...by these rules so that we remain in good standings with God or maybe because we want to attain salvation. Throughout my kosher-style expedition, I searched for an answer and turned to several notable texts for insight. According to the rules of kashrut, there are several impermissible food combinations. Kashrut forbids one from cooking or eating meat and dairy products together. Furthermore, some Jews wait one to three, or sometimes six hours after eating meat before eating dairy again. Similar customs impose waiting periods for eating meat after one has consumed dairy; however, these periods are typically shorter in length (Sigman). The laws of kashrut extend so far that food must: (1) come from a proper source (no shellfish or pork), (2) be prepared in a specific manner and (3) not be combined inappropriately with other food—no combing dairy and meat (Rich). The public, including myself, is much more aware of the first and third laws (no pork, no cheeseburgers, etc.). Interestingly enough, the second rule is the most prohibitive, as it effects the utensils and kitchen equipment of many Orthodox Jews. Fortunately, I kept kosher-style for three days and not fully kosher because I...
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...2014 ACA Code of Ethics As approved by the ACA Governing Council AMERICAN COUNSELING ASSOCIATION counseling.org Mission The mission of the American Counseling Association is to enhance the quality of life in society by promoting the development of professional counselors, advancing the counseling profession, and using the profession and practice of counseling to promote respect for human dignity and diversity. © 2014 by the American Counseling Association. All rights reserved. Note: This document may be reproduced in its entirety without permission for non-commercial purposes only. Contents ACA Code of Ethics Preamble • 3 ACA Code of Ethics Purpose • 3 Section A The Counseling Relationship • 4 Section B Section Confidentiality and Privacy • 6 C Professional Responsibility • 8 Section D Relationships With Other Professionals • 10 Section E Evaluation, Assessment, and Interpretation • 11 Section F Supervision, Training, and Teaching • 12 Section G Research and Publication • 15 Section H Distance Counseling, Technology, and Social Media • 17 Section I Resolving Ethical Issues • 18 Glossary of Terms • 20 Index • 21 • 2 • ACA Code of Ethics Preamble The American Counseling Association (ACA) is an educational, scientific, and professional organization whose members work in a variety of settings and serve in multiple capacities. Counseling is a professional relationship that empowers...
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...coporateCompanies Act, 2013 Key highlights and analysis Significant changes and implications Companies Act, 2013 1 Contents 04 | Introduction 06 | Key definitions and concepts 10 | Setting up of a company 16 | Management and administration 18 | Directors 24 | Accounts and audit 30 | Dividend 32 | Compromises, arrangements and amalgamations 34 | Revival and rehabilitation of sick companies 36 | Corporate social responsibility 38 | Implications on private companies 40 | Other areas 44 | Sections notified till date and circulars or orders issued Foreword The long-awaited Companies Bill 2013 got its assent in the Lok Sabha on 18 December 2012 and in the Rajya Sabha on 8 August 2013. After having obtained the assent of the President of India on 29 August 2013, it has now become the much awaited Companies Act, 2013 (2013 Act). An attempt has been made to reduce the content of the substantive portion of the related law in the Companies Act, 2013 as compared to the Companies Act, 1956 (1956 Act). In the process, much of the aforesaid content has been left, ‘to be prescribed’, in the Rules (340+) which are yet to be finalised and notified. As of the date of this publication, 99 sections have been notified and a few circulars have been issued clarifying the applicability of these. We are pleased to bring you our new publication, Companies Act, 2013: Key highlights and analysis. This publication brings out the significant changes proposed by the 2013 Act as compared to the...
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...Copyright © July 2011 Securities Commission Malaysia All rights reserved. No part of this publication may be reproduced, stored in or introduced into a retrieval system, or transmitted in any form or by any means (graphical, electronic, mechanical, photocopying, recording, taping or otherwise), without the prior written permission of the Securities Commission Malaysia. Perpustakaan Negara Malaysia Corporate governance blueprint 2011 : towards excellence in corporate governance Bibliography : p. 77 ISBN 978–983–9386–67–7 1. Corporate governance--Malaysia. 2. Industrial management. 1. Suruhanjaya Sekuriti Malaysia. 658.4009595 Cataloguing-in-Publication Data This book is printed using eco-friendly recyclable and bio-degradable paper CONTENTS FOREWORD BY MINISTER OF FINANCE II, MALAYSIA MESSAGE FROM CHAIRMAN OF THE SECURITIES COMMISSION MALAYSIA INTRODUCTION CHAPTER 1 v vii 1 5 SHAREHOLDER RIGHTS CHAPTER 2 13 ROLE OF INSTITUTIONAL INVESTORS CHAPTER 3 21 THE BOARD’S ROLE IN GOVERNANCE – – – – ROLES AND RESPONSIBILITIES INDEPENDENCE OF THE BOARD COMPOSITION OF THE BOARD COMMITMENT OF BOARD MEMBERS 43 CHAPTER 4 DISCLOSURE AND TRANSPARENCY CHAPTER 5 53 ROLE OF GATEKEEPERS AND INFLUENCERS CHAPTER 6 61 PUBLIC AND PRIVATE ENFORCEMENT IMPLEMENTATION ACRONYMS AND ABBREVIATIONS REFERENCES ACKNOWLEDGEMENTS 69 75 77 79 FOREWORD by YB DATO’ SERI AHMAD HUSNI HANADZLAH Minister of Finance II, Malaysia Malaysia is transforming itself into a high-income...
