...Future development of agricultural modernization lies in mechanization. Accelerate the development of agricultural equipment are the greatest needs of the construction of modern agriculture, information technology is the only way to accelerate the development of agricultural equipment. In recent years, the pace of development of agricultural mechanization of our country continues to accelerate and improve the quality of development, status and function continued to improve. Agriculture mechanization level does not completely measure out the level of scientific and technological content, mainly due to the technological content and technology content quality agricultural machinery agricultural machinery itself is not very high. At present, China's agricultural products mainly in the low-end products. Demand determines production-oriented agricultural research. Rich in the United States, Canada and other countries, land resources, requires a lot of large-scale agricultural machinery, large holdings of large tractors. Japan is a country people will be less typical of large mountains, hills area, tractor ownership is still to small or medium size. When domestic backward agricultural machinery and equipment can not effectively meet the production needs of foreign high-end will be poured into the farm. In addition, the majority of our economy is still small-scale crop cultivation, agricultural agronomic integration is not enough, the level of mechanization in crop production...
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...I. TIME CONTEXT Mexico City has undergone rapid urbanization according to the pattern seen in many developing countries. Mexico has rapidly changed from a primarily agricultural country to one that is overly ambitious industrialization. Consequently, huge numbers of rural dwellers mainly peasant farmers and more educated young people migrated to Mexico City, making it an extremely densely populated city of nearly 14 million in 1995 and as of 2012, Urban population is 78% (94,728,228) of the total population of Mexico. With this perspective, we will be focusing in the year 1980s to 1990s where in Mexico headed into a severe economic problem due to rapid rate of urbanization or the Rural-Urban Migration. We will also look into historical account due to urbanization that leads to “Tequila” crisis that has produced a protracted credit crunch of this country. II. VIEWPOINT We are looking at the problem in the point of view of SAGARPA Ministry (Agriculture and Rural Development Ministry of Mexico). With this in mind, we are trying to formulate the best possible solution or courses of action that will aid to the problems of Mexico. We will be using theories and policy like the Harris-Todaro Model to have an in-depth analysis of the economic setback of this country. With this, we will be able to recommend a good, systematic, realistic and flexible action or implementation plan. III. STATEMENT OF THE PROBLEM Rapid Urbanization in Mexico IV. OBJECTIVES ...
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...I"It matters not whether the cat is black or white, as long as it catches mice." Deng Xiaoping Paper DENG XIAOPING : The chinese reform Elmahdi Fathi : 2014-81611 China has always been renowned for being successful in the domains of science and arts, however in previous decades, China has been ravaged by famines, civil discomfort and foreign outsourcing. China was consumed by this injustice until well after the Second World War when Mao Zedong introduced Communism adapted from the U.S.S.R, and created an autocratic socialist system which imposes firm constraints upon the Chinese social, political and economic system. It wasn't until the 1980's China's following leader Deng Xiaoping who focused focused on developing China into a market operated economy and by the 21st century the economy has improved tremendously, improving the standard of living as well as giving freedom of speech, China has now adapted to a successful socialist market economy in which the government still has a large contribution in terms of corporate decisions. For Deng Xiaoping ,the best way to build a better China was to offer better living conditions as soon as possible, to give people the level of morale they need for further development. At that time, he realized that China’s economic need to reform; he found very effecient ways to reform the China’s economic. His goals were to open up the China’s market to the outside world, breaking down the collective farms, getting rid of state-run enterprises...
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...1 The Impact of China-Africa Trade Relations: The Case of Angola By Dr Ron Sandrey Associate Trade Law Centre of Southern Africa Prepared for the African Economic Research Consortium Nairobi, Kenya November 2009 2 Acknowledgements The author would like to thank Hannah Edinger, Research Fellow, China Africa Network, Centre for Business and Academic Research, Gordon Institute of Business Science, University of Pretoria; and Senior Manager & Head of Research at Frontier Advisory, for comments on a previous draft, and for research and editorial assistance. The author would also like to express gratitude to the African Economic Research Consortium for commissioning the research paper. 3 Table of Contents 1. Introduction……………………………………………………………………. 4 1.1 Problem Statement…………………………………………………………………... 4 1.2 Objectives of Report……………………………………………………………….… 5 1.3 Overview of Report……………………………………………………………….….. 7 2. Background………………………………………………………………….… 9 2.1 Angola & China Country Snapshots and the background trading relationship………………………………………………………………………….… 9 2.1.1 2.1.2 2.1.3 2.1.4 2.1.5 2.1.6 2.1.7 2.2.1 2.2.2 2.2.3 Angola – A Country Snapshot………………………………………………………….…. China – A Country Snapshot……………………………………………………………… Angola’s trade profile………………………………………………………………………. Angola’s trade profile with China…………………………………………………………. Angola’s other trade partners……………………………………………………………… Who are the gainers and losers from Angola’s increasing merchandise trade flows...
