...During the sixties Americans saw the rise of the counterculture. The counterculture was a group of movements focused on achieving personal and cultural liberation, was embraced by the decade’s young Americans. It included rejection of conventional social norms, reaction to political conservatism of the Cold War period and to extensive Military intervention in Vietnam, and the rejection of racial segregation (lect.,”Sex, Drugs, and Rock and Roll”, week 6). Because many Americans were members of the different movements in the counterculture, the counterculture influenced American society. As a result of the achievements the counterculture movements made, the United States in the 1960s became a more open, more tolerant, and a freer country. One of the most powerful counterculture movements in the sixties was the civil rights movement. In 1964, Congress passed the Civil Rights Act to end racial discrimination in employment, institutions like hospitals and schools, and privately owned public accommodations. In 1965, congress returned suffrage to black southerners, by passing the Voting Rights Act of 1965 (Foner 2009). In the case of Loving v. Virginia (1967), the Supreme Court ruled that laws prohibiting interracial marriage were unconstitutional(Foner 2009) . Because of the civil rights movement in the sixties, minorities gained more rights than they had prior to the 1960s. During this time, a group of writers became known for jump-starting the rebellion of the youth culture...
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...Running head: CIVIL RIGHTS IN THE SIXTIES 1 Civil Rights in the sixties Michael Crawford HIS/145 December 1, 2011 Amy Linimon Civil Rights in the sixties Civil Rights Movement: An Introduction America was a country borne out of a group of people's desire for Freedom from oppression, under the Lockean belief of human equality. Despite this however, discrimination & racism coloured American history. Indeed, it wasn't until the early part of the 20th century when the American Legal System formally recognized African Americans as 'citizens'. In America then, how are minorities seen? Remember that America was born out of the former New England Colonies that were once under the British. Therefore, America is predominantly made up of Anglo-Europeans who can trace their roots back to Europe & the Colonial Period. In the 1950's, any group that are not equally represented & enjoying the same rights & privileges under the protection of the American constitution or could but due to ethnicity & other factors are discriminated against is considered a minority. Women since the birth of the nation have struggled for gender equality, hence back then they were also considered a 'minority'. Even in the There were of course the African-Americans who were big players in the Civil Rights movement. The American Indians are also considered minorities although they were not as politically visible as pushing for the civil rights movement as the feminists & the African Americans (Rosa Parks, Martin Luther...
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...Music and the Sixties The 1960s was a time of transformation in cultural standards, fashion, and society attitudes. This decade of change was particularly apparent in the radical shifts in this era’s music. The music of the sixties had very distinct sounds, portrayal of events and attitudes. Social movements and political events influenced the culture through music. There were also several genres and artists that contributed to the influence of culture. During the 1960s, the music played a major role in shaping the culture. The music echoed the events and movements that were happening in society. Prior to 1963, the music reflected the sounds, styles and attitudes of the previous decade. Music of the 1960s magnified the rebellion and standing up to the emerging cultural changes. The music about protest relayed messages that everyone could and would to sing along to. Through the multiple events during the sixties the music and the American culture mood began to change. Current events in America also played a role in how music influenced American culture. The British Invasion, the Civil Rights Movement, and the escalation of the Vietnam War were major events that impacted the music. The British Invasion occurred when an explosion of British artists took the United States music scene by storm in the mid 1960s. Kenneth Olwig wrote an article titled, “The ‘British invasion’,” and summarizes, “The British Invaders that were listened to, were inspired by and faithfully played a...
