christina Robb Editorial Assistant: Matthew Buchholz Vice President, Director of Marketing: Quinn Perkson Marketing Manager: Jared Brueckner Production Editor: Annette Joseph Editorial Production Service: Marty Tenney, Modern Graphics, Inc. Manufacturing Buyer: Megan Cochran Electronic Composition: Modern Graphics, Inc. Interior Design: Denise Hoffman, Glenview Studios Photo...
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...Study Guide Essentials of Psychology By Robert G. Turner Jr., Ph.D. About the Author Robert G. Turner Jr., Ph.D. has more than 20 years of teaching and education-related experience. He has taught seventh-grade science, worked as a curriculum developer for the Upward Bound Program, and taught sociology, social psychology, anthropology, and honors seminars at the university level. As a professional writer, he has written nonfiction books, journal and magazine articles, novels, and stage plays. Contents Contents INSTRUCTIONS TO STUDENTS LESSON ASSIGNMENTS LESSON 1: PSYCHOLOGY: THE SCIENCE OF THE MIND LESSON 2: THE MIND AT WORK LESSON 3: MOTIVATION, EMOTION, DEVELOPMENT, AND PERSONALITY RESEARCH PROJECT LESSON 4: PSYCHOLOGICAL DISORDERS LESSON 5: PSYCHOLOGY FOR TWO OR MORE CASE STUDIES SELF-CHECK ANSWERS 1 7 9 43 75 117 127 147 167 171 iii YOUR COURSE Instructions Instructions Welcome to your course, Essentials of Psychology. You’re entering a course of study designed to help you better understand yourself and others. For that reason, you can think of this course as practical. It should be of use to you in living your life and reaching the goals you set for yourself. You’ll use two main resources for your course work: this study guide and your textbook, Psychology and Your Life, by Robert S. Feldman. OBJECTIVES When you complete this course, you’ll be able to ■ Describe the science and methodologies of psychology in the context of its...
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...Chapter 1 SIGMUND FREUD AN INTRODUCTION Sigmund Freud, pioneer of Psychoanalysis, was born on 6th May 1856 in Freiberg to a middle class family. He was born as the eldest child to his father’s second wife. When Freud was four years old, his family shifted and settled in Vienna. Although Freud’s ambition from childhood was a career in law, he decided to enter the field of medicine. In 1873, at the age of seventeen, Freud enrolled in the university as a medical student. During his days in the university, he did his research on the Central Nervous System under the guidance of German physician `Ernst Wilhelm Von Brucke’. Freud received his medical degree in 1881and later in 1883 he began to work in Vienna General Hospital. Freud spent three years working in various departments of the hospital and in 1885 he left his post at the hospital to join the University of Vienna as a lecturer in Neuropathology. Following his appointment as a lecturer, he got the opportunity to work under French neurologist Jean Charcot at Salpetriere, the famous Paris hospital for nervous diseases. So far Freud’s work had been entirely concentrated on physical sciences but Charcot’s work, at that time, concentrated more on hysteria and hypnotism. Freud’s studies under Charcot, which centered largely on hysteria, influenced him greatly in channelising his interests to psychopathology. In 1886, Freud established his private practice in Vienna specializing in nervous diseases...
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...Standard 1: A school administrator is an educational leader who promotes the success of all students by facilitating the development, articulation, implementation, and stewardship of a vision of learning that is shared and supported by the school community. The effective administrator: 1.1 Uses research about best professional practice. Cooperative Learning "Cooperative learning is the instructional use of small groups so that students work together to maximize their own and each other's learning." WHAT IS IT? Cooperative learning is a successful teaching strategy in which small teams, each with students of different levels of ability, use a variety of learning activities to improve their understanding of a subject. Each member of a team is responsible not only for learning what is taught but also for helping teammates learn, thus creating an atmosphere of achievement. WHY USE IT? Documented results include improved academic achievement, improved behavior and attendance, increased self-confidence and motivation, and increased liking of school and classmates. Cooperative learning is also relatively easy to implement and is inexpensive. HOW DOES IT WORK? Here are some typical strategies that can be used with any subject, in almost any grade, and without a special curriculum: Group Investigations are structured to emphasize higher-order thinking skills such as analysis and evaluation. Students work to produce a group project, which they may have a hand...
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