...• Key legal rights, duties and responsibilities of a forwarder • Internal and external organisational environment • Forwarder relations to other parties • Warehousing, packaging and packing • Handling of dangerous goods • Cargo clearance procedures at the front office • Documentation and carriage of goods under the various transport modes • Computation of freight rates Course Objectives At the end of the course the trainees must be able to: • Identify the scope of clearing and forwarding, the field environment including rights, duties and responsibilities of a freight forwarder • Outline usage of import, export documents and associated terms in relation to C&F operations aspects of international trade • Appreciate the legal context /implication of various documents used in import-export and their sources • Demonstrate ability to perform consolidations and plan intermodal journeys for containerised and conventional cargo • Demonstrate general knowledge on the handling and classification of dangerous cargo under various transport modes • Appreciate outcomes of international conventions and their application • Identify procedures relating to clearance an forwarding cargo in international trade • Appreciate the essence of warehousing ,packaging and packing of goods • Apply relevant conversion units and formulas in the computation of freight rates • Outline and illustrate the constituents of freight rates under different transport modes • Apply the knowledge in their...
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...Table of Contents COVER PAGE Table of Contents Question 1 3-6 Question 2 7-9 Question 3 10-12 Question 4 13-19 References 20 Question 1 MRP Material Requirements Planning An information system that determines what assemblies must be built and what materials must be procured in order to build a unit of equipment by a certain date. It queries the bill of materials and inventory databases to derive the necessary elements. It’s a software based on production planning and inventory control system used to manage manufacturing processes. Althouh it is not common nowadays, it is possible to conduct MRP by hand as well. The objectives of an MRP system is to simultaneously meet the three objectives. • Ensure material and product availability for production and delivery to customers • Maintain the lowesr possible level of inventory • Plan manufacturing activites, delivery schedules and purchasing activities. Manufacturing organisations, whatever their core business may be, face the same daily challenges, that customers want products to be available in a shorter time than it takes to make them. This means that some level of planning is required. Companies need to control the types and quantities of materials they purchase , plan which products are to be produced and in what quantites and ensure that they are ble to meet current and future customer demand, all at the lowest possible cost. Making a bad decision in any if these areas will make...
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...harbor ← Adequate Depth Of Water within the harbour, the approaches, and the entrance channels to accommodate safely the largest vessels expected to use the harbour, at the same time providing adequate protection from the open sea; ← Minimum Interference from tides and currents or, alternatively, structures and facilities designed to compensate for or overcome disadvantageous tides and currents; ← Freedom from fog and ice, or adaptation, such as ice-breaking technology; ← Bottom Characteristics that provide suitable anchorage for vessels within the harbour; ← Adequate Adjacent Land with physical characteristics permitting appropriate development of port terminals, port-oriented industries, and associated facilities and operations Classification ← According to physical condition or geographical position ◦ Natural or Man-made port ◦ Tidal or Non-tidal port ◦ Sea or River port ◦ Ice or Ice free port ◦ Sandy or Rocky or Muddy bottom port...
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...MARINE GUIDANCE NOTE MGN 107 (M) The Merchant Shipping (Carriage of Cargoes) Regulations 1999 Note to Shipowners, Ship operators, Shipmanagers, Charterers, Masters and Ship’s Officers, Harbour Authorities, Terminal Operators, Shippers, Agents, Cargo Packers, Cargo Consolidators, Hauliers, and Freight Forwarders. This Guidance Note supersedes Merchant Shipping Notice MSN 1708 (M) Summary • This Marine Guidance Note draws attention to the Merchant Shipping (Carriage of Cargoes) Regulations 1999 which replace the Merchant Shipping (Carriage of Cargoes) Regulations 1997 as amended by the Merchant Shipping (Carriage of Cargoes) (Amendment) Regulations 1997. • Key points: The new Regulations introduce additional requirements with respect to the loading and unloading of bulk cargoes, ie. • A loading manual is required to be provided on every ship carrying solid bulk cargoes. • A loading/unloading plan is to be agreed between the Master and the terminal representative before cargo is loaded or discharged. • Cargo operations are to be conducted in accordance with the agreed plan or any subsequent amendment to it agreed to. 3. The new Regulations consolidate the earlier Regulations and implement the amendments to Chapter VI of SOLAS 1974 (Carriage of Cargoes) contained in the IMO Maritime Safety Committee Resolution MSC.47(66). The SOLAS amendments consist of additions to Regulation VI/2.2.2 with regard to cargo information on bulk cargo shipments and...
