...Introduction: The Yarra River Catchment covers an over 4000 Kilometres. The water of the Yarra River was clear during the European settlement, but there has been intensive land clearing and ongoing development since the mid 1800’s. As a result of the industrialisation clay particles have appeared. The ecosystem is home to over 240 faunas, including the endangered growling grass frog. Given that over time industrialisation has resulted and therefore the salt from the building products that have been used to construct the buildings may have resulted in affecting the salinity levels. Although with saying this the more rainfall will decrease the salinity levels. Though over the past years there has been little rainfall therefore this means that...
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...Number : 1600730296 | [Title : Human Impact on the Water Quality of the Santa Cruz/San Juan River] | | Table of Contents | Page Number | Site Reports | | Site 1:: Reservoir Road, Santa Cruz, Trinidad | 2 | Site 2:Akal Trace, La Pastora, Santa Cruz, Trinidad | 3 | Site 3:Cantaro Extension Rd, Santa Cruz, Trinidad | 4 | Site 4:Mt Hololo Rd Santa Cruz, Trinidad | 5 | Lab Reports | | Lab 1:Dissolved Oxygen and Biological Oxygen Demand | 7 | Lab 2:Total Suspended Solids | 10 | Lab 3:Total Dissolved Solids | 12 | Lab 4:Macro Invertebrate Fauna | 14 | Final Report | | Problem Statement, Objectives | 17 | Methods of Data Collection | 18 | Literature Review | 19 | Presentation and Analysis of Data | 20 | Discussion of Findings | 22 | Conclusions | 23 | Recommendations | 23 | Bibliography | 24 | Site Number: 1 Date: 28/11/13 Site: Reservoir Road, Santa Cruz, Trinidad (Control site – Furthest Upstream) Objective(s): To investigate a section of the river with little or no human impact to use as a control site. Activities: The class arrived at site 1 around 9:15am. Observations of the riverbed, the water itself, human influences and both flora and fauna were made. Also the temperature, depth, width, turbidity and rate of flow of the water were measured. Water samples for later analysis of total suspended solids,...
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...GUJARAT NATIONAL LAW UNIVERSITY International Relations Water Conflicts in the Middle East Submitted to: Dr. Aruna Kumar Malik Faculty (International Relations) Submitted by: Himanshu Sharma 10A048 (Sem – V) 1|Page GUJARAT NATIONAL LAW UNIVERSITY Acknowledgement I express my gratitude and sincere thanks to Mr. Aruna Kumar Malik, for his support throughout the making of this project. He has provided valuable guidance as and when required without which this project would not have been in this shape. I would like to thank Gujarat National Law University for giving us this opportunity to work on this project, especially the staff at the library for providing excellent research facilities. Lastly, I thank my friends for their support, for their help in the research and for critically going through the project and correcting the mistakes. 2|Page GUJARAT NATIONAL LAW UNIVERSITY TABLE OF CONTENTS Chapter 1: Introduction…….………………………………………………………..4 Chapter 2: Causes of water Conflicts…………..………………………………….5 Chapter 3: Some Major Conflicts in the Middle East……………………………..6 Chapter 4: Remedial Measures…………..……………………………………….11 Chapter 5: Conclusion………………………………………………………..….....13 References..……………………………………………………………14 3|Page GUJARAT NATIONAL LAW UNIVERSITY I. Introduction The Middle-east is a region encompassing Western Asia and all or parts of North Africa, depending on the context in which the term is used. The history of the Middle-east dates far back...
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...Managing Corporate Integrity Yiyang Zheng BUSA 552 Dr. Kerlin May 7th, 2015 INTRODUCTION This paper will review the ethical business practices of Duke Energy in the light of the recent Coal-Ash spill. It will review ethical principles, business considerations, stakeholder impact, and the company’s internal policies related to preventing environmental damage. The thesis of this research essay is that Duke Energy did not only suffer financial loss due to being made to pay a fine for environmental damage, but also the company’s actions negatively affected its reputation and share price. Therefore, companies should carry out ethical practices and risk assessments to best serve the needs of all stakeholders. BACKGROUND INFORMATION In February, 2014, Duke Energy released a high amount of coal ash into the Dan River, Rockingham County, N.C., which violates the Clean Water Act (CWA) (1972). The CWA is a waste-water and pollution reduction programs, setting guidelines and regulatory standards for different industries (EPA). Specifically, The CWA of 1972, amended in 2002, states that “it is the national policy that the discharge of toxic pollutants in toxic amounts be prohibited” (Clean Water Act, SEC. 101.3). Duke Energy was found guilty on nine misdemeanor violations (Smith) and was ordered to pay compensation. As a result, Duke Energy’s leadership agreed to pay $102.2 million for the damages caused, and the CEO confirmed that the company took responsibility...
