...REVIEW Aspirin for the Primary Prevention of Cardiovascular Events in Women and Men A Sex-Specific Meta-analysis of Randomized Controlled Trials Jeffrey S. Berger, MD, MS Maria C. Roncaglioni, MD Fausto Avanzini, MD Ierta Pangrazzi, MD Gianni Tognoni, MD David L. Brown, MD pirin therapy for reducing the risk of myocardial infarction (MI), stroke, and vascular death among men and women with preexisting cardiovascular disease are well established,1-3 the role of aspirin in primary prevention is less clear. An overview of 5 randomized trials investigating aspirin therapy for the primary prevention of vascular disease found a significant beneficial effect of aspirin therapy on the prevention of a first MI, but no significant effects on the risk of stroke or vascular death.4 Although women were included in only 2 of these studies and accounted for only 20% of the population studied, the US Preventive Services Task Force5 and the American Heart Association6 deemed aspirin therapy effective in decreasing the incidence of coronary heart disease in adults of both sexes who are at increased risk. Subsequently, guidelines from the American Heart Association on the primary prevention of cardiovascular disease in women recommended use of low-dose aspirin therapy in women whose 10-year risk of a first coronary event exceeds 20% and consideration 306 Context Aspirin therapy reduces the risk of cardiovascular disease in adults who are at increased risk. However, it is unclear if women...
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...Psychoeducation for schizophrenia (Review) Xia J, Merinder LB, Belgamwar MR This is a reprint of a Cochrane review, prepared and maintained by The Cochrane Collaboration and published in The Cochrane Library 2013, Issue 1 http://www.thecochranelibrary.com Psychoeducation for schizophrenia (Review) Copyright © 2013 The Cochrane Collaboration. Published by John Wiley & Sons, Ltd. TABLE OF CONTENTS HEADER . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . ABSTRACT . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . PLAIN LANGUAGE SUMMARY . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . SUMMARY OF FINDINGS FOR THE MAIN COMPARISON . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . BACKGROUND . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . OBJECTIVES . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . METHODS . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . RESULTS . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Figure 1. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Figure 2. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . DISCUSSION . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . AUTHORS’ CONCLUSIONS . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . ACKNOWLEDGEMENTS . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . REFERENCES...
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...MGSC 372 Fall 2014 Assignment 1 Prof. B. Smith Due Oct 4, QUESTION 1 The Pareto distribution, named after the Italian economist Vilfredo Pareto, is a probability distribution that may be used to describe social, scientific, geophysical, actuarial, and many other types of observable phenomena. Pareto originally used this distribution to describe the allocation of wealth among individuals since it seemed to show rather well the way that a larger portion of the wealth of any society is owned by a smaller percentage of the people in that society. He also used it to describe distribution of income.[8] This idea is sometimes expressed more simply as the Pareto principle or the "80-20 rule" which says that 20% of the population controls 80% of the wealth. This distribution is not limited to describing wealth or income, but to many situations in which an equilibrium is found in the distribution of the "small" to the "large". The following examples, among others, are sometimes seen as approximately Pareto-distributed: * The sizes of human settlements (few cities, many hamlets/villages. * File size distribution of Internet traffic which uses the TCP protocol (many smaller files, few larger ones) * Hard disk drive error rates The Pareto distribution function may be given as follows: fxx0,θ= θx0θx-θ-1 , ...
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...OFFICIAL CATALOG This Catalog contains information, policies, procedures, regulations and requirements that were correct at the time of publication and are subject to the terms and conditions of the Enrollment Agreement entered into between the Student and ECPI University. In keeping with the educational mission of the University, the information, policies, procedures, regulations and requirements contained herein are continually being reviewed, changed and updated. Consequently, this document cannot be considered binding. Students are responsible for keeping informed of official policies and meeting all relevant requirements. When required changes to the Catalog occur, they will be communicated through catalog inserts and other means until a revised edition of the Catalog is published. The policies in this Catalog have been approved under the authority of the ECPI University Board of Trustees and, therefore, constitute official University policy. Students should become familiar with the policies in this Catalog. These policies outline both student rights and student responsibilities. The University reserves the right and authority at any time to alter any or all of the statements contained herein, to modify the requirements for admission and graduation, to change or discontinue programs of study, to amend any regulation or policy affecting the student body, to increase tuition and fees, to deny admission, to revoke an offer of admission and to dismiss from the...
