...Jail and Prison Comparison Jesus Rodriguez University of Phoenix Jail and Prison Comparison There are four types of prisons in the United States prison system. These are federal and state prisons. Along with counties and military. According to the Federal Government their federal prison system was established in 1930, it was to provide better way to care for inmates and rehabilitate them back into society. Along with a better work environment for all staff associated with the prison. Today they have 117 prison institutions that are located all over the United States. Where I live there are 2 Federal Prisons approximately an hour away in the towns of Atwater and Mendota. There are also approximately 217,000 inmates currently serving their sentences, if a lock up facility. Which is around 82% of them, the other 18% are housed in community based facilities or in jails. Just like any other institution they protect the community by keeping these felons locked up, while keeping a low cost to tax payers to help these facilities run. As well to reduce the recidivism rate with a number of different programs to assist inmates with their rehabilitation back to the community. As an officer I have visited our local federal institutions we have, and that is a system I would not want to work in. It’s bad enough that you are outnumbered 100 to one; all you have for protection is a radio. I commend those officers who work those halls. An officer was killed a few years back...
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...Running head: CRIMINOLOGY IN THE FUTURE 1 Criminology In The Future January 31, 2015 Running head: CRIMINOLOGY IN THE FUTURE 2 This world is constantly changing every day. When the world changes, the people change, and new technology populates, and so does the crime rates. Criminals will try to create new ways to commit crimes. The criminal justice system should pay close attention to these new technologies to keep the people safe. Law officials have to follow the law while using these technologies. Future advancement will allow criminology to determine civil liberty and ethical violations, as technology as and will become more of a vital element for law industry. Technology has always been a reliable source to law officials. Technology has included several tools such as: computers, cameras, maps, DNA systems, and many more that have benefited to law enforcements. New technology will not only solve cases current or conclude why a person murdered a relative of six, but also solve cold cases and also provide a more in-depth look at the causes of people committing murder and how their brains operate. Robots are being used continuously to help law enforcement prevent crimes. Robots are trained machines that operate faster than a human. The thoughts and practices in criminology will further expand as different crime-fighting methodologies and the directions of crime fighting provide different methods of finding criminal activities. New technologies have provided...
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...Running head: CRIMINOLOGY IN THE FUTURE 1 Criminology In The Future Laquita Taylor Criminology 314 January 31, 2015 Running head: CRIMINOLOGY IN THE FUTURE 2 This world is constantly changing every day. When the world changes, the people change, and new technology populates, and so does the crime rates. Criminals will try to create new ways to commit crimes. The criminal justice system should pay close attention to these new technologies to keep the people safe. Law officials have to follow the law while using these technologies. Future advancement will allow criminology to determine civil liberty and ethical violations, as technology as and will become more of a vital element for law industry. Technology has always been a reliable source to law officials. Technology has included several tools such as: computers, cameras, maps, DNA systems, and many more that have benefited to law enforcements. New technology will not only solve cases current or conclude why a person murdered a relative of six, but also solve cold cases and also provide a more in-depth look at the causes of people committing murder and how their brains operate. Robots are being used continuously to help law enforcement prevent crimes. Robots are trained machines that operate faster than a human. The thoughts and practices in criminology will further expand as different crime-fighting methodologies and the directions of crime fighting provide different methods of finding criminal activities...
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...Dear Friend, I am writing to answer your questions. The failure to Mirandize you will not result in dismissal of your case. The police are not required to Mirandize you until before you are interrogated. Once you were taken into custody and before you are questioned they must provide you with the Miranda warnings. In order to have your case dismissed on the grounds of failure to Mirandize, the court would have to find that your Miranda rights were violated. Any evidence obtained from your statements without being Mirandized could be suppressed. Once you have been Mirandized any statements you make will and can be used against you. You should not engage in any conversations with the police without legal representation. Any statements you may have made prior to the Miranda rights being given to you can be used in court. Legal representations will ensure that you are not answering questions that may hurt your case. I did some research on your particular case. In that research I uncovered several similar instances. One such instance involved a homeless single mother named Tanya McDowell. Tanya was arrested for registering her son using her babysitters address. Tanya was charged with first degree larceny and conspiracy to commit first degree larceny. She is facing up to 20 years in prison along with a $15,000 fine to repay educating costs (Khalek, 2011). Tanya McDowell was sentenced to 12 years in prison but the judge suspended 7 years of the sentence. She will serve five years...