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...KAIST, College of Business Chinese Financial Market (FIN681) Term paper China’s New Normal Economics & Declining Growth Rate 1. Backgrounds of Chinese New Normal Economy Policy At the opening of the annual National People’s Congress (NPC), Chinese premier Li Keqiang officially announced that the growth target for China in 2015 will be of “approximately 7 per cent”, considerably lower than in the past. The announcement came as no surprise as it had been anticipated in a speech by Mr Li in Davos in February stating that the country had “entered the stage of the new normal, shifting from high speed to medium-to-high speed”. The new growth target set by Beijing is now lower than last year’s 7.5 per cent, and more than 2 percentage points lower than in the past two decades. The government’s ambitions therefore align with the recent slowdown experienced by the Chinese economy since the beginning of the financial crisis in 2008. After the first two years of Xi Jinping’s term, the Chinese economy grew by 7.4 per cent ‘only’ in 2014 – the lowest rate since 1990 – low enough to convince Chinese policy makers to shift to a new policy stance, as they realize previous growth targets are no longer sustainable. The shift to a lower but more sustainable growth target came soon after the International Monetary Fund (IMF) warned last year that a series of danger signs suggested that China would probably face a hard landing in the absence of crucial reforms. More specifically...
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...India’s Trade in 2020: A Mapping of Relevant Factors Nagesh Kumar A paper prepared for the Committee on Vision 2020 for India, Planning Commission, Government of India Revised Version: 22 May 2001 Research and Information System for the Non-aligned and Other Developing Countries, Zone 4B, India Habitat Centre, Lodi Road, New Delhi-110003. Tel.: 468 2175, Fax: 468 2174; Email: nagesh@ndf.vsnl.net.in An earlier version of the paper was presented at the Fifth Meeting of the Committee on Vision 2020 for India, Planning Commission, on 8 February 2001. I benefited from discussions with Dr V.R. Panchamukhi, and from comments of Dr S.P. Gupta and other participants at the Meeting The usual disclaimer applies. India’s Trade in 2020: A Mapping of Relevant Factors Introduction India's trade has generally grown at a faster rate compared to the growth of GDP over the past two decades. With the liberalization since 1991 in particular, the importance of international trade in India’s economy has grown considerably. As a result the ratio of international trade to GDP has gone up from 14 per cent in 1980 to nearly 20 per cent towards the end of the decade of 1990s. Given the trends of globalization and liberalization, the openness of Indian economy is expected to grow further in the coming two decades. The more exact magnitude of India's trade in 2020 and its proportion to India's national income...
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...Pakistan and china relations Submitted to: Miss. Ayesha hanif Submitted by: Myrah Anwaar 43 Sidra Awan 38 Sara Amjad 40 Ridha Masood 32 Aimen Siddique 36 Javaria Jamil 02 Table of Contents Executive summary: i China: 1 Pakistan 1 Introduction: 2 Background : 3 Sino-Indian war: 4 Timeline of Important events: 5 Diplomatic relations: 6 China support on Kashmir issues: 6 Sino Pakistan boundary agreement 6 China –us relation with the help of Pakistan 7 China support after 9/11 8 Trade relations: 10 Free Trade Agreement: 10 Exports: 12 Imports: 13 Kashgar Special Economic Zone (KSEZ): 14 Thar Coal Project: 15 Influence of china-india trade relation on pakistan : 15 Pakistan-china military relation 17 China and Pakistan defense ties 17 The Indian influence in military relations: 19 GEO-STRATEGIC IMPORTANCE OF PAKISTAN 20 Location of Gwadar port: 20 CONSTRUCTION OF GWADAR PORT: 20 GEO-STRATEGIC...