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...Health, Safety and Wellbeing Comparitive Study Greg Watt 1393319 Contents Executive Summary 3 Introduction 3 Comparison Framework 4 New Zealand 4 United Kingdom 6 Discussions/Conclusion 7 Bibliography 10 Executive Summary Introduction The object of this report will be to deliberate on the New Zealand Health, Safety and Wellbeing(HSW) codes, regulations and best practice. I will look at the minimum requirements and industry standards verses mandatory and statutory requirements. A comparison will be investigated for improvements or modification between the two countries HSW, to see if the needs of an ever expanding offshore petroleum exploration and production division are being me. This comparative study will look at the Health, Safety and Wellbeing for Offshore petroleum operations. I will be making comparisons against Shell New Zealand and BP in the United Kingdom’s standards and regulations from an individual, team, company, industry and National viewpoint. Suggestions made from the high level information gathered in this report will be used to form a comparative overview of the HSW offshore petroleum regulatory framework. All people are entitled to the same level of protection regardless of where in the world they work. To ensure a consistent approach to Health, Safety and Wellbeing I will be looking at all levels to recognise any major gaps. Many advances have been made to the HSW since the 1988 Piper Alpha disaster with the total revamp of the...
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...COMPANY PROFILE CORPORATE OVERVIEW Pepsi co was incorporated in the year 1919 and was re-incorporated in North Carolina in 1986. Pepsi is engaged in beverage and snack food business. PepsiCo is a multinational company and it is most successful consumer product company in the world with annual revenue of $ 20 billion and about 1, 43,000 employees. Some of PepsiCo’s brand names are nearly 100 years old. PepsiCo has achieved a leadership position in each of the two major packaged good business i.e. beverage and snack chips. PepsiCo the conglomerate king of soft drink has its wide range of soft drinks products available in every book & corner of the world. THE INDIAN STORY Pepsi & Co came to India as food processing unit, Punjab during the year 1986-87 head office Pepsi food unit situated in Delhi, employees are more than 2500 people. Pepsi co today is the leader in the cola and orange segments of beverages in India and enjoys leadership in soft drinks in many parts of the country. It focuses on execution excellence, strengthen, bottle network, reach and penetration in rural and semi-urban areas and customer focused marketing areas. PEPSI INDIA FOODS BEVERAGES EMU WOMU NOMU SOMU 1. PEPSI FOODS Pepsi manufacture the food product like LAYS, KURE KURE etc. 2. PEPSI BEVERAGES Pepsi beverages manufacturing the soft drinks with concentrates flavor. PEPSI INDIA MARKETING: Distribute soft...
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...Doing Business in Japan The U.S. Commercial Service provides guidance on doing business in Japan and offers valuable assistance to help U.S. businesses exporting to Japan. Why doing business in Japan? As the world’s fourth-largest buyer of American products, Japan is a market that American companies should not overlook, but approach with a thoughtful strategy. Japan is a technology powerhouse, a “proving ground” for consumer requirements, and stands in the vanguard with respect to the sweeping changes recently seen in developed market demographics. Most U.S. state economic development agencies are also well aware of the important foreign direct investment coming into their communities from Japan. While the reasons U.S. firms engage with Japan are diverse, savvy firms recognize that underestimating the strategic and tactical importance of the Japanese market may disadvantage them not only in Japan, but in the United States and third-country markets as well. Japan is back in the business news headlines in 2013, owing in part to a rising stock market, a sharply lower yen, and stirrings of domestic demand for both personal consumption and capital investment. The new economic policy linked to these developments is known as “Abenomics”-- a three pronged strategy of bold monetary loosening, fiscal stimulus centered on infrastructure spending, and growth-oriented structural reform. While the implications and ultimate success of this strategy in reigniting growth in Japan are far...