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...CHAPTER 1 INTRODUCTION: THE ROLE, HISTORY, AND DIRECTION OF MANAGEMENT ACCOUNTING QUESTIONS FOR WRITING AND DISCUSSION 1. A management accounting information system is an information system that produces outputs using inputs and processes needed to satisfy specific managerial objectives. 2. The inputs of a management accounting information system are economic events. The processes transform the inputs into outputs and are such things as collecting, measuring, storing, analyzing, reporting, and managing. Typical outputs include special reports, product costs, customer costs, performance reports, budgets, and personal communication. 3. The three objectives of a management accounting information system are as follows: To provide information for costing out services, products, and other objects of interest to management; to provide information for planning, controlling, evaluation, and continuous improvement; and to provide information for decision making. 4. All organizations — manufacturing, merchandising, and services — must have a good management accounting information system. Management accounting concepts and procedures are not restricted to any one type of organization. 5. The users of management accounting information are managers and workers within the organization. Anyone internal to an organization is a potential user of management accounting information. 6. Management accounting information is used to cost out objects (for example, services and products) and to aid in...
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...------------------------------------------------- Background This course is designed for government officials, development consultants and practitioners, students of development, and those who have keen interest in governance and financial management. Nowadays, effective public financial management is considered critical in combating corruption, alleviating poverty, and ensuring the effective use of internal and external resources. This course is a fundamental course that aims to provide basic understanding of effective public financial management systems to the participants in a better, quicker and efficient way by making them familiar with various internal and external techniques available to strengthen the fiscal transparency and management that is catalyst for economic growth and development. This UNITAR e-learning course will give a holistic overview of the concept and techniques of public financial management. The course will discuss the role of internal controls and audit system as well as the role of external audits in ensuring efficiency and integrity in public financial management and in combating corruption. The course is designed especially for public officials and development practitioners, but is also open to the general public who want to be aware of public financial management instruments and techniques. Some previous knowledge of public financial management and familiarity with financial concepts will be assumed in this course. ------------------------------------------------- ...
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...CHAPTER 2 THE CHANGING LEGAL EMPHASIS: COMPLIANCE AND IMPACT ON CANADIAN WORKPLACES LEARNING OUTCOMES 1. EXPLAIN how employment-related issues are governed in Canada. 2. DISCUSS at least five prohibited grounds for discrimination under human rights legislation and DESCRIBE the requirements for reasonable accommodation. 3. DESCRIBE behaviour that could constitute harassment 4. EXPLAIN the employers’ responsibilities regarding harassment. 5. DESCRIBE the role of minimums established in employment standards legislation and the enforcement process. 6. DISCUSS HR’s role in ensuring compliance with employment legislation in Canada. REQUIRED PROFESSIONAL CAPABILITIES ❖ Identifies and masters legislation and jurisprudence relevant to HR functions ❖ Ensures that the organization’s HR policies and practices align with human rights legislation ❖ Promotes a productive culture in the organization that values diversity, trust, and respect for individuals and their contributions ❖ Assesses requests for HR information in light of corporate policy, freedom of information legislation, evidentiary privileges, and contractual or other releases ❖ Contributes to the development of information security measures issues CHAPTER SUMMARY This chapter focuses on the legal environment in Canada. It discusses the multiple overlapping pieces of legislation that attempt to balance employee and employer rights when it comes...