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...Natural Resources and Energy Paper Domico Curry, Sandy Khanthavong, Jasmin Odion, Gladys Ekwuruibe, Matthew Pew September 3, 2014 SCI256 Peter Miedzinski Natural Resources and Energy Paper The Amazon rain forest is located in Southern America. The bordering countries that surround the Amazon rain forest are Columbia, Ecuador, Peru, Bolivia and Brazil. It is believed that the Amazon rainforest is one of the largest formulated forests and measures at seven million square kilometers (www.brazil.org.za, 2014). Anacondas, Jaguars, spider monkeys, and sloths live in the Amazon forest. Its rainy or dry seasons can make home for many animals. And can either be extreme wet season or hot. There are many ecosystems in the Amazon rain forest, for example one of the major ecosystems in the Amazon Rain forest is the Amazon River. It runs four thousand miles down the Amazon, and is one hundred and twenty miles wide. The Amazon River is home to anacondas and many other life forms species. However the Amazon River is only the second largest river in the world. The Amazon is home to many indigenous tribes and animals. The climate change in the weather is of concern to people, who take a closer look into the fact that, the Amazon River and the forest itself needs to be preserved. It’s of concern to others, because the weather is unpredictable, which does not give its people enough time or resources to prepare for upcoming floods or extreme droughts. That ruins the plants and land...
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...in 1995, improvement of hard and soft infrastructures, which contributes to Vietnam’s economic development,is well underway,and industrialization and urbanization are rapidly progressing. This has caused the gravitation of population towards cities, and the impoverished conditions of rural communities. The citizens are now facing the difficulty created by widening earning differentials between city and rural communities. The serious environmental pollution such as air pollution(CO2,SOx,NOx), waste disposal,and water pollution occurred in urban area. There is a need to work out a countermeasure to this situation, need for the sound economic development of Vietnam. It is necessary to perceive environmental and social effects precisely and to learn from the experience of environmental destruction in the Japanese economy which is described as “noneconomic mindedness of economy inconsiderate of environment” in order to achieve sustainable development. The objective of this paper is to grasp the relationship between industrialization/urbanization and environmental pollution,to examine the appropriate environmental management in Vietnam compared to the Japanese environmental management system. 1. Environmental pollution by industrialization and urbanization in Vietnam 1-1 Present social and economic conditions in Vietnam1) Under the ‘Doi Moi’ policy,economic reform(To introduce a market economy) was...
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...that affects the whole plant. This research paper discusses the definition of environmental crime, a few examples of companies that had committed environmental crime, environmental laws and crime punishment of the companies who had committed these crimes. Definition of Environmental Crime Environmental Crime is very hard to define. Some people say that it is a white collar crime, to others it is not just simply a white collar crime but it can be considered as crime against society. Whit Gibbons (2001) had shown two types of environmental crime in his article. First type is an individual such as an ordinary person dumping waste to the river and the other type is the white-collared type where companies dump harmful contaminants to a water source or the air. The main difference of the two according to Gibbons (2001) is that it is easier to prosecute an individual than a business corporation. The sad part is the business corporations who commit environmental crimes affects the environment more than an individual. He had treated the business corporation offenders as white-collar criminals and as such defined it in the article “crimes are committed by individuals or corporations for financial gain and involve knowledgeable, educated participants who attempt to circumvent the law” The definition of the environmental crime in legal terms is any "willful criminal violation that results in actual and substantial harm to the water, ambient air, soil, or land." There...
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...V: Results and Discussions: After doing research and sifting through all information pertaining to the goals set forth in this paper, the results and discussions explain fully just how the information was received and used to comply with all the goals and reasons for the research paper. The main goal was to explain fully what activated carbon is and that is charcoal that has been heated or otherwise treated to increase its adsorptive power. In the course text, Controlling Environmental Pollution: An Introduction to the Technologies, History, and Ethics: authors P. Aarne Vesilind and Thomas D. DiStefano describe activated carbon adsorption as a method of BOD removal (2006). The authors also go on to describing the process as an added advantage...