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...Major discussions on tariff reductions : KENNEDY ROUND NIXON ROUND Try to reduce the tariff among countries. 1990 : URUGAY ROUND Decision to convert GATT Into a more formal organzation 1995 : creation of WTO = World Trade Organization 125 countries Involved in four new fields : Financial services Telecommunications Shipping Business Services China becomes a member in 2001 Russia becomes a member in 2011 Today 154 countries which report over 97% of world trade Some outsiders : NORTH KOREA WTO : Two groups of countries Faborable to free trade Attracted by protectionism Free trade theory and deregulation * Free trade theory : Countries who think that global production will increase if countries do not interfere directly to affect trade. * Deregulation policy : Removal of government interference Ex : USA air transportation Protectionism and infant-industry policy * Protectionism : Government restrictions on imports that frequently give direct or indirect subsidies to industries to enable them to complete with foreign production * Infant-industry policy : An emerging industry should be guaranteed o large share of the domestic market until it becomes efficient enought to complete against imports. WTO Objectives : - To obtain tariff reductions or tariff elimination Ex : all textiles agreement - To eliminate export subsidies - To ease FDI Ex : China A dispute resolution mechanism = WTO acts as a World...
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...such manner that the principle is legally liable for all acts under agency. An agent function is to bring his principle into contractual relationship with third parties. Under the English law an agency relationship arise when one person, who is called the agent is authorized or considered by law as authorized to represent another person called the Principal in such a way to be able to affect the principal’s legal position. This is the general principle of any agency agreement. However, this situation can be extended by agreement and terms of the appointment can sometimes give the agent rights of lien also the possibility of rights to sell principal’s goods to recover unpaid monies due to the agent. 1. NEED FOR THE STUDY: • In current global scenario shipping plays a vital role in manufacturing of goods, transfer of raw materials, etc., • To identify future infrastructure and other functional facilities required. • To analyze the transformation pattern for each major...
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...terminals • terminal development • operational planning • civil engineering aspects of terminal design. Module B: Certificate in Maritime Logistics Diploma in Shipping Logistics—Jamaica Maritime Institute 1−1 Unit 1: Marine terminals Marine Terminal Operations Unit 1 ...........Activities and expectations Agenda To complete this unit, you will: • Read and study the text in this unit and any assigned passages in the Student Reader. • Apply the information by performing the Activities • Test yourself by doing the Practice Exercises and checking your answers. Resources There is no textbook for this course. All the information you require is in this Study Guide. In addition, your Student Manual lists some books that you may wish to read to expand your knowledge. Learning outcomes When you have completed this unit you will be able to: • • Explain some of the considerations in equipment selection. • Discuss the needs for storage areas. • Discuss safety and emergency response considerations. • 1−2 Describe the role and functions of marine terminals. List the broad categories of studies that are needed in planning a new terminal. Module B: Certificate in Maritime Logistics (Course ML-302.5) Diploma in Shipping Logistics—Jamaica Maritime Institute Unit 1: Marine terminals Marine Terminal Operations Lesson 1...... Introduction to marine terminals Roles The possible roles of a marine...
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...CHAPTER 10 Auditing Revenue and Related Accounts 1 Explain the concept of accounting cycles and their impact on audit approaches, and identify the accounts in the revenue cycle. 2 Discuss the importance of proper revenue recognition and the characteristics of revenuerelated fraud. 3 Describe the major types of fraud and misstatements that have occurred in the revenue accounts. 4 Describe how to use analytical procedures to identify possible misstatements in the revenue cycle. 5 Assess inherent and control risk regarding revenue cycle accounts. 6 Use audit procedures to test the effectiveness of controls in the revenue cycle. 7 Link the auditor’s control risk assessment to the development of substantive tests of accounts in the revenue cycle. 8 Describe the factors that influence the effectiveness and efficiency of audits of account balances. 9 Apply auditing concepts to test revenue. 10 Apply auditing concepts to test accounts receivable. 11 Describe fraud indicators in the revenue cycle and related audit procedures. 12 Evaluate the adequacy of a client’s allowance for doubtful accounts. Th om so n LEARNING OBJECTIVES Le ar ni ng ™ The overriding objective of this textbook is to build a foundation to analyze current professional issues and adapt audit approaches to business and economic complexities. Through studying this chapter, you will be able to: CHAPTER OVERVIEW This chapter illustrates the audit concepts developed in Chapters...
