...Architecture Roman Batterberry Arts/100 January 22, 2013 Lisa Turner Architecture The Daniels & Fisher Tower in Denver, Colorado is 5 Elements of Architecture The Daniels & Fisher Tower uses five of the ten elements of architecture to create quite a notable building. These five elements are expressed in the buildings materials, the architect’s use of lines and repetition, how the building balances astatically, and the tower’s scale. Material This tower is constructed on top of a 24 foot thick concrete base. The tower is erected by a steel skeleton and is faced with “blond brick and creamy terra-cotta”. This healthy base and firm skeleton contribute to the firmness of this building. The four faces of the tower have Seth Thomas clocks, all with arms measuring six feet long. There is, finally, a 2.5 ton bell in the top two stories of the tower. Line As with any tower, the majority of the lines draw the audience’s eyes up from the bottom to the top. The majority of the tower’s lines are vertical, with a subtle horizontal contrast from the lines of windows on the faces. Just below the clock, the architect constructed a prominate horizontal line. This horizontal line appears due to an observation deck like platform. This floor only stops the vertical sides of the building for only 2 or 3 stories before another horizontal line. These two parallel horizontal lines create a box-like shape that dramatically stopping the eye’s move upward to draw attention...
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...Building the Burj Khalifa: Main: Chronological order 200 Mechanical, electrical and plumbing: air conditioning (temperature), 300 Safety – (getting everyone out) refuge rooms 300 Elevators– mention of transition from steam to motor and latched systems and electrical brakes and coping with load 100 Spire 100 Maintenance - Broadcast and communications floors, Mechanical Floors Conc: How it has progressed engineering and enabled more (buttress structure). Future plans – The kingdom Tower in Saudi (1km into the sky) Building potential: Space elevator, new arising problems, strength of materials, what that would mean and enable if possible. Throughout history, progression and advancement in technology has fundamentally separated us from our evolutionary antecedents, enabling a life of greater comfort, extravagance and an increased ability to procreate and sustain ourselves. This improvement is especially apparent in the world of architecture and civil engineering, where there has been an unremitting ambition to surpass the existing boundaries, particularly with regards to height. The most renowned early example of a structure where height was key are the Pyramids of Giza where elevation was crucial in order to radiate power and divine authority. The tallest pyramid, standing at 146.5m, was built more than 4500 years ago, and remained the tallest manmade structure for the next 3800 years, until the 1300s when Lincoln Cathedral was built topping it by only 13.5m [1][2]...
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...I love the C.N. Tower. One reason is I am from Toronto, and I have been up it about twenty times, although it is still fun every time. I find it very cool that this famous tower is in the same city as I was born in, also it is amazing that I can go so high and see so far across my home town. Almost all of my families have been up the tower, and I find that cool because I can talk about it with them when I see them. Every time I go back to Toronto, I always have the C.N. Tower in mind. Every time I fly into Toronto and I can see what was once the world’s tallest tower, looming over the clouds, on top of the world, like it is welcoming me back, that makes me feel at home. And the day when I get to go up the tower is a remarkable experience....
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...The main reason The Burj Dubai tower works and allows its occupants to be comfortable lies in its structural design to deal with the main problems such as the wind load, the physical strength of the building and of course the elevator design needed for such a large structure. The Burj Dubai, situated in Dubai, will soon be the tallest building in the world, bypassing the previous record holder, the Taipei 101 by almost 290 metres giving it an astonishing 800 metre height. With over 2700 feet, designing and constructing such a vast building has given significant challenges to engineers and designers alike. Since the building can hold up to 35,000 people at once, it is essential that it is strong, comfortable and able to move people up and down it at a steady rate. This essay will explore how the designers and engineers went about solving these issues. One of the key problems the engineers had to overcome was effect of the wind load and how it would affect the building motions due to the extraordinary height of the tower. Wind load is something that must be taken into account for all buildings, but obviously the wind velocity increases the higher you go and since the structure is over 800 metres tall, there is guaranteed to be a large wind force acting on the building. Three different engineering firms: Skidmore, Owings and Merrill who were all working on the project, hired the RWDI (Rowan Williams Davies & Irwin Inc.) a wind and environmental engineering firm to conduct wind studies...