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...Special Offenders Vin Sharma CJA/234 4/24/2014 Keone Thomas Special Offenders Definition According to “(Prison Glossary)” Offenders whose mental and/or physical condition requires special accommodation by DOC employees, contract workers, or volunteers. Special needs offenders may include, but are not limited to, drug or alcohol addicts or abusers, the emotionally disturbed, mentally retarded, suspected mentally ill, physically handicapped, chronically ill, the disabled or infirm, those with documented custody issues and those with limited academic ability or learning disability “(Prison Glossary)”. With that being said there are many special needs prisoners, one that many people are familiar with are the mentally ill, and substance abusing. There are many other illnesses then obvious ones, some prisoners have physical problems, others have infectious diseases like HIV/AIDS and tuberculosis, while some have serious substance abuse issues. One special offender no one thinks about is the elderly offenders in 2007 over ten percent of inmates in prisons were 50 years or older and many with serious health problems. Mentally ill and substance abusing prisoners In this paper I will be discussing the two common types of special needs offenders, the mentally ill and the substance abusing offenders. Among the prison population there are mentally ill prisoners, special needs offenders, and substance-abusing offenders. These special offenders affect...
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...Jail and Prisons Comparison Annette C. Carney CJA/234 September 27, 202 Juan Juarez Jail and Prisons Comparison Even though the jails and prisons are overcrowded and some offenders keep repeating the crimes; jail’s place in corrections and throughout history is an important one. There is a long history of state, and federal prisons with a series of similarities and differences between security levels in the jails, state prisons, and federal prisons. The corrections system has improved over the years to try to benefit not only the community, but the offenders as well. Punishment and corrections for crimes has been around for centuries; in Colonial America they used corporal punishment, Public humiliation, and workhouses to teach people lessons for committing crimes (University of Phoenix, 2011). The believed that the harsher the punishment or humiliation the less likely a person is to repeat the crime, and others would be scared to commit crimes. The Quakers did not believe this, they believed that there were more humane ways to punish, rehabilitate, and correct the criminal acts. Even though they mixed violent criminals with those who had minor infractions, and mixed men with women; the conditions were still an improvement compared to years before. This soon rubbed off, and other colonies started to incorporate these beliefs. As our nation formed each state began to maintain its own incarceration system (University of Phoenix, 2011). The penitentiary era began in 1790...
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...Running head: Jails and Prisons Comparison Paper Jails and Prisons Comparison Paper Quaron Harrison CJA/234 Version 3 February 9, 2013 Leon King This paper will discuss the following topics: Corrsctions history in institutions and origins, it will give a constructive opinion on the myth versus reality of a correctional system as a whole. This paper will also discuss the origin of jails and its place in the corrections and also the roles of jails thruout the ages. It wil speak about the history of state and federal prisons, the comaparison of simularitys and differnece between security levels in jails, state prisons and federal prisons. It also will cover an explanation of factors influencing growth in jails, state prisons and federal prisons. According to (pci.state.pa.us/portal/server.pt./community/history_of_pci/17812) William Penn was a Quaker and he knew persecution all to well. William Penn refomed the jails with hard labor in place of corporal punishment. In 1682, the first state prison was formed. The penal code was repealed, which was not a practice for the prison systems during the colonial period however William Penn fought for his efforts. This penal code left a landmark on PA laws and created and evolution in the PA prison system. In 1773, the Walnut street jail was constructed and this jail established the penal code (which only applied to non capitol charges) that William Penn fought for...