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...the main attraction being the Wekiva Springs. The cool crystal clear water of the springs range in depth from just inches to five feet and maintains a 72 degree temperature. Wekiva means "flowing water" in Creek. The spring flows from a small 20 feet deep cavern, which spreads into a deep cave. This area was once populated by the Timucuan Indians. Wekiva is home to an array of wildlife that includes foxes, river otters, white-tailed deers, Florida bear, great blue herons, great egrets, alligators, and a variety of tropical birds. The aquatic preserve is also the winter home of over 325 West Indian manatees, which is a federally protected species ("Wekiva Spring", 2012). This paper will discuss the springs and the associated agriculture, effects of human population on the spring, sustainability, risk and benefits of nonrenewable and renewable resources, and the sustainability and conservation of Wekiva Springs. Identify Associated with Agriculture The associated topic linked with Florida's agricultural life cycle is a resource located in the central part of Florida. According to the State of Florida information it noted (as cited in Florida, 2012), The Wekiva River is part of a large organism that plays a crucial role in the existence of mankind on the local, regional, state, national and global levels. Wekiva River, along with St. Johns River, Blackwater River, and Rock Springs River provide food, water, and life for all trophic levels. The agriculture in Florida...
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...The Philadelphia Water Department, Baxter Water Treatment Plant Anthony Vega, Denise Youmans, Christopher Williams, Stephen Glenn, Darnell Jessie Immaculata University EPM 301 Report Summary The purpose of this assessment is designed to look at the hazard vulnerability and exploitation potential surrounding The Philadelphia Water Department, Baxter Water Treatment Plant located at 9001 State Road in Philadelphia, Pa. The treatment plant must be prepared for every emergency when considering the safety of the community. This assessment is a detailed analysis of the possible catastrophic events that could occur in or near the water treatment plant and an inquisition into the possible contingency plans in the event that a catastrophe occurs. This assessment is designed to identify and assess hazards to which the Baxter Treatment Plant is ill-prepared to respond and strengthen these weak areas. Methods We, as a group, conducted site visits and surveys of the property. A point of contact was established within the Philadelphia Water Department, but the Water Department policies dictate that written approval for a site visit must be approved by higher level management. These policies and the limited amount of time in the accelerated semester did not allow us to complete an internal site visit. As a contingency, we evaluated the site from the exterior. Physical surveillance was conducted allowing us to observe the visible security of the premises. The building is surrounded...
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...Advanced Materials Research Vol. 549 (2012) pp 762-765 Online available since 2012/Jul/09 at www.scientific.net © (2012) Trans Tech Publications, Switzerland doi:10.4028/www.scientific.net/AMR.549.762 Semi-dry desulfurization ash modification and application in autoclaved brick Fu Ying-li1,a, Mu Yan1,b , Zhao Feng-qing1,3,c 1 2 Chemical Department, Hebei University of Sci.＆Tec. , Shijiazhuang 050018 P.R. China Hebei Research Center of Pharmaceutical and Chemical Engineering, Shijiazhuang, P.R. China 3 Hebei Engineering and Research Center of Solid Waste Utilization, Shijiazhuang, P.R. China a dreamslink0809@126.com, btoto8001@gmail.com,czhaofq3366@126.com (corresponding author) Keywords: Semi-dry desulfurization ash, calcium sulfite, modification, autoclaved brick Abstract. The modification of calcium sulfite in semi-dry desulfurization ash was studied. By the combining use of catalyst and oxidant, the content of calcium sulfite in the modified desulfurized ash was greatly reduced. In this way, the calcium oxide and calcium sulfate in the modified desulfurization ash were used to partially replace the lime, gypsum and other materials in the process of autoclaved brick production. The hydration reaction mechanism was discussed. Introduction It is common knowledge that sulfur dioxide is a main cause of acid rain. Removal of SO2 from flue gas emitted in the combustion of fossil fuels has been a worldwide concern since the 1970s [1]. To minimize the negative...