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...Seven Wonders of 21st Century Architecture You may not be able to name them all, but most people have at least heard of the 7 Wonders of the Ancient World. Here’s a list with links: Great Pyramid of Giza, Hanging Gardens of Babylon, Temple of Artemis, Statue of Zeus at Olympia, Mausoleum of Halicarnassus, Colossus of Rhodes, and the Lighthouse of Alexandria . Of the seven, only the Pyramid remains, the rest we know of only through historic documents.[1] There have been other “7 Wonders” lists and in 2007, the Swiss government sponsored a project to create a new list, with selections made by popular vote. Over 100 million votes were cast, and the new 7 Wonders were announced as follows: Chichen Itza (the Yucatan, Mexico pyramid), Christ the Redeemer (Brazil’s enormous statue of Jesus), Colosseum (Rome’s arena of Gladiators),Great Wall of China (you can see it from space!),Machu Picchu (ancient city built on an unbelievably high mountain top in Peru),Petra (Jordan’s city cut directly into the side of a stone mountain ),and the Taj Mahal (India’s majestic temple/mausoleum).[2] But my final Cyber Journey of the semester started not as a stroll through history, but as a trip into the future of arts and Architecture with a look at another “7 Wonders” list – The 7 New Wonders of the 21st Century [3], as selected by Architecture, an online review published by the website Quazen. With no further ado, here are the 7: * Millau Viaduct http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Millau_Viaduct ...
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...THE CN TOWER 1. Relevant Info Complete name: Canadian National Tower Location: 301 Front Street West – Downtown Toronto Height: 553,33 mts = 1,815 Feet 2. History In the 70’s the building bloom in Toronto was been placed; however, people were experiencing problems with TV signal, since buildings weren’t tall enough to capture signal in their best. Therefore, the idea of creating a really high building that would solve communications problems and being a entertainment center at the same time for locals and foreigners. It was built by Canadian National Railway. The construction started on February 6th, 1973 and it was completed in February 22nd, 1974. It opened to public on June 26, 1976 3. Importance Nowadays, the CN Tower has become of one the world’s heights buildings in the world. It used to be the highest 30 years ago. Also, it is one of Canada’s classic symbols and Toronto’s greatest attraction. CFNY, CHUM, CHFI, CKFM, Q107, CHIN, CJRT, CJEZ, CBC radio and City TV, CFTO-TV, TVO, CBLT, CFMT, Global, CBLFT, and CICA all use the Tower's superior transmission capabilities. Also, UHF, VHF and television equipment broadcast by the transmission area located on the Tower. As a tourism attraction, the CN Tower is visited by 2 millions visitor each year. Some of the most visited areas are: * The revolving 360 Restaurant: it rotates once every 72 minutes. * Glass Floor * Sky Pod * 06 elevators The CN tower Toronto is open daily from...
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...Paraphrasing What is Paraphrasing? 1 Text Plagiarism Video # 1. Text Plagiarism Video #2. 2 Paraphrase Paraphrase: A paraphrase is an important part of writing a paper. Simply put the paraphrase is when you read another authors work and put it into your own words. It is also considered paraphrasing when you use statistics and research from another source. This is the most common citation in a paper. Proper paraphrasing is an art. This does not mean changing a few words around. It means taking the authors ideas, summarizing them into your own words and then using them. Of course you must cite every paraphrase with an in line citation. Paraphrases are mostly used to summarize paragraphs and main themes. Paraphrases are also used to cite statistics and other information. YOU DO NOT USE QUOTATION MARKS WHEN PARAPHRASING. Remember 3 Examples of Paraphrasing Here is a sample paraphrase: Paraphrase: How much higher skyscrapers of the future will rise than worlds tallest building, the Sears Tower, is unknown. The design of one twice as tall is already on the boards, and an architect, Robert Sobel, thinks we currently have sufficient know-how to build a skyscraper with over 500 stories (Bachman 15). Note the following. The writer never uses the exact words of the author therefore there is no need to use quotation marks. The writer summarizes, uses his or her own words and then cites the source at the end. Sometimes a paraphrase will be large and must be broken up. A good rule...
