...Introduction China’s insatiable appetite for natural resources, oils deposits and other raw materials to power its economic engine questing her to emerge as the new superpower, has catalyzed her desire to engage Africa in her Foreign Policy. This has heightened the Chinese desire to geo- strategic reach into Africa as a going global strategy this has been the plan as far back in the 1978 eras of Mao Zedong. China’s objective in the new phase of assertiveness is to maintain strong economic ties in Africa, unlike the previous objective of building a coalition of sharing common goals with Africa as ‘Third World’. This geo-economic factor is influenced by the desire for resources to fuel its economic growth and gain energy security. China in strengthening her diplomatic and political ties sees Africa not just as ally to bid for influence and power, but as a source for natural resources . China has established Confucius Institutes (state-funded Chinese Cultural Centers) that have sprung up throughout Africa, teaching local people the culture and traditions. One wonders if China is positioning itself for taking over supremacy and advancing her Soft Policy in Africa. It is perhaps important to see our languages and cultures going out there too. The China- Africa Cooperation which was aimed at strengthening China’s diplomatic and political ties stared in post colonial Africa. The African plight of political freedom from their colonies, referred to as aggressors according to...
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...HAIER, TAKING A CHINESE COMPANY GLOBAL 1. SUMMARY Haier (“the Company”) was China’s biggest white-goods producer and supplier in 1990s. In 1984, there was nearly 300 local producers in China market, most of which were producing poor quality goods. However, customers were willing to pay more for higher-quality products and reliable service. This need created an advantage for differentiation. In Chinese market, demand was high. Haier being able to read customer need properly, focused on Product Quality, After-Sale Services and Brand Building. While there was oversupply in the market, with product differentiation Haier was able to raise its prices. Their target was to be a first-class brand. In early 1990s, while the demand was exceeding the supply, they decided to set up a large scale production. In 1991, they focused on Diversification on product range. They acquired an AC and a Freezer company, which were performing poor and turned around these companies into profitability quite soon with the right restructuring and strategy. There was a government pressure on Haier to take over poor performing firms ( i.e. in 1993, acquisition of Red Star). In 1992 the Company needed additional capital to invest in land and construction, but did not get subsidied due to government restrictions.As an alternative solution the Company undertook an IPO and went public with its 43.7% refrigerators division on Shangai Stock ExChange in 1993. In 1997, the Company added TV and telecommunication...
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...INTRODUCTION The historical relationship with African countries is fundamentally different for traditional and new donors, or Western donors and China. In contrast to Western donors, China never had a presence as a colonizer in Africa. To the contrary, China played the role of a supporter in the struggle for independence of African countries. This is highlighted by a lot of Africans, particularly in response to Western criticism of China. Some Africans feel that the reactions from the West arise because Westerners fear competition from China. Consequently Western objections to China’s way of dealing with Africa, is not perceived as a result of concern for African countries, but a protection of Western political and economic interests on the African continent. The Chinese emphasize that their engagement with Africa is in fact South-South cooperation, and that it should be beneficial to both China and Africa. Rather than emphasizing its role as a donor to African countries, China considers its engagement to be a mutual benefit, leading to win-win results. Chinese aid is mainly invested in infrastructure such as roads, railways, buildings, monuments etc. This is generally very welcomed in African countries where infrastructure is often seriously underdeveloped. Many of the infrastructure projects are implemented to facilitate trade. Although all of the countries in cooperation with China are receiving some sort of aid, the size and form of the aid inflows vary. China does not disclose...
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...since 2000. The specific statistics center around the amount of natural resources exported to China and compares that to the amount of imports from China. After gaining insight into the extent of business between the two, one can begin to understand why Africa is so important to China. This importance is discussed in more detail against the backdrop of the historical background of these two regions. The following section explains the strategy that China has adapted to trade with Africa and introduces the concept of the “Chinese Model”. This model highlights the driving forces behind China’s strategic decisions and introduces some controversial arguments around some of the methods that China has adopted. An important part of this discussion is the comparison of China’s strategy with that of the West (i.e. regions like the United States of America (USA/US) and the European Union (EU). Some interesting statistics reveal that Africa is attracting significant amounts of Foreign Direct Investment (FDI) and is most likely to continue doing so. 1. Analyse and Discuss the Extent of Trade between China and Africa since 2000. (Jones S. 2012; Alessi C. 2012; China Daily.Com 2011; African Development Bank 2011; The Forum on China-Africa Cooperation 2011) China will overtake the United States of America (USA/US) as the world’s largest trade partner by.2016. (Jones, S. 2012). China is Africa’s...