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...实用审计英语词汇 1 ability to perform the work 能力履行工作 2 acceptance procedures 承兑程序过程 3 accountability 经管责任,问责性 4 accounting estimate 会计估计 5 accounts receivable listing 应收帐款挂牌 6 accounts receivable 应收账款 7 accruals listing 应计项目挂牌 8 accruals 应计项目 9 accuracy 准确性 10 adverse opinion 否定意见 11 aged analysis 年老的分析（法,学）研究 12 agents 代理人 13 agreed-upon procedures 约定审查业务 14 analysis of errors 错误的分析（法,学）研究 15 anomalous error 反常的错误 16 appointment ethics 任命伦理学 17 appointment 任命 18 associated firms 联合的坚挺 19 association of chartered certified accounts（ACCA） 特计的证（经执业的结社 （ACCA） 20 assurance engagement 保证债务 21 assurance 保证 22 audit 审计,审核,核数 23 audit acceptance 审计承兑 24 audit approach 审计靠近 25 audit committee 审计委员会,审计小组 26 ahudit engagement 审计业务约定书 27 audit evaluation 审计评价 28 audit evidence 审计证据 29 audit plan 审计计划 30 audit program 审计程序 31 audit report as a means of communication 审计报告如一个通讯方法 32 audit report 审计报告 33 audit risk 审计风险 34 audit sampling 审计抽样 35 audit staffing 审计工作人员 36 audit timing 审计定时 37 audit trail 审计线索 38 auditing standards 审计准则 39 auditors duty of care...
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...ALLIED AMERICAN UNIVERSITY Personalized. Flexible. Dedicated. Online Programs – Individual Support – Open Enrollment – Ease of Transfer Credits UNIVERSITY CATALOG 2013 Seventh Edition 22952 Alcalde Drive, Laguna Hills, CA 92653 Phone: (888) 384-0849 ∼ Fax: (949) 707-2978 7:00 A.M. – 5:00 P.M. (Monday – Friday) Email: info@allied.edu Website: www.allied.edu KEY STAFF AND FACULTY Charlotte Hislop, Ph.D. Candidate, President/CEO Bonny Nickle, Ed.D., Provost Eric Sharkey, M.Ed., Director of Education Bill Luton, Ph.D., Director of Assessment and Dean of Business Carlo Tannoury, Ph.D. Candidate, Dean of Computer Information Systems Patricia Drown, Ph.D., Dean of Criminal Justice and General Studies C.J. Bishop, M.B.A., Institutional Research Frank Vazquez, Operations Director Parrish Nicholls, J.D., Director of Compliance Lindsay Oglesby, Admissions Director Abby Dolan, B.A., Registrar Sasha Heard, M.B.A., Student Services Manager Barbara Jobin, B.S.B.A., Career Center Manager Hugo Aguilar, B.A., Chief Financial Officer Richard Madrigal, B.A., Financial Aid Officer As a prospective student at Allied American University, you are encouraged to review this catalog prior to signing an enrollment agreement. You are also encouraged to review the student performance fact sheet which must be provided to you prior to signing an enrollment agreement. This catalog is not a contract between the student, AAU, or any party or parties. Reasonable effort was made at the time this document...
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...intuitive decisions that conflict with the formal plan Top managers not actively supporting the strategic-planning process Failing to use plans as a standard for measuring performance Delegating planning to a “planner” rather than involving all managers Failing to involve key employees in all phases of planning Failing to create a collaborative climate supportive of change Viewing planning as unnecessary or unimportant Becoming so engrossed in current problems that insufficient or no planning is done Being so formal in planning that flexibility and creativity are stifled 2) The strategic-management process represents a(n) logical , systematic , and objective approach for determining an enterprise's future direction. 3) Strategic Management is used to refer to strategic formulation, implementation and evaluation, with strategic planing referring only to strategic formulation. 4) Which statement best describes intuition? Ch.1 Pag. 7 or 8 It should be coupled with analysis in decision-making. 5) The act of strengthening employees' sense of effectiveness by encouraging and rewarding them for participating in decision-making and exercising initiative and imagination is referred to as empowerment. 6) The first step in strategic planning is generally developing a vision statement. 7) According to...
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...Chapter1 Essay Questions 101. Compare and contrast strategic planning with strategic management. Strategic planning is more often used in the business world, whereas strategic management is often used in academia. Sometimes, strategic management is used to refer to strategy formulation, implementation and evaluation, with strategic planning referring only to strategy formulation. The purpose of strategic management is to exploit and create new and different opportunities for tomorrow; long-range planning, in contrast, tries to optimize for tomorrow the trends of today. Page: 5 102. Which stage in the strategic-management process is most difficult? Explain why. Strategy implementation is the most difficult stage in the strategic-management process because it requires personal discipline, commitment and sacrifice. Successful strategy implementation hinges upon managers’ ability to motivate employees, which is more of an art than a science. Page: 6 103. Explain the relationship between strategic management and competitive advantage for firms. How can a firm achieve sustained competitive advantage? Ans: Strategic management is all about gaining and maintaining competitive advantage. Competitive advantage is anything a firm does especially well compared to rival firms. When a firm can do something that rival firms cannot do, or owns something that rival firms desire, that can represent a competitive advantage...