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...of all authors * Abstract with no more that 250 words that describes the main objectives and why the article is important * Conclusion with comments that offer rationale for the article and what it adds to the literature * Double spaced manuscript and numbered pages that are consecutive * Tables and figures must be cited in text * The length should be 2500-3000 words, plus tables and figures * Images must be saved as individual files * Provide all authors and highest academic degree and affiliations Abstract The Institute of Medicine (IOM) has recognized that survivorship care within the cancer population has been lacking, resulting in patients being lost in follow up care and afraid of what to expect next in life after cancer treatment. In response to this issue the IOM has recommended that every cancer survivor completing cancer treatment to include surgery, chemotherapy and...
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...A cancer diagnosis at any age can be devastating and scary, but when it is a child that is diagnosed the devastation is even more profound. The diagnosis is not just a diagnosis for the child; it is a diagnosis for the entire family. It will uniquely affect each member at the time of diagnosis, during the course of treatment, and during the survivorship phase and will have a direct effect on how they cope. Treatment for a childhood cancer can be much longer than that of an adult treatment plan and the lengthy road can take its toll on everyone. Often times the focus remains on the patient alone and the parents and siblings become casualties of the disease process. The diagnosis and treatment of children and adolescent with cancer has tremendous and lasting effects on an entire family. Overview of Pediatric Cancer Cancers of any kind during childhood are rare. Childhood cancer accounts for less than two percent of all cancers diagnosed each year. About 150 to 160 per 1,000,000 children or around 12,000 children in total will be diagnosed in any given year (Abrams & Kurtz, 2011). The most common form of pediatric cancer is leukemia and more specifically acute lymphocytic leukemia (ALL) and central nervous system (CNS) tumors. Other tumor types include germ cell tumor, Hodgkin’s lymphoma, non-Hodgkin’s lymphoma, neuroblastoma, acute myeloid leukemia, Wilms tumor, osteosarcoma, rhabdomyosarcoma, thyroid carcinoma, melanoma, retinoblastoma and Ewing’s sarcoma (Abrams, et al. 2011)...
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...Radiation therapy plays a large role in the treatment of melanoma cancers as well as many other types of cancers found in the body. Cancer is the abnormal growth of a cell with mutated DNA. This abnormal growth rate can cause cancerous or benign tumors and they are treated based on where they originate. Melanoma originates on the skin so when caught at an early stage it is easier to treat with surgical removal and low dose radiation. Radiation can be used to shrink a tumor before surgery or to damage the cancerous tumor and tissue surrounding to cause it to die. Radiation therapy has proven to be an important role in treating the different types of melanoma. The various types of therapies allow a patient to get a more specific dose and treatment...
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...CNS Cancer or Brain Tumor A brain tumor is a mass of abnormal cells that is growing in or around the brain. It develops when abnormal cells multiply for unknown reasons. Benign and malignant are terms used to describe brain tumors. Benign brain tumors are usually slow growing and have distinct borders and a normal appearance under a microscope. Malignant tumors are considered brain cancer. They tend to invade healthy areas of the brain and may grow rapidly. A benign tumor may be considered malignant if it is located in a critical area of the brain or its size is life-threatening. Primary brain tumors start within the brain. Secondary or metastatic brain tumors come from cells which have broken away from cancers within the body and traveled to the brain. Metastatic brain tumors are always considered malignant since they evolve from cancerous cells and grow rapidly. I. Anatomy Review * The brain and spinal cord together are known as the Central Nervous System. * The adult brain weighs about three pounds, and is tightly enclosed by the skull. * It is a complex organ composed of nerve cells (neurons) and supporting tissues (glia). * The brain has four main parts: the meninges which are the membranes that enclose the brain, the cerebrum which is the largest part of the brain and is split into two hemispheres, the cerebellum which is the back part of the brain, located under the cerebral hemispheres, and the brain stem which connects to the spinal cord. ...
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...Vemurafenib: A Potentially New Standard of Care? Vemurafenib: A Potentially New Standard of Care? Melanoma is the most deadly form of skin cancer. Advanced metastatic melanoma, stage III or IV, has been incurable and relatively untreatable with “less than 10% of patients responding to traditional chemotherapy” regimens (PubMed Health, 2011). Progress in this area of oncology research has been very slow with the “average prognosis for patients with stage IV metastatic melanoma being 8-18 months” (Chapman., 2011). Proven research shows that the standard chemotherapy regimens don’t actually extend the lives of these patients. The standard first line treatment for late stage metastatic melanoma is dacarbazine (DTIC), used either alone as a single agent or in combination with other chemotherapy agents, and the effects have been minimal. The dacarbazine regimen usually shrinks the tumors for a temporary period, “about 3-6 months,” and then they begin to grow again. (Melanoma Skin Cancer, 2011). Recent research in the past five years has led to some targeted immunotherapy drugs like ipilimumab and peginterferon alpha-2b which have shown some promising results in helping to extend life expectancies for these patients. On August 17, 2011 the Food and Drug Administration gave some much needed hope to these patients with the approval of vemurafenib (Zelboraf). An orally administered targeted chemotherapy agent that has shown statistically significant results in “reducing the...