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...decade of greatest achievement for black civil rights, the 1940’s and 1950’s were periods of equally important gains. Asses the Validity of this statement. Equality was always a touchy subject following the civil war. Following the war, the north did not put emphasis on equality for all men. It took almost a century longer for complete equality to be achieved. Clearly these changes did not come around quickly, and it took a large group effort to bring about change. The ending results of the fight for Civil Rights that came in the 1960’s are of equal or even lesser importance to the events that enacted the change during the 1940’s and 1950’s. The 1960’s were a time of great results of the effort to establish civil rights for African Americans. In the earl sixties, movements such as the Freedom Riders were still in full effect, but the government was beginning to sway to the black side. President Kennedy brings the Civil Rights Bill to congress in 1963. It is put down by the southern democrats. As a result, Leaders of the Civil Rights Movement organize a massive political march in Washington. One of the high points of this march is Dr. Martin Luther King’s speech on the steps of the Lincoln memorial. The efforts come to fruition with the passing of the Civil Rights Bill of 1964, and Voting Rights Bill of 1965. But the Efforts made in the sixties are mere fractions of the total amount of drive from the previous decades. Civil Rights was an important issue that came up after...
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...HIS 145 Week 2 Civil Rights in the Sixties Paper HIS 145 Week 3 The Counterculture and Sixties Movements Paper HIS 145 Week 4 The Trends of the Eighties Paper HIS 145 Week 5 The Internet Paper HIS 145 Week 5 Presidential Speech Presentation ----------------------------------------------------------- HIS 145 Week 1 Anti-communism and McCarthyism Paper (UOP) For more course tutorials visit www.his145.com Themes of anti-Communism preoccupied the American media from 1947 to 1954. Major topics included the coup in Czechoslovakia, the Korean War, the House Un-American Activities Committee, Alger Hiss, the Rosenbergs, and Joseph McCarthy. Identify at least three different articles from the ProQuest Historical Newspapers (New York Times, Washington Post, Wall Street Journal, Los Angeles Times, and Christian Science Monitor) written between 1947 and 1954 to see how these events were covered by the media. -Communism and McCarthyism during this period, including examples or quotes from each of the three articles you located. Prepare a 700 to 1,050 word paper in which you address the following: o The differences between anti-Communism and McCarthyism o The perspective from which the media covered anti-Communism and McCarthyism o American foreign policy decisions impacted by anti-Communism o How Americans’ lives changed because of the Red Scare ------------------------------------------------- HIS 145 Week 2 Civil Rights in the Sixties Paper (UOP) ...
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...1960’s Essay by Hailey Kotz The Nineteen Sixties was a decade that changed America forever. The topics that arose during the sixties were not small. When they were accomplished or challenged, the outcome changed American society forever. Most legislative bills passed in the sixties still remain today. The Office of Economic Opportunity (OEO) was created in August of 1964 by the Economic Opportunity Act. The OEO was a part of President Lyndon B. Johnson’s social and economic plans known as the “Great Society” and the “War on Poverty”. When it was created, the OEO coordinated the Job Corps, Neighborhood Youth Corps, work training and study programs, community action agencies including Head Start, adult education, loans for the rural poor and small businesses, work experience programs and Volunteers in Service to America. In the 1960 presidential election campaign John F. Kennedy argued for a new Civil Rights Act. The Civil Rights bill was brought before Congress in 1963 and in a speech on television on 11th June, Kennedy pointed out that: "The Negro baby born in America today, regardless of the section of the nation in which he is born, has about one-half as much chance of completing high school as a white baby born in the same place on the same day; one third as much chance of completing college; one third as much chance of becoming a professional man; twice as much chance of becoming unemployed; about one-seventh as much chance of earning $10,000 a year; a life expectancy...
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...Running head: CIVIL RIGHTS IN THE SIXTIES PAPER Civil Rights in the Sixties Paper Craig Miller University of Phoenix The American Experience Since 1945 HIS/145 Mark Tate May 20, 2010 Civil Rights in the Sixties Paper The Civil Rights Movement refers to era in the United States aimed at outlawing racial discrimination against African Americans and restoring suffrage in Southern states. “The truth is that no bill insuring civil rights to any person can be enforced so long as there are loopholes available in our political systems loopholes that are the progeny of the very basis of that system, federalism”.(Johnpoll,1964) Civil rights are guaranteed by law but took many years to achieve. For example even after the Civil War, African Americans were treated badly. They got the worst jobs and were paid poorly. Blacks and white were segregated. In other words, they were kept separate in public places including at theaters, restrooms, schools and in transportation. In the 1950's and 1960's Dr. Martin Luther King Jr. became known as the leader for the nonviolent civil rights movement. Malcolm X quickly became very prominent in the movement with his own group of followers. Noted legislative achievements during this phase of the Civil Rights Movement were passage of Civil Rights Act of 1964, that banned discrimination based on "race, color, religion, or national origin" in employment practices and public accommodations (n.a.2009). The Voting Rights Act of 1965 that...