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...interested in deepening bilateral contacts over the past few years. In the case of Ukraine, Belarus and Moldova this has been caused by the bad economic situation which was in part caused by the consequences of the global economic crisis of 2008 and the desire to establish closer political relations with a country whose significance on the international arena is continually growing. Each of these countries has different expectations regarding the scale and the nature of co-operation with China. Chisinau wishes only to boost trade, whereas in Minsk and Kyiv, Beijing is also presented as a strategic partner whose investments may not only help the indebted economies recover but also strengthen the position of these countries in their dealings with the EU, and especially with Russia. Beijing sees co-operation with these countries in differently, and its offer is much more modest than Belarus and Ukraine are expecting. Eastern Europe is one of the last parts of the world with which China is activating its co-operation. This is not a priority region for Beijing. China wants to derive economic benefits and to diversify the markets on which it invests its financial surplus, and it does not intend to extend its political dialogue with Ukraine, Belarus and Moldova beyond the framework which determines its economic interests. The main reason for this is the nature of relations between Russia and China. Beijing sees its partnership with Moscow as more beneficial, and will not offer these countries...
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...Faculty of Business Studies Module: Presentation and Communication Skills Examiner: Dipl. Ök. Marina Alvares-Wegner The BRIC countries Leslie Authier Matr. No.: 7007017 E-Mail: leslieauthier@orange.fr Diana Carolina Ramirez R. Matr. No.: 7004479 E-Mail: dianacarolina_puebla@yahoo.de Maya Höpfner Matr. No.: 7003768 E-Mail: maya.hoepfner@googlemail.com Table of content 1 Introduction...................................................................................................... 2 2 The Federative Republic of Brazil .................................................................... 3 2.1 General information on the Federative Republic of Brazil....................... 3 2.2 Brazil’s connection with the European Union.......................................... 4 2.3 Brazil’s financial situation........................................................................ 5 2.4 Brazil’s imports and exports.................................................................... 6 2.5 Brazil’s leading companies ..................................................................... 9 3 The Russian Federation................................................................................. 10 3.1 General information on the Russian Federation ................................... 10 3.2 Russia’s connection with the European Union...................................... 11 3.3 Russia’s financial situation.................................................................... 12 3.4 Russia’s imports...
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...nominal GDP, and very high living standards, including the tenth-highest quality of life index rating in the world, as of 2005. It is a member of the United Nations, NATO, OECD, and WTO. Foreign relations Main article: Foreign relations of Spain After the return of democracy following the death of Franco in 1975, Spain's foreign policy priorities were to break out of the diplomatic isolation of the Franco years and expand diplomatic relations, enter the European Community, and define security relations with the West. As a member of NATO since 1982, Spain has established itself as a participant in multilateral international security activities. Spain's EU membership represents an important part of its foreign policy. Even on many international issues beyond western Europe, Spain prefers to coordinate its efforts with its EU partners...
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...Introduction Nowadays, we live in a world that is converging in a fast-paced as a result of globalization with its active forces—leading to the tremendous rise in global capitalist economy. The demand for energy continue to sky-rocket in this modern world whilst major players in the world today; such as the United States, countries in the European Union and Japan are at alert in the sense that, China, one of the world fastest growing economy has been considered as a new competitor in the competition of securing a long term energy supplies around the globe. As China’s economy is rapidly growing and in other to acquire the needed resources to support its rapid growth, the government have taken a great step in focusing in other part of the world to secure oil which they deemed necessary coupled with other raw materials across the world. The rising economy of China was stated to have grown in an extraordinarily large number of nine (9) per cent per annum in the last twenty five (25) years whereas its consumption of energy has been said to have doubled to the extent that it outstripped the production of domestic energy. (Africa-practice report, 2007, p.2) Significantly, to catch up with the demand of its market, the economic powerhouse has channelled its attention to Africa. A continent widely known for its social and political unrest, though Chinese active involvement in Africa is a necessary mission in other for them to secure new export market for their manufactured goods, there...
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...past few years has seen a tremendous growth of foreign direct investment (FDI) that has exceeded both world output and world trade. China is by far the largest recipient, and in 2004 surpassed the USA as host destination. It has consequently attracted an increasing attention from multinational businesses. Since China adopted the reform and opening-up policy in the late 1970s, foreign investment has played an increasingly important role in its economic growth. According to the World Investment Report for 2004 by the United Nations Conference on Trade and Development, China absorbed a total of US$53.5 billion worth of foreign direct investment (FDI) in 2003. The Xinhua News Agency, quoting The National Development Reform Commission, China's top economic planning agency, reported that foreign investment in 2004 rose to US$60 billion, a 13 per cent increase over 2003. Contracted investment was US$153.5 billion in all of 2004, up one-third year-on-year. Other statistics also point to the importance of...
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...35 012-IBE-CaseStudies.docx CONTENTS Case Study 1. Text 1. Text 2. Text 3. Case Study 2. Text 4. Case Study 3. Text 5. Text 6. Text 7. Case Study 4. Text 8. Text 9. Text 10. Text 11. Text 12. Text 13. Case Study 5. Text 14. Text 15. Text 16. Text 17. Text 18. Text 19. Case Study 6. Text 20. Text 21. Case Study 7. Text 22. Text 23. Text 24. Text 25. Chinese Mercantilism .................................................................................................... 3 Chinese New Year .......................................................................................................... 3 China: the spend is nigh ................................................................................................. 4 Dealing With China’s Troubles ....................................................................................... 6 Bangladesh’s Textile Industry ........................................................................................ 8 Garments in Bangladesh:...
