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Introduction

In the timeline of mobile phone technology, 3G technology will always be tied to the introduction of the smart-phone; but as our mobile phones evolve so does our technology. Our society is a demanding one and for the technologically savvy those demands are in the form of mobility, connectivity and faster mobile technology. 1. Compare and Contrast 3G Wireless Networks to 4G Networks in terms of :
Service and Applications
In today’s services and applications, the 3G wireless networks offer CDMA2000, UMTS, and EDGE plus other technologies in the list, while 4G networks offer Wimax2, LTE-Advance and HSPA+. Both of 3G and 4G are standards for mobile communications, primarily the 3G networks are designed for voice communications while the 4G networks are designed especially for data transmission rather than voice and it offers faster access to data in mobile phones. For example, 3G is a preferred for mobile phone games, especially those which contain graphics and animation, but for streaming videos, the 4G works better with less stuttering and a higher resolution. Similarly, video conferencing, IP telephony and even 3D television work better with faster data transmission offered by 4G.
Network Architecture Essentially, the 3G network is defined as Wide Area Cell Based network with a circuit switched fall-back which it relies on large satellite connections allow connection to many different telecommunication towers. While the 4G networks are based on integration of wireless LAN & Wide Area. In addition, 4G does not have a circuit-switched fall-back, instead it is a pure packet- based Internet Protocol (IP) system. When the user accesses a website or Interne-based application, a radio signal is sent to a 4G cell site. That data request travels from the satellite to a central office wirelessly using microwave technology. This is a more reliable method than the 3G wire-line transmission because there is less network downtime. The central office, in return, connects the data using a wire-line network to broaden connection worldwide. http://www.cost605.org/cost605school2011/1-LF-Pau-LTE.pdf

Data Throughput
The 3G Data throughput rate is limited to up to 3.1 mbps of a bandwidth of 5 – 20MHz; while the 4G networks is a range of 3 to 5 mbps. Potentially, 4G has estimated its range up to 100-300 mbps with a bandwidth of 100MHz (or more).Users of both of 3G and 4G networks are being happy of the network upgrading which referred to 4G generation improvement to allow users have all features of both of 4nd generation and 3nd generation plus the2nd generation too. In addition, 3G networks are available with the competitive pricing that have enabled millions of users to access mobile technology in ways they ever imagined possible.
User Perceptions Many of 3G network users are happy with the wireless services provided; meanwhile many other of 4G users have had complaints about the coverage areas. The differences are definitely there between the two technologies but the users of today have enjoyed the network speed and the technological advancements. Today’s 4G users are able to multi-task on and surf the net while talking on the phone. So users got a brief taste of the potential benefits of 4G services of how efficient it is in today’s wireless networks. http://www.diffen.com/difference/3G_vs_4G

2. Distinguish between the 4G LTE, 4G WiMax, and 4G WiBro Networks based on:(a) Upload and download speeds,(b) User Perceptions,(c) Backward Compatibility,(d) Service Availability.
The introduction of 4G networks has given the users the facility of wirelessly connect to Internet through using: 4G LTE, 4G WiMax, and 4G WiBro which those allow to distinguish between their services provided in many areas as the following:
Upload and Download Speeds The 4G LTE network ( Long Term Evolution) is used widely by Verizon Wireless. The data rate exchanges at speeds of 100 Mbps for downloads and 50 Mbps for uploads. The 4GWiMax is a technology that sprint developer using it shows download speeds of (3-6) Mbps and upload speed of f 1 Mbps. Reports have indicated that fixed WiMax speed is up to 75 Mbps and the mobiles offer speed of up to 30Mbps. With 4GWiBro, it has a data rate of exchange speeds range between 128Mbits/s download speed and 65Mbits/s upload speed.
User Perceptions
Users of 4G technology are really interested in the advancements and seem happy with the today’s 4G LTE services, but there have been some instances of poor connectivity or some of no connectivity. With 4G Wi-Max network ”Worldwide Interoperability for Microwave Access”, has brought access to million users despite of its cost to performance ratio exceeds all other technology. With 4G Wi-Bro network, it represents the current standard of wireless broadband mobiles and other devices and allow users to offer rich multimedia services to customers, plus s increase their overall revenue.
Backward Compatibility
Backward capability issue exists in 4GLTE when going from 3G towards 4G. In fact, 4GLTE is designed to be incompatible with 3G technology a such as : GSM” Global System for Mobile connection ”and HSPA ”High Speed Packet Access”, so if 4GLTE mobile device goes beyond the LTE coverage area then it fall back to 3G network, if it has the possible radio technology provided in the device.
With WiMAx, when it was upgraded its standards from802.16d”fixed WiMAx” to 802.16e”Mobile WiMax” that affected it capabilities to turn to backward compatible with its previous version and with the 3G technology as well. Furthermore, it is not capable of marking out a receiver who is moving out from one location to another, it requires a special antenna to receive the signal, while the 4GWiBro has the full ability to do so at speeds of up to 74 miles per hour.
Service Availability
In 2012, Verizon’s 4G LTE network coverage maps showed their service covered more than half of the U.S Population. This coverage provides service to 230 markets in the United States with expectations of that coverage increasing to 400 markets and 260 million people by the end of 2012. With benefits like security, customer address control, enhanced customer experience and services for diverse uses it will no doubt reach its projected goals. The service availability for 4G WiMax is limited in that it allows only users on the standard while additional users will be cut off from trying to use the connection. The 4GWiBro”Wireless Broadband” serves as an alternative to Wi-Max, it has the ability to mark out a receiver moving from one location to another at speeds of up to 74 miles/h, plus its radio service for broadband designed in Korea for the purpose of connectivity on to go. In brief, 4GWiBro is providing continuous wireless broadband connection even while traveling by the support of the IEEE 802.16e specification. http://www.zdnet.com/from-wibro-to-4g-2061969306/ 3. Identify why the competition between the 4G LTE carriers has been so fierce and describe the benefits of this competition to the subscribers.
Actually one of the most significant factor led to increase competition is came from the fact of meeting the customer’ needs and demands, beside other important factors which I believe the availability of mobile broadband technology are mostly compete to fixed line access technologies . Those mobile technologies led to increase user’s productivity by using the line on move and have the same connection speed exactly at home or work, furthermore, companies want to have the benefit of LTE design which allow them to use Verizon high speed wireless when sending some important data other than sending it on the Public Internet which it is vulnerable to Privacy intrusion. The organizations of multiple branches worldwide preferred mobiles and cellular to enable the business getaways through WAN connections “Wide Area Network”. Also Governments of developing countries have a growing demand on the new technology to access more of rural areas whose owning only fixed lines.. Also prices are driven down when having more than” one carrier” as an offer that encourages more buyers to have more carriers plus the data plan offered and increase the coverage areas developed that race to increase competition and spreading out the benefit to each market it reaches.

