...Criminal Justice Trends Evaluation Sean R. Callesto CJA 394 December 20, 2012 Jeromy Orton Criminal Justice Trends The past trends of the criminal justice system are how we evaluate the system as a whole, and how we strive to make it better. The present is full of ideas towards a better future involving those better ideas made in the past. With today’s society of highly educated individuals, we can only speculate on what the future of the criminal justice system will be, but we can be assured of one certainty, it will change. The value of the criminal justice system in a changing society will also play a factor in what will become of the criminal justice system itself. The Past The criminal justice system was first established in order to provide society a sense of balance. If everyone was left unchecked for the crimes that they had committed then there would not be a balance and there would only be chaos. Even when it seemed like there was a lot of incidents that went without notice, compared to today, hundreds of years ago, there were still laws that were established that prevented total anarchy. First, there were the police of the past. One does not have to look too far into the past to see how different the police were. Only a few hundred years to even seventy years before now will show what a different sort of job it was. When I think of the “Old School” police officer I think of the New York “beat cop” in the early to mid-1900’s that had nothing...
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...CJA 394 ENTIRE COURSE To purchase this visit here: http://www.activitymode.com/product/cja-394-entire-course/ Contact us at: SUPPORT@ACTIVITYMODE.COM CJA 394 ENTIRE COURSE CJA 394 Week 1 DQ 1 CJA 394 Week 1 DQ 2 CJA 394 Week 1 Individual Assignment Criminal Justice Trends Evaluation Paper CJA 394 Week 2 DQ 1 CJA 394 Week 2 DQ 2 CJA 394 Week 2 Individual Assignment Policing Functions Paper CJA 394 Week 2 Team Assignment Policing Development and Operation Trends Paper CJA 394 Week 3 DQ 1 CJA 394 Week 3 DQ 2 CJA 394 Week 3 Individual Assignment Court Issues Analysis Paper CJA 394 Week 3 Team Assignment Court Management Executive Summary CJA 394 Week 4 DQ 1 CJA 394 Week 4 DQ 2 CJA 394 Week 4 Individual Assignment Corrections Trend Evaluation Paper CJA 394 Week 4 Team Assignment Futures of Corrections Paper CJA 394 Week 5 DQ 1 CJA 394 Week 5 DQ 2 CJA 394 Week 5 Individual Assignment Global Crimes Analysis Paper CJA 394 Week 5 Team Assignment Article Analysis Paper Activity mode aims to provide quality study notes and tutorials to the students of CJA 394 ENTIRE COURSE in order to ace their studies. CJA 394 ENTIRE COURSE To purchase this visit here: http://www.activitymode.com/product/cja-394-entire-course/ Contact us at: SUPPORT@ACTIVITYMODE.COM CJA 394 ENTIRE COURSE CJA 394 Week 1 DQ 1 CJA 394 Week 1 DQ 2 CJA 394 Week 1 Individual Assignment Criminal Justice Trends Evaluation Paper CJA 394 Week 2 DQ 1 CJA 394 Week 2 DQ 2 CJA 394 Week 2...
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...Include the group’s various business interests over time La Cosa Nostra have been in various business for over 80 years in Miami and across the United States. Through violence and illegal activities they have been able to grow and evolve throughout the years. Law enforcement have weaken the organization throughout the past three decades but have not been able to overcome the organization. The Cosa Nostra various business interest over time have include murder, loan-sharking, extortion, beating, illegal gambling, entertainment places, buildings, food services, garbage companies, drug trafficking, and politic influence. La Cosa Nostra is able to gain control of these business by pure force and corruption. In a 1997 case in Chicago La Cosa Nostra where able to get away with a considerable amount of corruption cases that involved law enforcement, judges, politicians, and lawyers pleading guilty or convicted of the crime. “Jacobs (1999) believes that one of the LCN’s major assets is its general business acumen. They are best described, he says, as being entrepreneurial, opportunistic, and adaptable. They find ways to exploit market vulnerabilities, while at the same time maintaining the necessary stability and predictability that business requires to be profitable. One of the ways they do this is by taking over only a piece of a legitimate business -- and providing a service in return -- rather than taking over the...