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...Chapter 1 Introduction Internet is changing the way consumers shop and buys goods and services, and has rapidly evolved into a global phenomenon. Many companies have started using the Internet with the aim of cutting marketing costs, thereby reducing the price of their products and services in order to stay ahead in highly competitive markets. Companies also use the Internet to convey, communicate and disseminate information, to sell the product, to take feedback and also to conduct satisfaction surveys with customers. Customers use the Internet not only to buy the product online, but also to compare prices, product features and after sale service facilities they will receive if they purchase the product from a particular store. Many experts are optimistic about the prospect of online business. In addition to the tremendous potential of the E-commerce market, the Internet provides a unique opportunity for companies to more efficiently reach existing and potential customers. Although most of the revenue of online transactions comes from business-to-business commerce, the practitioners of business-to-consumer commerce should not lose confidence. It has been more than a decade since business-to-consumer E-commerce first evolved. Scholars and practitioners of electronic commerce constantly strive to gain an improved insight into consumer behavior in cyberspace. Along with the development of E-retailing, researchers continue to explain E-consumers’ behavior from...
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...G.L.BAJAJ INSTITUTE OF MANAGEMENT AND RESEARCH Approved by AICTE & Affiliated to Uttar Pradesh Technical University, Lucknow Plat no. 2, Knowledge park-III, Greater Noida, Uttar Pradesh A SUMMER TRAINING PROJECT REPORT ON ANALYSIS OF PACKAGING STRATEGIES OF ITC Submitted for partial fulfillment of award of Master of Business Administration (MBA) From Uttar Pradesh Technical University, Lucknow UNDER THE GUIDANCE OF SUBMITTED BY ABHISHEK KUMAR SAXENA ROLL NO.1380170008 Session: 2013-15 ...
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...satisfaction. Although best practices vary from industry to industry and by the products shipped there are a number of best practices that can be applied to most companies. Best practices here are concerned with: • • • • • • • • • Housekeeping Customization Deterioration Special storage facilities Stock location Loss prevention Space optimization Stock reduction Warehouse efficiency 7.1 HOUSEKEEPING When we think of “housekeeping” we tend to think of the common phrase: “A place for everything and everything in its place.” But housekeeping means more than this. Indeed, good housekeeping practices – itemized below, eliminate clutter which is a common cause of accidents, such as slips, trips, and falls, and fires and explosions, reduce the chances of harmful materials entering the body (e.g., dusts, vapors), and improve productivity (the right tools and materials for the job will be easy to find). An orderly workplace will impress all who enter it – employees, visitors, customers, etc., help the company to keep it’s inventory to a minimum (easier to keep an accurate count of inventories), help the company to make the best use of its space, and make the workplace neat, comfortable and pleasant – not a dangerous eyesore. More importantly, good housekeeping improves the company’s image - it reflects a well-run business, which projects product integrity. Cleaning, dusting and mopping Keep work areas, floors and lighting sources clean, dry and in good condition. Keep aisles, exits, entrances...
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...----------------------------------------AUTHORIZED TRANSLATION ------------------------------------------ PRESIDENT OF THE REPUBLIC OF INDONESIA REGULATION OF PRESIDENT OF THE REPUBLIC OF INDONESIA NUMBER : 111 of 2007 CONCERNING AMENDMENT TO REGULATION OF PRESIDENT OF THE REPUBLIC OF INDONESIA NUMBER: 77 of 2007 CONCERNING THE LIST OF BUSINESSES CLOSED AND LIST OF BUSINESSES OPENED WITH RESERVATION IN THE INVESTMENT SECTOR WITH THE MERCY OF THE GOD ALMIGHTY THE PRESIDENT OF THE REPUBLIC OF INDONESIA, Considering: a. That, with the issuance of the Presidential Regulation Number 77 of 2007 concerning the List of Businesses closed and the List of Businesses opened to Investment, constituting the implementation of paragraph (4) of Article 12 and paragraph (1) of Article 13 of the Law Number: 25 of 2007 concerning business Investment, sectors the arrangement opened of closed and with reservation in such Presidential Regulation shall be made clearer in order to prevent -1- any possible misinterpretation from happening; b. that, with respect to point a above, in is necessary Regulation to stipulate an a Presidential to of the 2007 concerning amendment Number 77 Presidential Regulation concerning the List of Businesses Closed and the List of Businesses Opened to Investment; In view of: 1. Paragraph (1) of Article 4 of the Constitution of the Republic of Indonesia of 1945; 2. The Law Number: 25 of 1992 concerning Cooperatives...
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