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...different approaches to ethics, each leading to different conclusion. The word “Ethics” which is coined from the Latin word ‘Ethics’ and Greek word ‘ethikos’ pertains to character. Ethics is thus said to be the science of conduct. As a matter of fact it deals with certain standard of human conduct and morals. The field of ethics involves systematizing, defending and recommending concepts of right and wrong behavior. Ethics is a mass of moral principles or set of values about what is right or wrong, true or false, fair or unfair, proper or improper, what is right is ethical and what is wrong is unethical. MEANING AND DEFINITION OF ETHICS Peter F. Drucker writes- “There is only one ethics, one set of rules of morality, one code that of individual behavior in which the same rules apply to everyone alike.” Philip Wheel Wright says- “Ethics is the branch of philosophy which is the systematic study of selective choice, of the standards of right and wrong and by which it may ultimately be directed.” Swami Vivekananda has set the tone for ethics. He says- “Supreme oneness is the rationale of all ethics and morality. Ethics cannot be derived from the mere sanction to any personage. Some eternal principle of truth has the sanction of ethics. Where is the eternal sanction to be found except in the only infinite reality that exists in you and us and in all, in the self, in the soul.” Discussion on ethics cannot be completed without Swami’s views on ethics. He suggested ethics...
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...permission of the author or publisher. Correspondence related to the syllabus should be addressed to: The Pro-Registrar Caribbean Examinations Council Caenwood Centre 37 Arnold Road, Kingston 5, Jamaica, W.I. Telephone: (876) 630-5200 Facsimile Number: (876) 967-4972 E-mail address: cxcwzo@cxc.org Website: www.cxc.org Copyright © 2008, by Caribbean Examinations Council The Garrison, St Michael BB14038, Barbados CXC 30/G/SYLL 08 Contents RATIONALE .............................................................................................................................................. AIMS ...................................................................................................................................................... 1 2 2 2 3 4 5 5 7 7 8 10 12 13 15 16 19 21 23 46 47 ORGANIZATION OF THE SYLLABUS .................................................................................................. SUGGESTED TIME-TABLE ALLOCATION .......................................................................................... FORMAT OF THE EXAMINATIONS ..................................................................................................... CERTIFICATION AND DEFINITION OF PROFILE DIMENSIONS.................................................. HARDWARE AND SOFTWARE REQUIREMENTS............................................................................. NOTES TO TEACHERS...
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... * Introduction to and sources of Company Law (2) * Types of companies – General characteristics (7) * Formation of a company (13) * Capital (19) * Financing of company * Corporate Bodies * General meeting * Control * Annual Corporate Compliance * Director’s liabilities * Restructuring of companies * Liquidation of companies * Continuity * Draft questions exam Introduction to and sources of company law Sources When I start up a business in Belgium, whether I’m Belgian or my foreign company locates a subsidiary here, which legislative rules should I take into account? Which legislation can accurately tell me what to do and what not to do? There are four sources of legislation for Belgian companies: the Belgian Company Code, the Jurisprudence, the Doctrine and the European Directives. The Company Code The Company Code is a legislation code that was adopted by the Belgian Parliament on the 7th of May in 1999, which regroups and restructures the main provisions of Belgian Company Law. For decades, authors and practitioners had been complaining about the complexity of the Belgian Company Law. There were far too many sources to it. What they wanted was one and only one book with all the provisions concerning the Belgian Company Law. So by adopting the Company Code, the legislator didn’t have as main objective to introduce...
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...The Consequences of Mandatory Corporate Sustainability Reporting Ioannis Ioannou London Business School George Serafeim Harvard Business School Abstract We examine the effect of mandatory sustainability reporting on several measures of socially responsible management practices. Using data for 58 countries, we show that after the adoption of mandatory sustainability reporting laws and regulations, the social responsibility of business leaders increases. We also document that both sustainable development and employee training become a higher priority for companies, and that corporate governance improves. Furthermore, we find that companies implement more ethical practices, reduce bribery and corruption, and that managerial credibility increases. These effects are larger for countries with stronger law enforcement and more widespread assurance of sustainability reports. We conclude with thoughts about mandatory sustainability and integrated reporting. Keywords: sustainability reporting, mandatory reporting, corporate social responsibility, integrated reporting Assistant Professor of Strategic and International Management, London Business School, Regent’s Park, NW1 4SA, London, United Kingdom. Email: iioannou@london.edu, Ph: +44 20 7000 8748, Fx: +44 20 7000 7001. Assistant Professor of Business Administration, Harvard Business School, Soldiers’ Field Road, Morgan Hall 381, 02163 Boston, MA, USA. Email:gserafeim@hbs.edu, Ph: +1 617 495 6548, Fx: +1 617 496 7387 (contact...