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...Prison Life Nikia D. Harris CJA/234 2/24/14 Sentencing Paper When it comes to punishment the State and Federal government handle things not to different from each other. Sentencing in both systems are not too different from each other also. In this paper I will look at the objectives of punishments by the State and Federal systems. We will also look at how sentencing affects State and Federal correction systems. I will also look at determinate and indeterminate sentencing. The definition of punishment according to the Merriam Webster dictionary is the act of punishing, suffering, pain or loss that serves as retribution and a penalty inflicted on an offender through judicial procedure. The mission of corrections has always been to court prescribed sentences for criminals or to carry the sentence of the court. When an offender is sentenced it is usually for one or more reasons. It is either deterrence, incapacitation, rehabilitation, and or restitution. Deterrence is the goal that is focused on preventing future crimes from happening. The idea is that if criminal receive punishment it would prevent them and others they know from committing crimes. Incapacitation is when you reduce the criminal capacity or intent to commit a crime. Rehabilitation is when you release an inmate back to society with more to offer themselves and the community before they committed the crime. Restitution is when you repay your debt to society financially. This sometimes happens if...
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...Prisoners with Special Needs Cara Lester CJA/234 July 9th, 2013 University of Phoenix George king There are many special needs prisoners, one that many are familiar with are the mentally ill, and substance abusing. In 1955 there weren’t any mental institutions being built, and there were forty that were shut down about a decade ago. As of today there were more prisons opening up, and many people seemed the most qualified to care for and house these patients. Today prisons have taken on the lead role of caring for mentally ill patients, housing 45,000 in prison to 3,000 in mental institutions. Rehabilitation programs are lacking in the mentally ill category, therefore mentally ill prisoners usually return to prison. There are many inmates in prisons that have different special needs. Some of these needs are based on the sex of the inmate. Male’s prisoners have a lot more special needs to take care of their selves as the females prisoners do not. You also have inmates who suffer from a mental illness. Their special needs are much more different than those who have basic needs. People who suffer from substance abuse have needs in the area called addiction. With having these...
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...Jail and Prisons Comparison Paper Kevona Williamson CJA/234 August 15, 2013 Professor C. Darnell Stroble, Esq The jails have been around for quite some time now and have played a huge role in our society. They were originally designed to serve one purpose and that was to lock an individual up. They were very inhumane and cruel. Not a place anyone would want to go and in fact people feared being locked up due to the fact of the things that would happen to an individual while they were in the jail. There was a severe lack of food and the hygiene levels were very low. The jails over time changed as the times changed. They started to realize that a jails place was not to just lock up an individual but to rehabilitate them as well and get them ready to be released back into society. They have done this by adding several different programs over the years. You can now get your high school diploma while in jail. There are several drug and alcohol related programs to get an individual clean and sober and ready for release. There are trade school programs so inmates can learn a trade and when released can get a job and become a productive member of society. The transition from the street to jail is far more dramatic, and sometimes volatile, in comparison to the transition from jail to prison. Therefore, although the staff in reception areas of jails and prisons deal with similar processes, the emotional and physical health of those admitted into jail, in most cases, are extremely...
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...Purpose and history of penitentiaries Name Date CJA/234 Introduction to Corrections Instructors Name History of Punishment History of punishment exists since of thousands of years. Though, it is very tough to decide when exactly human civilization started punishment system. There are some records to support the start of punishment system. The earliest legal code may have been that of Ur-Nammu, Founder of third dynasty of Ur at about 2050 BC. In this legal code actually a person will have to pay for something he does wrong. Usually the payment will be done in Silver Mina. Later, In Samarian records there was actually death penalty was given at murder trial. In the “Law of Eshunna” the upper class and lower class were given different punishment. This law use to cover every aspect of social life including marriage, divorce, Loans etc. The punishments were in form of monetary. The code of Hammurabi written around 1750 BC. By this code, abiding principle was Talio which has to do with mutilating the part of the body which has committed crime. In the kingdom, the legal rights and judicial process were available for everyone. But slaves and prisoners of war were not...