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...Correctional Trends Evaluation Contemporary Issues and Futures in Criminal Justice CJA/394 The paper will evaluate the past, present, and future trends that have had a profound affect in the development and operation of institutional and community-based corrections. The need of prisons and prison administrators is most important in the criminal justice system therefore, the paper will identify the current and future issues today. In addition the paper will evaluate the corrections system as a developing trend pertaining to the issues and the role of alternative corrections. Development and Operations of Institutional Corrections In prior years the development of institutional corrections left nothing to the imagination. The perspective of development and operations of institutional corrections is one fact that the facilities’ inmates were housed in the conditions were dark and fifthly. Inmates were treated harshly, and worked extremely hard. Today the development and operations of institutional corrections play a part where constitutional rights are in affect. Inmates today although the prison systems are overcrowded they are with constitutional rights. One constitutional right an inmate is entitled to today is health care. The prison system today functions differently. Rules and regulations are enforced but not by the hands of the facility but by the law. Facilities today although overcrowded are no longer dark, and fifthly. Inmates...
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...Criminal justice system is forever changing to protect and server society. Relationships between the United States government, state, and local policing looking at programs from the past, need changes for the future. State and local law enforcement responsibilities, and functions in fighting crime by enforcing laws, apprehending offenders, preventing crime, and preserving the peace, has changed since September 11, 2001. State law enforcement is expanding their responsibilities, changed from acts of terrorisms, new laws, and procedures of new types of crimes. Cyber-crime, new technology, terrorism, immigration, drug, and human trafficking contributing for changes in laws nationally and international. Need to identify and assess recent and future trends that affect the criminal justice system (Homeland Security and Law Enforcement” 2009) Western law combines contributions from ancient laws and Common law. The structure of laws came from England, their Bobbies (police officers), statutory, and case law. Sheriffs were the town’s authority, received taxes, and gave out punishment and banishing citizens. Common law highlighted in 1811 when English prison reformer and jurist, Jeremy Bentham wrote to President James Madison offering to codify the law of the United States. The bases of the nation’s laws are from the Constitutions, peruses as a constraint on police power the government can enact, guarding personal liberties. The Bill of Rights and the Fourth, Fifth, Sixth, and Fourteenth...
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...Local, State and Federal Police Organization Management Issue Trends CJA/394 Local, State and Federal Police Organization Management Issue Trends As Robinson (2009) reveals, policing has dramatically changed within the last three decades. While the majority of departments and officers (Robinson, 2009), reportedly 75% serve local towns and cities and thereby comprise a tier of the local government, these departments have been increasingly challenged to meet the changing needs of the community, the political directives and do so in ways that serve all the stakeholders. Understandably, differences exist among departments relative to their size, their organizational structures, communication methods, levels of community interaction and technology use (Shevory, 2003; Roberg et.al., 2003). Balancing budgets, attracting, hiring and retaining qualified personnel, maintaining organizational culture and assuring the organization upholds honesty and integrity also inform managerial responsibilities (Roberg et.al., 2003). Within a changing landscape, one in which the media, the public, economic and political demands shift considerably, police management fulfills both intermediary and leadership roles (Roberg et.al., 2003). As it does, it struggles to achieve legitimacy in the eyes of the public, the eyes of the department, the eyes of the legal sector and the governmental one (Mastrofski, 2007). Charged with public safety, community policing, and crime-control, the...
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...Criminal Justice Trends Brandi Reed CJA/394 Contemporary Issues and Futures in Criminal Justice July 30, 2012 Darren Gil, Faculty University of Phoenix Abstract Criminal Justice Trends The criminal justice system plays a large part in society. In the same aspect, society also plays a large part in the criminal justice system. Both components have not only been an importance in American history but are both constantly changing to form the criminal justice system into what it is today. This paper will address how the criminal justice system has progressed throughout American history, the importance of the criminal justice system, and society’s views of the criminal justice system. Trends of the Criminal Justice System There are many different crime trends associated with the criminal justice system. These trends can range from violent crime trends such as homicide, aggravated assault, and rape to more nonviolent crime trends such as identity theft, burglary, drugs, and property crimes (Rosenfeld, 2008). Many of the crime trends that are a focus of the justice system today have long been an issue. The difference in these trends over the progression of time is the growth in population, the evolution of ethnic groups, and large amounts of unemployment in today’s society (Rosenfeld, 2008). Progression of the Criminal Justice System The criminal justice system has long been an important part of society. The system is formed of smaller...