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...Water Control: Flooding Issues in Houston, Texas The purpose of this paper is to analyze and discuss the flooding problems in Houston, Texas. As a part of this analysis, this paper will assess the economical, political, and legal implications of Houston’s flooding. It will also explain the relationship that psychology has to environmental preservation, and will create a solution to the issue at hand. In the process of proposing a conceivable solution, this paper will discuss the economic, political, and legal barriers of the solution, how they can be overcome, and why this solution will be successful. Flooding Issues in Houston, Texas Houston, Texas is home to over two million individuals, and is the fourth largest city within the United States of America. It is located in the Southeastern part of the state of Texas, and sits roughly 50 feet above sea level. Houston is known for its famous nickname of the Bayou City, as it is home to over 2,500 miles of manmade rivers. These manmade rivers (bayous) are the city of Houston’s way of containing and channeling rain water to the ocean. This alternative drainage system was a much needed installation because of the city’s position, as compared to the sea level (Bayou Preservation, 2012). Currently, Houston suffers from severe flooding issues (i.e. flash floods, urban floods, river and bayou floods), and depending upon the area of town, the probability of high and slow moving floodwaters increase. As the city’s population...
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...ASSIGNMENT ON Date of Submission: 06.08.11 INTRODUCTION This report of Country Environmental Analysis (CEA) aims to assess ADB’s future role and operational strategy in the environment sector and will also provide input to the Country Strategy and Action Plan (CSP). This CEA for 2005-2009 outlines the environmental issues that are most significant to the Bangladesh’s economy. It will also provide background information on the environmental constraints, needs and opportunities in Bangladesh. Over the given period of this strategy document, ADB will be working with the Government of Bangladesh (Gob) for the improvement of the environment sector, wherein this report may be a basis for actions and/or intervention. This work focuses on the aspects of understanding the important features of the Bangladesh environment that need to be essentially understood. The purpose of the report is to present the findings of a review done on the environment sector. The review considered the ongoing and past interventions, legal and policy regimes and finally outlined the outstanding issues facing the sector. Objectives of the study It is well established that the process of land use change leads to the alteration of existing environmental conditions of any area. The specific objectives of the study were: 1. To identify the existing land use pattern of the selected area; 2. To explore the prime causes of land use change and its Effects...
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...Water Control: Flooding Issues in Houston, Texas The purpose of this paper is to analyze and discuss the flooding problems in Houston, Texas. As a part of this analysis, this paper will assess the economical, political, and legal implications of Houston’s flooding. It will also explain the relationship that psychology has to environmental preservation, and will create a solution to the issue at hand. In the process of proposing a conceivable solution, this paper will discuss the economic, political, and legal barriers of the solution, how they can be overcome, and why this solution will be successful. Flooding Issues in Houston, Texas Houston, Texas is home to over two million individuals, and is the fourth largest city within the United States of America. It is located in the Southeastern part of the state of Texas, and sits roughly 50 feet above sea level. Houston is known for its famous nickname of the Bayou City, as it is home to over 2,500 miles of manmade rivers. These manmade rivers (bayous) are the city of Houston’s way of containing and channeling rain water to the ocean. This alternative drainage system was a much needed installation because of the city’s position, as compared to the sea level (Bayou Preservation, 2012). Currently, Houston suffers from severe flooding issues (i.e. flash floods, urban floods, river and bayou floods), and depending upon the area of town, the probability of high and slow moving floodwaters increase. As the city’s population...
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...air, land and water quality of the surrounding areas of the mines and continues to affect global environment as a whole. The damaging effects coal burning on the environment causes many premature deaths worldwide. In 1999 World Health Organization reported that deaths caused by fossil fuels emissions caused 3 million premature deaths, about 8000 per day. With modern industrialization the demand for energy is rapidly increasing, and coal being a cheap method continues to be the leading electricity-generating source having a share of 40.6% according to International Energy Agency report released in 2012. China is the main producer of coal having 45.9% of the total coal production share in the world (International Energy Agency, 2012 report, pp 14). Thus it is clear that China would have the biggest impact on the environment due to its large scale coal production. Bian et al in their paper say that the wastes of coal production are dumped in a cone shaped heap and has severe environmental consequences through dust generation, leachate production, self ignition and because of having no vegetation cover (Bian et al, 2008, pp 625). In the past, attention was paid to air pollution caused by emissions in the coal burning process however now more research is done to environmental degradation in terms of land pollution due to improper waste management. When there is no proper disposal of soal mining wastes, they diffuse into the soil and nearby rivers, disrupting the water and land quality...
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