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...Chapter1 Essay Questions 101. Compare and contrast strategic planning with strategic management. Strategic planning is more often used in the business world, whereas strategic management is often used in academia. Sometimes, strategic management is used to refer to strategy formulation, implementation and evaluation, with strategic planning referring only to strategy formulation. The purpose of strategic management is to exploit and create new and different opportunities for tomorrow; long-range planning, in contrast, tries to optimize for tomorrow the trends of today. Page: 5 102. Which stage in the strategic-management process is most difficult? Explain why. Strategy implementation is the most difficult stage in the strategic-management process because it requires personal discipline, commitment and sacrifice. Successful strategy implementation hinges upon managers’ ability to motivate employees, which is more of an art than a science. Page: 6 103. Explain the relationship between strategic management and competitive advantage for firms. How can a firm achieve sustained competitive advantage? Ans: Strategic management is all about gaining and maintaining competitive advantage. Competitive advantage is anything a firm does especially well compared to rival firms. When a firm can do something that rival firms cannot do, or owns something that rival firms desire, that can represent a competitive advantage. Getting...
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...Zhiqiang Gu CPS 230 Fall Semester of 2008 Table of Contents 1 I 2 3 4 5 Introduction D ESIGN T ECHNIQUES Divide-and-Conquer Prune-and-Search Dynamic Programming Greedy Algorithms First Homework Assignment S EARCHING 3 4 5 8 11 14 17 18 19 22 26 29 33 34 35 38 41 44 IV 13 14 15 16 G RAPH A LGORITHMS Graph Search Shortest Paths Minimum Spanning Trees Union-Find Fourth Homework Assignment T OPOLOGICAL A LGORITHMS 17 18 19 Geometric Graphs Surfaces Homology Fifth Homework Assignment G EOMETRIC A LGORITHMS 20 21 22 Plane-Sweep Delaunay Triangulations Alpha Shapes Sixth Homework Assignment NP-C OMPLETENESS 23 24 25 Easy and Hard Problems NP-Complete Problems Approximation Algorithms Seventh Homework Assignment 45 46 50 53 56 60 61 62 65 68 72 73 74 77 81 84 85 86 89 92 95 V II 6 7 8 9 Binary Search Trees Red-Black Trees Amortized Analysis Splay Trees Second Homework Assignment P RIORITIZING VI III 10 11 12 Heaps and Heapsort Fibonacci Heaps Solving Recurrence Relations Third Homework Assignment VII 2 1 Introduction Meetings. We meet twice a week, on Tuesdays and Thursdays, from 1:15 to 2:30pm, in room D106 LSRC. Communication. The course material will be delivered in the two weekly lectures. A written record of the lectures will be available on the web, usually a day after the lecture. The web also contains other information, such as homework assignments, solutions, useful links, etc. The main supporting text is TARJAN . Data Structures...
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...Table of content: 1) Introduction 2) Rating agency: * Who are rating agencies? * Development of the rating agencies * Function of rating agencies * The procedure of rating assignment * Solicited method * Unsolicited method * Sovereign rating * Rating scale and definition * Advantages of credit rating * Disadvantages of credit rating 3) Rating agencies and companies: * Failures of rating agencies * Reasons for the mistakes of rating agencies 4) Rating agencies and states: * Background * History of Italian rating * Critics against Italian rating 5) How to improve the rating: * “Issuer pays” or “Investor pays” * Public funding of rating * Government rating agency * Increase of competition * Liability of CRAs 6) Conclusion 7) references Introduction: The history of the Credit Rating Agencies (CRAs) is well represented through a parabolic trend. Before 1960 CRAs were quite famous only in the USA, later on their importance have increased in all the world until the recent crisis, in which they reached their highest level; whereupon they have been loosing power. Credit Rating Agencies are: an independent company that evaluates the financial condition of issuers of debt instruments and then assigns a rating that reflects its assessment of the issuer's ability to make the debt payments. An important key to understand the future of the thesis concerns the...