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...Background………………………………………………………………….… 9 2.1 Angola & China Country Snapshots and the background trading relationship………………………………………………………………………….… 9 2.1.1 2.1.2 2.1.3 2.1.4 2.1.5 2.1.6 2.1.7 2.2.1 2.2.2 2.2.3 Angola – A Country Snapshot………………………………………………………….…. China – A Country Snapshot……………………………………………………………… Angola’s trade profile………………………………………………………………………. Angola’s trade profile with China…………………………………………………………. Angola’s other trade partners……………………………………………………………… Who are the gainers and losers from Angola’s increasing merchandise trade flows?. The data summary………………………………………………………………………….. 9 12 13 15 19 22 24 2.2 The Trade Policy Background……………………………………………………… 24 The evolution of Angola’s trade policy regime and trade policy……………………….. 24 The evolution of China’s trade policy regime and trade policy………………………… 27 Bilateral and other trade agreements between Angola and China……………………. 29 2.3 Institutional and Policy...
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...survey undertaken by the World wide fund for Nature confirms that many of the European Union countries are still failing to halt the entry of illegal wood products into the EU markets. World wide fund for nature’s EU Government Barometer which was conducted in the first half of 2014 shows that only 11 of EU countries have so far adopted the national legislation and procedures that are considered robust enough to control the legality of timber and timber products. It has also set high penalties for those who are breaching the rules. The countries are Belgium, Cyprus, Denmark, Estonia, Finland, Lithuania, Luxemburg, Netherlands, Portugal, Slovenia and the UK. WWF had urged the European Commission to use the results of the surveys to put more pressure on national governments and take legal action. This illegality also affects European businesses and consumers who comply with the rules. It accounts for 30% of the global timber trade and contributes to more than 50% of tropical deforestation in Central Africa, the Amazon and South East Asia. Cutting forests illegally results in lost revenues estimated at 7 billion euros per year. The EU is an important export market for countries where levels of illegality and poor governance in the forest sector are most serious. Mozambique, Zambia and China: The increase in China’s timber demand in the recent years has brought increased sourcing by Chinese logging companies worldwide. Chinese companies have established both timber buying and logging...
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...Introduction to Microeconomics 24 February 2014 China: Can the Dragon be Satisfied China’s open reform period is characterized as one without a blueprint, but by ‘groping for stones to cross the river’, based on an incremental, gradualist approach to reformation (Lee). China is still a developing country with pockets of industry in different regions. While China may relishe in the fruits of its labor, there is an increasing disparity between the urban and rural areas due to this disequilibrium of development. China’s presence on the world stage has drastically increased since 2001 when China joined the World Trade Organization, in essence opening their borders and has left many researchers perplexed about the consequences of its rise. There exists a plethora of studies, debating whether China’s current path is one that is headed to the top, or whether China is at the peak of its development with looming declines in the near future, plagued by weak institutional reforms. While there are many features that characterize China’s direction, China is growing in its demand for products from around the world and its industrial side has been growing but at the same time increasing how fragile our world economy is (Badinger). Due to past and current monetary problems in different regions of the world and a shift in the location of manufacturing could pose future concerns to the emerging Dragon. China’s cheap labor has been a prominent economic advantage since opening its market. However...
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...geopolitical power (the USA). This is raising serious questions as to the future of the current hegemonic structure. There are a number of key factors which are driving this shift in power and here I aim to address and analyse these so that I may answer the question “What are the key factors in contemporary redistributions of Geopolitical Power?” The USA is currently the world's dominant geopolitical power and has been since World War II. According to Fareed Zakaria (2008) “...the United States' [unrivalled economic status] has lasted more than 120 years” and that “The US economy has been the world's largest since the middle of the 1880's”. As of 2008, The CIA World Fact book ranks the USA as having the highest GDP/PPP of any individual nation (The EU is ranked higher than the USA but is technically a united group of countries) which stands at $14,440,000,000,000; around double that of the next country on the list, China (CIA,...
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...multinational/top brand. Use local people and local thinking to satisfy the needs of the customers. * Utilized speed and differentiation approach. Haier paid close attention to consumer needs in overseas market and made modifications to meet them. Focuses on minor details (e.g. freezer with a separate compartment for ice scream). * Rapid product development which was facilitated by its eight design center * To manufacture quality products and sell it at a premium price * Offered what the developed market didn’t have. Going Global- The EU Market Objectives Given the fact that Europe is one of the most mature and developed markets in the world and having a foothold in the European market will mean not only a global recognition of the quality of Haier products and services, but also and more importantly, the brand recognition of Haier in one of the most fiercely contested markets. Another advantage of establishing strong presence in the European market is that Europe...
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