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...Criminal Justice Trends Evaluation Criminal Justice Trends Evaluation Paper Jerry J Lynch Jr February 20, 2012 CJA/394 - Contemporary Issues and Futures in Criminal Justice Darren Gil, Faculty University of Phoenix Criminal Justice Trends Evaluation The criminal justice field is an ever evolving field. As today’s technology changes so does the way the criminal justice field interacts with that technology. As our society changes the technology that we use will also be altered to fit the situation. The barriers that come along can affect how the criminal justice field interprets what to do next. The basis of the criminal justice system is to protect and serve the community as a whole. Keeping up with the changes in society is a vital part of our criminal justice. Within this paper there will be an examination of the barriers as it relates to females in the criminal justice field as well as minorities in particular roles and departments. Furthermore, it will evaluate the current and future trends that affect the criminal justice as designed and defined in regards to the evolution of technology and a forever changing society. However, as time began to change the world, policing changed as well. In this paper this author will evaluate the past, present and future trends in the interface between components of the criminal justice system and criminal justice connections with surrounding society which involves policing in the United States of America...
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...Criminal Justice Trends Erin Berger CJA/394 Monday, March 5, 2012 University of Phoenix, Troy Hokanson Criminal Justice Trends The criminal justice system is set within our society as a means to protect those individuals that are innocent from those who intend to harm him or her. The purpose of a law is meant to protect a person from a person who could intentionally or potentially harm them. The two, work together to try and meet with the same results, to protect the innocent and punish the guilty. We as a society are full of people whom choose to continuously evolve. We are changing and as we change our perceptions change and as our perceptions change our society changes. This is responsible for the trends that take place in our society and inevitably within our criminal justice system. In this paper we will endeavor to assess previous, current, and imminent trends in the boundary amongst mechanisms of the criminal justice system and criminal justice associations with adjacent society. In our assessment we will also attempt to evaluate and identify recent and future trends and contemporary issues that affect our criminal justice system and try to determine the value of the criminal justice system in a changing society (University of Phoenix Student website, 2010). Many have viewed the criminal justice system as simply presenting a harsh existence. Some have viewed it as being too lax. There are many individuals that could agree that at one...
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...CJA 394 WEEK 1 Criminal Justice Trends Evaluation Criminal Justice Trends Evaluation John Doe CJA 394 October 01, 2001 Jane Doedy Criminal Justice Trends Evaluation The criminal justice system is forever adjusting to protect and serve a changing society. The paper evaluates, identifies and assesses recent future and current trends affecting the criminal justice system. Lastly, it defines the values of the system in a changing society. Recent trends affecting the criminal justice system are related to gender and racial barriers. According to Roslyn Muraskin and Albert R. Roberts (2009 ), assessments of statuses of women and minorities in police work shows that there are obstacles in official and informal structures of police work organizations related to gender and race. Regardless of assessment studies, which show that women are effective patrol officers, organizational principles of law enforcement has repelled the combination of women into patrol officers for more than 20 years. There are three kinds of organizational resistance to slowing down staffing and preservation of female patrol officers. The first organizational resistance is called Technical Resistance. Technical Resistance comprises of failure to adjust police uniforms, gear, and tools sufficiently for women, and constant issues on physical testing, and firearms during their drills, and preperations. The second organizational resistance is named Political and Cultural Resistance. According to Roslyn Muraskin...
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...LEARNING TEAM CHARTER – TEAM “C” |Course Title |CJA/394 CONTEMPORARY ISSUES AND FUTURES IN CRIMINAL JUSTICE | | | | | | | | | | | Team Members/Contact Information |Name | |Phone | |Time zone and | |Email | | | | | |Availability During the Week | | | |Penney Guessford | |551-221-4545 | |Monday-Friday 9am-7pm EST | |Mainer78@hotmail.com | |Tonya Patrick | |(314)910-9220 | |NA | |Tequilamamita@yahoo.com | | | | | | | |Don’t use school email | | | | | | | | |Sat 2pm-6pm | | | | ...