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...Available online at www.interscience.in Development of Product Costing Module in ERP for L&T Kansbahal Works, Kansbhal, Orissa : A Case Study 1 Seema G. Bhol, 2Arun Mishra & 3Srikanta Patnaik Sambalpur University, Burla, Orissa, India, 2Head (IT Services), L&T, Kansbhal, Orissa, India, 3 Department of Computer Science ITER , SOA University , Bhubaneswar, Orissa, India E-mail : guptaseema@hotmail.com, arun-kbl@kbl.ltindia.com, patnaik_srikanta@yahoo.co.in 1 Abstract - One need to be very accurate in what the products and services are costing. Inaccurate cost components could cost an organization more dearly. So, to full fill our present and future requirements and ambitions in all respect of life, it is essential enhance our expertise to link the power of today's information technology with the tools of economic theory and business strategy.[2] This paper aims at throwing new lights on various developments and formulate strategy for their implementation. Keywords— Business Mapping Report (BMR), Product costing, Dataflow Diagram, Enterprise Resources Planning (ERP), cost overhead, cost centres, Cost variance report, WIP. . 1. INTRODUCTION businesses, non-profit organizations and governments now all utilize ERP systems. The use of erp module saves time and money without sacrificing accuracy and control. Product costs are analysed quickly and accurately, which empowers the organization with the ability to perform minute analysis and projections of product cost. Few of the many...
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...CIS 534 - Advanced Network Security Design 1 CIS 534 Advanced Network Security Design CIS 534 - Advanced Network Security Design 2 Table of Contents Toolwire Lab 1:Analyzing IP Protocols with Wireshark ........................................................................ 6 Introduction ............................................................................................................................................. 6 Learning Objectives ................................................................................................................................ 6 Tools and Software ................................................................................................................................. 7 Deliverables ............................................................................................................................................. 7 Evaluation Criteria and Rubrics ........................................................................................................... 7 Hands-On Steps ....................................................................................................................................... 8 Part 1: Exploring Wireshark ............................................................................................................... 8 Part 2: Analyzing Wireshark Capture Information .......................................................................... 12 Lab #1 - Assessment Worksheet...
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...TL 038 INNOVATION PROJECT MANAGEMENT: A RESEARCH AGENDA SERGEY FILIPPOV; HERMAN MOOI DELFT UNIVERSITY OF TECHNOLOGY, DEPARTMENT OF INNOVATION SYSTEMS RESEARCHER AT DELFT CENTRE FOR PROJECT MANAGEMENT (THE NETHERLANDS) Abstract th Originally developed in the mid-20 century, project management has become a distinctive way to manage business activities nowadays. Another important development is virtually universal recognition of the role of innovation and technology in the corporate change, growth and profitability. It is unsurprising that development of innovation is often run as a project. Yet, theoretically both project management and innovation studies have evolved over time as distinctively separate disciplines. In this paper we make an attempt to conceptualise the innovation project management and to specify the idiosyncratic nature of innovation projects as opposed to conventional projects. By doing so, we contribute to the nascent academic debate on the interplay between innovation and project management. Key words: project management, innovation, technology 1. Introduction This paper is concerned with three topics and the interplay between them, namely “Innovation”, “Research and Development (R&D)” and “Project Management”. The interest in these topics has exploded recently as they emerged both on the policy agenda and in the corporate strategies. The contribution of technological innovation to national economic growth has been well established in...
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...TWO PAPERS IN SUPPLY CHAIN DESIGN: SUPPLY CHAIN CONFIGURATION AND PART SELECTION IN MULTIGENERATION PRODUCTS by Sean Peter Willems B.S.E. Economics Wharton School, University of Pennsylvania, 1993 S.M. Operations Research Massachusetts Institute of Technology, 1996 Submitted to the Alfred P. Sloan School of Management in partial fulfillment of the requirement for the degree of Doctor of Philosophy in Management at the Massachusetts Institute of Technology February 1999 Copyright © Massachusetts Institute of Technology, 1999. All rights reserved. Signature of Author _____________________________________________________ Alfred P. Sloan School of Management January 26, 1999 Certified by ____________________________________________________________ Stephen C. Graves Abraham J. Siegel Professor of Management Co-director, Leaders for Manufacturing Program Accepted by ___________________________________________________________ This page intentionally left blank 2 TWO PAPERS IN SUPPLY CHAIN DESIGN: SUPPLY CHAIN CONFIGURATION AND PART SELECTION IN MULTIGENERATION PRODUCTS Abstract by Sean Peter Willems Submitted to the Alfred P. Sloan School of Management on January 26, 1999 in Partial Fulfillment of the Requirements for the Degree of Doctor of Philosophy in Management Increasing competitive pressures are forcing companies to increase their rates of innovation. The increasing rate of innovation shortens each product’s duration in the market, thereby compressing each product’s...
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