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...The Sixties was a decade known to be unconventional and a crucial time in our history. It was a decade where there were various political and social issues, which also affected people’s values and the media. It was a crucial decade where people felt the need to express their values like never before. During this time Rock and Roll blew up, and hippies wanted to promote peace and love like never before. Culturally, the sixties was a time of major change for young and middle-aged citizens as sex, drugs and rock and roll became as much a trend, and way of, as a phrase. Teens sought to redefine the world in their own ways, rebelling against what they felt were restrictive, oppressive, social norms passed down from older generations. Drugs of various sorts, were a tool used to propel that rebellion....
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...The women’s rights movement was a huge turning point for women because they had succeeded in the altering of their status as a group and changing their lives of countless men and women. Gender, Ideology, and Historical Change: Explaining the Women’s Movement was a great chapter because it explained and analyzed the change and causes of the women’s movement. Elaine Tyler May’s essay, Cold War Ideology and the Rise of Feminism and Women’s Liberation and Sixties Radicalism by Alice Echols both gave important but different opinions and ideas about the women’s movement. Also, the primary sources reflect a number of economic, cultural, political, and demographic influences on the women’s movement. This chapter really explains how the Cold War ideologies, other protests and the free speech movements occurring during this time helped spark the rise or the women’s right’s movements. In Cold War Ideology and the Rise of Feminism by Elaine Tyler May, May examines the impact of political changes on American families, specifically the relationship of a Cold War ideology and the ideal of domesticity in the 1960s. May believed that with security as the common thread, the Cold War ideology and the domestic revival reinforced each other. Personal adaption, rather than political resistance, characterized the era. However, postwar domesticity never fully delivered on its promises because the baby-boom children who grew up in suburban homes abandoned the containment ethos when...
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...Influence of the 1960s The sixties were the age of youth, as 70 million children from the post-war baby boom became teenagers and young adults. The movement away from the conservative fifties continued and eventually resulted in revolutionary ways of thinking and real change in the cultural fabric of American life. No longer content to be images of the generation ahead of them, young people wanted change. The changes affected education, values, lifestyles, laws, and entertainment. Many of the revolutionary ideas which began in the sixties are continuing to evolve today (Bradley & Goodwin, 2010). Because of the sixties, I was able to grow up in a neighborhood where different cultures live harmoniously. Before the sixties, non-white people were not allowed to mixed-in with the white families. It is because of the 60s that one neighborhood can include a Hispanic family, and Asian family and an African-American family (Carter, 2010). The Civil Rights Act of 1965 gave more people the right to vote and took down the obstacles which prevented many people from participating in democracy and exercising their full rights as citizens. This enabled me to exercise my right as an individual living in the United States. The Civil Rights Act provided not only me but a lot of people the right to be vote, be heard, and express their opinion (Farber, 1994). The legacy of the 1960s can be seen including society and family structure in America. America. American society is more...
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...The significant steps towards equality gained in the sixties – in terms of civil and sexual liberties – have continued to grow, with recent years seeing female and coloured leaders in first world countries. Whilst some of the prejudices remain, they are considerably different, and less tolerated, than they were fifty years ago. Same sex marriage is one of the last challenges to be addressed in some parts of the civilized world. However, the path has not been without setbacks, particularly with the onset of AIDS from the late seventies damaging both the LGBT movement and the ‘free love’ generation. The drug culture of the sixties that inspired a generation became the problem of the seventies, with gang culture, rising crime and harder more damaging drugs taking the place of the ‘fun’ psychedelic years. Popular music was forever changed from the largely clean cut groups that began the decade (despite earlier concerns of the sexuality of rock and rollers such as Elvis Presley), through the music-driving-protest push of Dylan, through to Hendrix playing Star Spangled Banner at Woodstock...