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...Court Management Executive Summary Larry Garcia, Stephanie Saucedo, Erick Orozco, Alfred Grayson CJA/394 Jan-24-2012 Barry Boggle The traditional and “problem-solving” roles of the judge may be at odds philosophically, ethically, managerially, and Procedurally Communities expect more from courts for example, rehabilitation, reform, and control/cure of substance abuse and other behaviors and conditions. But some social problems cannot be solved. For example, mental health courts have proliferated as a result of federal funding. However, advocates point out that mental illness is not a crime and, in some instances, may be treatable but not curable. Likewise, domestic violence issues are complex; while courts can address some aspects and implement practices that will not exacerbate the problems; the general dynamics of domestic violence make the problem difficult for courts to solve. Long-term monitoring of substance abusers and sex offenders may be unworkable or unconstitutional (Chris Woodworth). “While the Purposes and Responsibilities of Courts Core Competency requires knowledge of and reflection upon theoretic concepts, their history and development over time, this competency is practical. The Purposes and Responsibilities Competency gives meaning to, in fact properly grounds, day-to-day judicial administration and the other nine Core Competencies. Absent knowledge of the judiciary’s enduring purposes and continuing responsibilities, court leaders, both judicial and...
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...Criminal Justice Trends Eliezer Cardona CJA/394 David Mitchell May 2013 Criminal Justice Trends The criminal justice is a system rapidly changing to meet societal needs. Many improvements within the criminal justice field are made so it can be cost effectiveness and technological advances can be made. Society today shows crime being committed always occurs so jobs are opening and manning for the positions are increasing. One of the technological advances that have improved substantially from the past is a computer aided police management systems. This is used to usually identify problems or map out crime. With these improvements problems are always bound to arise which leads to the criminal justice field to face many challenging moral dilemmas. Such as privacy concerns or misuse of technology, that can lead to the violations of people’s rights. With many of these crimes set in motion the only logical thing to do is to have governed laws that everyone abides to. Laws are implemented to keep the crime rate down as far as contemporary issues go. There are many of these issues that go on in today’s society as far as terrorism or even the drug cartel. These problems are always posing a threat to the criminal justice field due to the fact it is something that is not that easy to stop. “The government is the only institution in society that has a legitimate right to exert physical force over us. Since the beginning of the twenty-first century there has been evidence...
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...Future of Corrections Heather Rhodes Angie Guzman Lady Cruz Jessica Olguin University Of Phoenix CJA/394 February 8, 2012 There has been a great amount of change in the philosophy and practices of sentencing and corrections in the past 30 years. In the first seven decades there was a strong emphasis on rehabilitation that lasted until 1970’s. The focus on rehabilitation gave way to the focus on fairness and justice which was considered the “just deserts” model. Then the sentencing practices moved on toward a crime-control model which became extremely popular in the 1980s and 1990s. These changes lead to the sentencing practices that are used today and focus on four major goals; retribution this refers back to the just deserts model meaning that people who break the law deserve to be punished. The three other goals deterrence, incapacitation and those most favored one rehabilitation all of these have their own effective emphasizing methods used to protect the public. The get tough on crime perspective is where the sentencing stage is at currently this has caused an increase in prison populations. As the population and the population of minority groups in the justice system continue to grow it is likely that we will move toward a treatment orientation, and community corrections will be enhanced and expanded. Retribution is one of the first philosophies corrections followed. This model refers back to the just desserts model, basically that people who break...
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...Court Management Executive Summary CJA/394 Contemporary Issues and Futures in Criminal Justice January 30, 2012 Troy Hokanson Courtroom Management Executive Summary The purpose of court systems is to ensure that a person accused of committing a crime receives a punishment or is released by reviewing evidence against the accused, and to settle any debts that individuals may have. Court systems have to maintain themselves just as any business does; there needs to be leaders, changes, and an effort to become better every day. For court systems to continue and become a better functioning mass there must be a willingness to change as well as ensuring there are timely hearings, and willingness to respect the court and communities that surround it. Court processes and responsibilities The primary purpose of the court systems is to determine which verdict to ascend on the offender, which means determining if the accused can be found guilty beyond a reasonable doubt. The court provides an environment in which the defense, and the prosecution can argue their points based on outlines of the (Gaines, Kaune, and Miller2000, p. 207). The state Courts of Appeal review and renders decisions on cases appealed to them from the lower circuits of the state court system. No jury trials are held at this level, they simply review the cases for legal sufficiency and render a verdict either affirming them or remanding them back to the lower courts for re-trial. State Supreme...
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