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...Introduction Finding a cure for cancer has been an elusive decades long treasure hunt. Within the last twenty years or so; Patrick Quillin, PhD, RD, CNS, author of Beating Cancer with Nutrition, and other research has shed new light on diet playing a role in the prevention and potential reversal of cancer. Nutrition and diet play a substantial role in the development and preservation of the human immune system and overall health of the human body on the cellular level. However, the correlation between diet and cancer is unclear despite research being conducted in the field of nutritional oncology. Though significant progress has been realized in the treatment of cancers through modern technological advances in medicine, prevention and mitigation of cancer lay within nutrition, more specifically a natural diet consisting of fruits and vegetables, which contain antioxidants and phytonutrients. Background Cancer is a collective term describing uninhibited cell propagation in various parts of the human body [1]. This process is called carcinogenesis (literally means “cancer creation”). Once propagated, the cancer can spread and cause death in a timely manner. Cancer occurs via mutations in the genetic code that can occur in a variety of cells in the human body. Mutations of this sort are believed to be the result of oxidative stress. In the human body oxidative stress occurs when there is a disparity between free radicals and antioxidants, thus compromising the body’s ability...
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...Summary Magnetic nanoparticles have allowed for many breakthroughs in cancer therapy. They are currently being implemented with cancer diagnostics, which allows healthcare professionals to image where cancerous areas reside in the body. For example, magnetic nanoparticle have been utilized in conjunction with MRI scans to greatly increase the image contrast, leading to the detection of small and otherwise undetectable prostate cancer metastases. Additionally, nanoparticles are being used as a physical means of destroying tumorous tissue by the use of Magnetic Nanoparticle Hyperthermia. This technology uses the power of magnets to oscillate iron oxide magnetic nanoparticles to create heat in the form of kinetic energy and has shown to drastically reduce the size of brain tumors when compared to patients who have no treatment at all. Beyond their use as diagnostics and physical tools to destroy cancerous tumors, magnetic nanoparticles are also used as a delivery agent for gene therapy. For example, magnetic nanoparticles have shown to increase the half life of the various biological matter such as DNA and RNA so that it can reach the intended target before the body’s immune response destroys the magnetic gene delivery system. In the future, research will be focused on pharmacokinetics of the nanoparticles, ensuring the nanoparticles can stay in the body for longer periods of time and that the body reacts in a positive manner to the magnetic nanoparticles. Introduction ...
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...("Types of Cancer: Lymphoma"). Its job is to fight infections and diseases. In the lymph system it carries lymph which is colorless fluid containing lymphocytes that are white blood cells. The main job of a lymphocyte is to fight of germs in the body. Two main lymphocytes are B-lymphocytes and T-lymphocytes. B-lymphocytes also called B-cells make antibodies to fight off bacteria and T-lymphocytes kill viruses, foreign cells and triggers B-cells to make antibodies ("Types of Cancer: Lymphoma"). In different areas of the lymph systems there are lymph nodes through out the body. “Lymph nodes are found in clusters in the abdomen, groin, pelvis, underarms, and neck. Other parts of the lymph system include the spleen which makes lymphocytes and filters blood, the thymus an organ under the breast bone and the tonsils which are located in the throat” ("Types of Cancer: Lymphoma"). There are two types of lymphoma Hodgkin and Non Hodgkin. They both have different types and it is important to know which you have so the treatment is affective. Hodgkin is a blood cancer but may appear as a solid tumor in the glands, most common in teenagers and young adults. According how the cells look under a microscope is how they are identified ("Leukaemia & Lymphoma Research"). Most patients will be diagnosed with classical Hodgkin lymphoma the remaining will have nodular lymphocyte predominant Hodgkin lymphoma. “To distinguish it from other types of lymphoma by the type of cancer cells form...
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