4. In January 2012, Verizon stated that 4G LTE is available in 190 cities covering 200 million American subscribers. According to AT&T‟s Website, they had plans for covering 20 million Americans in 15 markets by end of 2011. Conclude why Verizon is able to cover more markets than AT&T.

Verizon is truly the first in the United States to offer a 4G LTE network . This gave them a full year’s competitive advantage to develop their coverage areas. Verizon had many years ahead on AT&T to create and develop the coverage areas as At & T just launched their network in September of 2011 and is trying to catch up. At & T launched its first network in September of 2011 and still improving its product to compete with today’s market technology while Verizon achieved this lead partly by offering unlimited service plans and efficient data-equipped handsets. Verizon also obtained another 17 million people in their customer base by delivering wholesale access through third party resellers.

References:

* Turban / Volonino (2011) Information Technology for Management: Improving Strategic and Operational Performance 8th Edition, Class Text * Segan, S. (2012) 3G vs. 4G: What’s the Difference?, PCMag.com, http://www.pcmag.com/article2/0,2817,2399984,00.asp * Viswanahan, P. (2012) 3G Vs 4G – Which is Better? Pros and Cons of the 3G and 4G Networks, http://mobiledevices.about.com/od/carrierfaq/a/3g-Vs-4g-Which-Is-Better.htm * GoingWimax.com (2009) What is the Difference Between WiMax and LTE?, http://www.goingwimax.com/what-is-the-difference-between-wimax-and-lte-4155/ * Conjecture Corporation (2012) What Are the Differences between WiFi, WiMax and WiBro?, www.wisegeek.com, http://www.wisegeek.com/what-are-the-differences-between-wifi-wimax-and-wibro.htm * Tech-Faq.com (2012) WiBro, http://www.tech-faq.com/wibro.html

* Verizon Wireless (2011) News Center LTE Information Center, http://news.verizonwireless.com/LTE/Overview.html * Cisco.com (2012) Managed 4G LTE WAN: Provide Cost-Effective Wireless Broadband Service, http://www.cisco.com/en/US/solutions/collateral/ns341/ns849/solution_overview_c22-686343.html * Frank, R. (2012) Verizon: A Strong Play for Profits Now, http://seekingalpha.com/article/475501-verizon-a-strong-play-for-profits-now

Q2: http://elibrary.bigchalk.com.libdatab.strayer.edu/elibweb/elib/do/document?set=search&dictionaryClick=&secondaryNav=&groupid=1&requestid=lib_standard&resultid=5&edition=&ts=D1B55D5EDD802421666BB3C4D4178ACE_1375463808778&start=1&publicationId=&urn=urn%3Abigchalk%3AUS%3BBCLib%3Bdocument%3B137296150 Wright, Maury (2007, March 29). WiMax Gains in Mobile-Broadband Game, But 4G Lurks. EDN, (7), 56, Retrieved from http://elibrary.bigchalk.com http://elibrary.bigchalk.com.libdatab.strayer.edu/elibweb/elib/do/document?set=search&dictionaryClick=&secondaryNav=&groupid=1&requestid=lib_standard&resultid=2&edition=&ts=D1B55D5EDD802421666BB3C4D4178ACE_1375464189147&start=1&publicationId=&urn=urn%3Abigchalk%3AUS%3BBCLib%3Bdocument%3B151949442 Michael J Miller (2008, January 01). Rethinking How We Use Technology ; THE BIG PICTURE. PC Magazine, n/a, Retrieved from http://elibrary.bigchalk.com

http://www.zdnet.com/from-wibro-to-4g-2061969306/

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