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...ASSIGNMENT MATERIAL CRITICAL THINKING EXERCISES AND EXERCISES 30, 31 CASES, EXCEL, COLLAB., & INTERNET EXERCISES 52, 55 LEARNING OBJECTIVE LO1: Explain why accounting is essential for decision makers and managers. LO2: Describe the major users and uses of accounting information. LO3: Explain the role of budgets and performance reports in planning and control. LO4: Describe the cost-benefit and behavioral issues involved in designing an accounting system. LO5: Discuss the role accountants play in the company’s value chain functions. LO6: Identify current trends in management accounting. LO7: Explain why ethics and standards of ethical conduct are important to accountants. PROBLEMS A1, B1 28, 29, 33 39, 40, 42 55 A2, B2 32 45 53 41, 43 A1, B1 30, 31, 34, 35, 39, 42, 44, 46 36 54 A3, B3 37, 38 47, 48, 49 51, 52, 55 Copyright ©2014 Pearson Education, Inc., Publishing as Prentice Hall. 1 CHAPTER 1 Managerial Accounting, the Business Organization, and Professional Ethics 1-A1 (10-15 min.) Information is often useful for more than one function, so the following classifications for each activity are not definitive but serve as a starting point for discussion: 1. Scorekeeping. A depreciation schedule is used in preparing financial statements to report the results of activities. 2. Problem solving. Helps a manager assess the impact of a purchase decision. 3. Scorekeeping. Reports on the results of an operation. Could also be attention...
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...Name removed. GM 520- Week 2 Assignment Assignment: Pick an administrative agency of either the Federal or a State government. Find where the current and proposed regulation changes for that agency are located on the internet. (i.e. the Federal Register or the State Administrative Agency website.) Regulations.gov is a good place to begin your research. Pick one proposed regulation change currently under consideration (if you find one which has already closed out, but interests you, you can use that, instead) and write the following regarding it: 1. State the administrative agency which controls the regulation. Explain why this agency and your proposed regulation interests you (briefly). Will this proposed regulation affect you or the business in which you are working? If so, how? Submit a copy of the proposed regulation along with your responses to these five questions. The proposed regulation can be submitted as either a separate Word document (.doc) or Adobe file (.pdf). This means you will submit two attachments to the Week 2 Dropbox: (1) a Word doc with the questions and your answers and (2) a copy of the proposed regulation you used for this assignment. (10 points) 2. Describe the proposal/change. (10 points) 3. Write the public comment which you would submit to this proposal. If the proposed regulation deadline has already passed, write the comment you would have submitted. Explain briefly what you wish to accomplish with your comment. (10 points) 4. Provide the "deadline"...
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...Discussion Paper ESMA’s policy orientations on possible implementing measures under the Market Abuse Regulation 14 November 2013 | ESMA/2013/1649 Date: 14 November 2013 ESMA/2013/1649 Responding to this paper The European Securities and Markets Authority (ESMA) invites comments on all matters in this paper and in particular on the specific questions summarised in Annex 1. Comments are most helpful if they: respond to the question stated; indicate the specific question to which the comment relates; contain a clear rationale; and describe any alternatives ESMA should consider. ESMA will consider all comments received by Monday 27 January 2014. All contributions should be submitted online at www.esma.europa.eu under the heading ‘Your input - Consultations’. Publication of responses All contributions received will be published following the close of the consultation, unless you request otherwise. Please clearly and prominently indicate in your submission any part you do not wish to be publically disclosed. A standard confidentiality statement in an email message will not be treated as a request for non-disclosure. A confidential response may be requested from us in accordance with ESMA’s rules on access to documents. We may consult you if we receive such a request. Any decision we make not to disclose the response is reviewable by ESMA’s Board of Appeal and the European Ombudsman. Data protection Information on data protection can be found at www.esma.europa...
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...MALAYSIAN CODE OF CORPORATE GOVERNANCE The need for a Code was inspired in part by a desire for the private sector to initiate and lead a review and to establish reforms of standards of corporate governance at a micro level. This is based on the belief that in some aspects, self-regulation is preferable and the standards developed by those involved may be more acceptable and thus more enduring. 1.3 The Code essentially aims to set out principles and best practices on structures and processes that companies may use in their operations towards achieving the optimal governance framework. These structures and processes exist at a micro-level which include issues such as the composition of the board, procedures for recruiting new directors, remuneration of directors, the use of board committees, their mandates and their activities. 1.4 The significance of the Code is that it allows for a more constructive and flexible response to raise standards in corporate governance as opposed to the more black and white response engendered by statute or regulation. It is in recognition of the fact that there are aspects of corporate governance where statutory regulation, is necessary and others where self-regulation, complemented by market regulation is more appropriate. 1.5 The impact the Code will have in raising standards of corporate governance can be seen from the experiences of other jurisdictions. To quote the Hampel Committee1, “... it is generally accepted that implementation...
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