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...1. RUKUN NEGARA: THE NATIONAL IDEOLOGY 4.1.1 The Background of Rukun Negara |Date |Incidence/Instrument |Notes | |13 May 1969 |Racial clash erupted |a local quarrel flared into a racial clash | |16 May 1969 |The Yang di-Pertuan Agong(YDA) declared a state of |Special Ordinance (Special powers) Emergency, 1969 | | |emergency. Parliament was suspended. NOC was formed. |Curfew enforced | | | |Assemblies banned | | | |Security controls tightened | |August-Dec 1969 |Special Peace and Development bodies formed: |Later combined to form the Ministry of National Unity | | |National Muhibah Committee | | | |National Unity Department | | |29 Jan 1970 |National Consultative/Unity Council was formed |Advisory body for National...
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...How China rises What lessons can be drawn from China's spectacular and sustained economic growth? As Hu Jintau remarked at the 17th Congress of the Chinese Communist Party, the period since the previous Congress five years ago has been extraordinary. China's economic achievements have been arousing not only astonishment and admiration but also some anxiety. In the past twelve months alone, The People's Republic of China (PRC) has overtaken Canada as the biggest source of imports to the USA, and overtaken the USA as the biggest source of imports to the European Union. Concern about the low level of investment in Africa has been displaced by concern about the effects of the high level of Chinese investment in Africa; there is now even anxiety about the effects of investment by Chinese state-owned firms into the Western economies. The Chinese Communist Party is also expressing concerns. The themes of its 2007 Congress included protection of the environment and the achievement of social harmony. According to some estimates, China has displaced the USA as the world's biggest source of greenhouse gases. Inequality is rising as fast as pollution: China now has over 800 individuals with a personal wealth of more than a hundred million US dollars each, up from 500 in 2006; while the average income in rural areas of China is 480 dollars per year. Made in China. Hu Jintau's remark on the extraordinary nature of the most recent years can be faulted in only one sense: China has...
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...Executive Summary John Deere & Company was founded in 1837 by a blacksmith named John Deere who built an empire as a manufacturer of agricultural equipment with his invention of a newly designed plow as stated in the company website (“History”, 2013). Deere is deeply rooted in the agriculture sector which is reflected by their manufacturing of farm equipment and development of efficient farming strategies, logistics, and products. The company has grown to be one of the world’s largest and most recognized manufacturers of agricultural, construction, and forestry equipment. After a thorough analysis of John Deere’s financial position and marketing strategies, the state of the organization is strong but there is still room for improvement. Key opportunities exist to accelerate future growth through investment in new projects that will create important value for the organization. John Deere must protect the brand’s reputation by addressing potential performance issues in the product line. Global operations are also a critical sector of John Deere’s growth strategy. Opportunities in India, China, and Brazil present the most attractive option for increased production and sale. The main focus of this strategic plan is to continue to aggressively pursue the global strategy while being very transparent and focusing on building strong business relationships. John Deere & Co. must make their presence, mission, and core values well known in foreign markets. This can be achieved...
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...China, as well as on Philippines economic growth and development. Section I introduces different analyses of China's WTO entry from the perspectives of Philippine official, academic as well as business circles. Section 2 discusses bilateral cooperation through trade, investments, and other forms of cooperation such as contracted projects, labor cooperation, air services agreement, and the development of agricultural technologies. Section 3 looks at the concerns of the Philippine government and the public with respect to China's accession to the WTO, reviewing the state of current relations and comparing this with China's relations with other Southeast Asian countries. Section 4 advances five issues pertaining to the rise of a Chinese "economic threat" following its entry into WTO. The paper concludes that China's WTO accession will help promote bilateral trade expansion, and bring about opportunities for Chinese private entrepreneurs to invest in the Philippines. However, China's WTO entry will also put added pressure on Philippine manufactures, further facilitating the flow of Chinese commodities, capital and personnel and aggravating the disputes that had already existed in the economic intercourse betv•.reen the two countries prior to WTO admission. This paper examines the 36 Shen Conflicting Public and Official Views in the Philippines China's entry into the World Trade Organization (WTO) is recognized as an important event for the global economy in the beginning...