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...Prisoners with Special Needs M J CJA/234 Introduction “Special needs offenders are incarcerated offenders with special needs stemming from their physical or mental age or other disabilities. Special needs can encompass many types of conditions like :offenders with severe psychological needs, mental retardation, significant psychiatric disorders, behavior disorders, multiple handicaps, neurological impairment and substance abuse; or offenders with physical handicaps, or chronic or terminal illnesses; or elderly offenders; or offenders with severe social and/or educational deficiencies, learning disabilities or language barriers; or offenders with special security or supervision needs, such as protective custody cases, death row inmates and those who chronically exhibit potential or aggressive behavior; or sex offenders, for whom appropriate treatment may reduce the risk of reoffending” ("Special Needs Offender Law & Legal Definition", n.d.). As more inmates are found guilty and are given prison sentences the prison system has to focus on separating special needs offenders. This separation is necessary to insure safety and balance within the facility. The special needs population can affect both the state and federal level of incarceration because they must gather accurate date. Putting offenders with different needs together can lead to violence issues among inmates. There is also an increase...
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...Sentencing in America Jim Harper CJA/234 March-25, 2013 Mary Walker Sentencing in America Trials in America can be lengthy process. Even when there is a large amount of evidence against a defendant, the trial process may still carry on for months or even years. In the end, however, there must be a verdict. That verdict will either be innocent or guilty. If the defendant is found innocent he or she can be set free. However, if the defendant if the defendant is found guilty he or she must be sentenced. The sentencing aspect of the trial process belongs to the judge. The judge must weigh many factors before handing down the sentence. The judge must determine a fair and proper sentence to fit the crime. Too much may spark outrage in the public, as will too light of a sentence. The judge must find a way to serve true justice to the defendant. However, generally no matter what the sentence is, someone will be dissatisfied. Over the next few paragraph, how these sentences affect the correction system and the overall objective will be examined. The difference between in determinate and indeterminate sentencing will also be examined. Objective and Effects of Sentencing The overall goal of sentencing a person is to deter future criminal acts. Some people believe that inmates should be sentenced for rehabilitation, whereas others believe in strictly deterrence. With America’s “tough on crime” stance, the model tends to be...
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...Sentencing Brittany N Mann CJA/234 September 4, 2011 Barbara Carroll, PhD. Sentencing laws in the United States corrections vary, depending on the objectives set at the state and federal levels. Sentencing guidelines provide structure at the criminal sentencing stage by defining offense and offender elements that should be considered in each case to determine the correct sentence. There are four justifications for punishment in the United States; the four principal objectives of punishment are traditionally stated as retribution, deterrence, rehabilitation ,and incapacitation. There are many factors that determine what form of punishment you receive. The factors include the type of crime committed and previous criminal history. The state objectives for punishment are applied to misdemeanors, and the federal objective for punishment is only for felonies and serious misdemeanors. The principal objectives for punishment are retribution, deterrence, rehabilitation and incapacitation. Retribution is the justification punishment in which the offender is given a sentence that is vengeful, this given to make the offender suffer for the crime committed, to also make the offender morally responsible for the offender to...
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...Punishment and Sentencing Brian Krail CJA/234 11/20/2011 Punishment and Sentencing Crimes against morality and individual rights have existed since the dawn of man as well as the need to punishment those crimes. Public consciousness and sentiment have evolved over time and greatly influence the goals of modern-day punishment criminals. The legal and correctional systems tend to fall in line with this morals and concepts of their respective era. While threat of prison and punishment may be deterrence to crime, the goals of punishment and sentencing can be placed into the categories of rehabilitation, retributions and incapacitation. Through the classification of crimes and prisoners, the modern-day correctional system emphasizes a hybrid mix of these objectives based on the severity of the crime and susceptibility of the criminal. Incapacitation as a goal or strategy in punishment and sentencing is best focused on those offenders who commit crimes at very high rates. By taking a large slice of out of the life of a career criminal, the punishment has prevented, in theory, the number of crimes that individual, would have been committed if that while in society. Since the 1980’s, the United States has increasingly taken a this approach which has led to increased sentences for the majority of offenders also leading to prison overcrowding. The effectiveness of this strategy is often debated although many of not most studies conclude this strategy does provide...
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