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...decided that there had to be an end to all the discrimination that Mexicans faced, and started what is now known as the Chicano Movement. The Chicano Movement had a huge impact on not only Chicanos, but also on the nation. A) During the 60’s there were several civil rights movements that took place, and according to Rodolfo F. Acuna “the bases of social movements were inequality, and a moral outrage at the lack of fairness in the system” (Acuna 287), and this is what the Chicano Movement was. In order to understand the Chicano Movement, it must be defined; in short, the Chicano Movement was part of the Civil Rights movement during the 60’s whose goal was to get better education, voting rights, equal wages, and restoration of land grants; as it had originally been agreed to in the Treaty of Hidalgo. The word “Chicano” used to be considered a bad word, a word used to describe the Mexican-Americans, whose parents were immigrants. It wasn’t until the 1960’s that the word “Chicano” became more politically correct (definition handout). The history of the Chicano Movement is very important, and is part of the reason why current generation Mexicans have the freedom they do today. According to Acuna, during the sixties the Chicano...
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...American Civil Rights Movement Introduction The American Civil Rights Movement was a mass protest movement which was against discrimination and racial segregation in southern United States. The American Civil Rights Movement came into national prominence during the period of mid-1950s. The roots of this movement can be traced to the era of African slaves where their descendants started resisting racial oppression and they also advocated for the abolishment of slavery. This effectively led to the American slaves being emancipated due to the Civil War and they were also granted vital civil rights. These civil rights were granted during the Fourteenth and the Fifteenth amendments were done to the US Constitution. There were also continued struggles during the following century to effectively secure federal protection in regard to the granted rights (Green and Harold, 03). These struggles used various ways to express what they actually wanted by use of nonviolent protests. It was during the periods of between the 1950s and the 1960s when the civil rights movements attained the abolishment of race discrimination in public facilities in the south that they were more motivated to continue with their struggles. This was a breakthrough since they had achieved the equal-rights legislation basically for the African Americans. This was a humongous achievement since the 1865-1877 periods that was referred to as the Reconstruction period. The passage of the fundamental civil rights legislation...
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...This report will analyze the novel, Port Chicago 50, by Steve Sheinkin, and determine the strengths of the book and also how it can be improved. Port Chicago 50, by Steve Sheinkin, is about the fight for equal rights after the WWII explosion at Port Chicago, CA. This book is a well written account of a historic event that will captivate and inspire anyone who reads it. The setting of this book is during and after World War II, in and around naval docks and courts in the Bay Area. This was a time when racism and segregation ran rampant throughout the United States. Port Chicago 50 is about the alleged mutiny of black sailors in World War II. When fifty black sailors refused to load a ammunitions boat due to unsafe working conditions, the navy charged them with mutiny. The men were given an obviously biased trial that convicted all fifty of them of mutiny in wartime. They soon returned to service, but only after a hard-fought battle that eventually resulted in the desegregation of the United States Navy. Port Chicago 50, by Steve...
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...26 The Sixties: The Years That Shaped a Generation (continued) Homework: Journal response – The Sixties March 03 The Sixties journal response due Discuss Machiavelli/Jefferson essay prompt Man and the State: Machiavelli on Political Power Discuss rhetorical and critical reasoning implications Homework: World of Ideas – “Government Introduction: (14-19) Machiavelli’s “The Qualities of the Prince” (36-53) Journal response – Machiavelli text Prereading Questions (39); Questions for Critical Reading 1-5 (50) Define the terms ends and means, and explain why they are important. Compare Machiavelli’s advice with the behavior of a specific politician – past or present. Under what political circumstances might the ends justify the means? 05 The Old Globe 10 Machiavelli packet due Group presentation and discussion – Machiavelli Discuss rhetorical and critical reasoning implications Homework: World of Ideas – Jefferson’s “The Declaration of Independence” (76-84) Journal response to the Jefferson text Prereading Questions (80); Questions for Critical Reading1-5 (84) How does the document seem to define independence? Use this definition...
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