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...The Weak of the BRIC: Currency Depreciation in Russia and Brazil ◎D0131160 Irina Chen ◎D0131187 Gloria Chang ◎D0173297 Sunny Chiu ◎D0173270 Doris Chen ◎D0173670 Athena Du Contents Abstract ..................................................................................... 2 Brazil ......................................................................................... 3 Why Brazil become the BRIC ................................................... 3 What was behind Brazil’s Depreciation? ................................. 8 Russia ...................................................................................... 13 Why Russia become the BRIC?.............................................. 13 What was behind the Ruble depreciation? ........................... 19 Comparison and Similarities between Russia and Brazil ....... 24 In the Future ........................................................................... 25 The Future of Brazil ............................................................... 25 The future of Russia .............................................................. 25 Conclusion ............................................................................... 26 Contributor ............................................................................. 27 Reference ................................................................................ 27 1 Abstract The BRIC is the acronym of four nations, including Brazil, Russia, India and China...
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...DRAFT COUNTRY CASE STUDY THE GLOBAL FINANCIAL CRISIS: IMPACT ON BANGLADESH K.A.S. Murshid BROTEE July 19, 2009 The author would like to gratefully acknowledge the contribution of Dr. Anwara Begum, Research Fellow, BIDS and Mr. Zabid Iqbal, Research Associate, BIDS. The author is a Research Director, BIDS. EXECUTIVE SUMMARY (TBC) I Introduction The world economy is currently experiencing the worst global financial crisis since the Great Depression. While major world economies have taken a massive hit resulting in negative growth rates in key countries or regions, including the US, EU and Japan, the contagion also spread to emerging developing countries like China, Brazil, India and South Africa, as well as to the countries of South East Asia and Latin America. The magnitude of impact seems to depend on the extent of integration with the rest of the world (or to use World Bank jargon, the extent of liberalization that has taken place). The impact on LDCs like Bangladesh has been muted in the first, and even the second round. However, there is growing evidence that third round impacts are making themselves felt, manifested in declining exports, declining migration of labour, growing number of sick industries, industrial unrest, and reduced growth. There are also fears that poverty and unemployment may be...
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...206-009-1 MICHAEL J. ENRIGHT CHINA’S EXPORTS: AN UNSTOPPABLE COMPETITOR? According to press reports, in early 2005, the US and Europe were being inundated with Chinese garment exports following the removal of quotas in January. In some categories, imports from China were several hundred per cent higher than in the previous year. In the US, politicians and trade unions blamed China for the loss of 380,000 jobs in the textile and garment industries since January 2001, a third of its employees. In Europe, garment and textile centres that had existed for hundreds of years found themselves under threat. In the developing world, country after country feared that China’s emergence would cripple its own garment and textile industries. Garments and textiles reflected a much wider trend. In one labour-intensive industry after another, the “China price” seemed impossible to match. China had become a dominant producer in garments, textiles, footwear, travel goods, leather goods, plastic products, bicycles, simple housewares, pens and pencils, cutlery, radios, phones, computers, DVD players, shipping containers, and many other products. In the US, China was viewed as a major reason for the loss of 2.7 million manufacturing jobs from 2001 to 2004.1 More than 300,000 were reported to have lost jobs in Mexico’s factories due to competition from China. China had supplanted Japan as the world’s third largest exporter in 2004 with US$593 billion (an 82% increase over two...
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...A Research Paper On Why Capitalism Succeeded In Generating An Industrial Revolution In Other Countries But Failed In The Philippines Submitted by Manuel Ortega Abis Student No. 11-71-003, BPA Special Program Batch 8-A CAPA, Universidad de Manila Professor Ronaldo J. Navata PREFACE The research materials and references used in this research paper were managed to be gathered through unlimited internet hours and limited library hours, but the pages on the web and the pages of the book offered equal enlightenment and enjoyment. The premises and conclusions built and reached in this paper are products of the researcher’s serious analysis of the Philippine economic situation. The researcher, however, is praying that his objectivity and the sincerity of his language shall not fail him in his own humble attempt to bring this mini-thesis to its just and proper course and closure. The twin causes formulated in this paper are generally subdivided into two: the concept of economic will (policy system of governance) and the concept of economic ownership (property system of the governed). Further reading is advised on critical and related topics of this paper. For the economy, these words: there is no such thing as the co-existence of freedom and equality. God bless the Philippines! ______________________________________________________________________________ ...
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