...Cardiovascular Morbidity and Mortality in Surgically Treated Hyperthyroidism A Nation-wide Cohort Study With a Long-term Follow-up Essi Ryödi, Jorma Salmi, Pia Jaatinen, Heini Huhtala, Rauni Saaristo, Matti Välimäki, Anssi Auvinen, Saara Metso Clin Endocrinol. 2014;80(5):743-750. Abstract and Introduction Abstract Objective Previous studies suggest that patients with hyperthyroidism remain at an increased risk of cardiovascular morbidity even after restoring euthyroidism. The mechanisms of the increased risk and its dependency on the different treatment modalities of hyperthyroidism remain unclear. The aim of this long-term follow-up study was to compare the rate of hospitalizations for cardiovascular causes and the mortality in hyperthyroid patients treated surgically with an ageand gender-matched reference population. Patients and Measurements A population-based cohort study was conducted among 4334 hyperthyroid patients (median age 46 years) treated with thyroidectomy in 1986–2007 in Finland and among 12 991 reference subjects. Firstly, the hospitalizations due to cardiovascular diseases (CVD) were analysed until thyroidectomy. Secondly, the hazard ratios for any new hospitalization due to CVDs after the thyroidectomy were calculated in Cox regression analysis adjusted with the prevalent CVDs at the time of thyroidectomy. Results The risk of hospitalization due to all CVDs started to increase already 5 years before the thyroidectomy, and by the time of the operation...
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...Advertisement Email Share Get Permissions Get Citation Figures Slideset (.ppt) PDF Reviews | 17 December 2013 Vitamin and Mineral Supplements in the Primary Prevention of Cardiovascular Disease and Cancer: An Updated Systematic Evidence Review for the U.S. Preventive Services Task Force FREE Stephen P. Fortmann, MD; Brittany U. Burda, MPH; Caitlyn A. Senger, MPH; Jennifer S. Lin, MD, MCR; and Evelyn P. Whitlock, MD, MPH [+] Article and Author Information See Also: Published Letter: Padayatty et al Published Letter: Dror et al Published Letter: Hemilä Published Letter: Bolland et al Published Letter: Fortmann et al Oral High-Dose Multivitamins and Minerals After Myocardial Infarction: A Randomized Trial Long-Term Multivitamin Supplementation and Cognitive Function in Men: A Randomized Trial Enough Is Enough: Stop Wasting Money on Vitamin and Mineral Supplements Ann Intern Med. 2013;159(12):824-834. doi:10.7326/0003-4819-159-12-20131217000729 Text Size: A Related Articles Filter By Topic > Vitamin, Mineral, and Multivitamin Supplements for the Primary Prevention of Cardiovascular Disease and Cancer: U.S. Preventive Services Task Force Recommendation Statement Ann Intern Med. 2014;160(8):558-564. Routine Vitamin Supplementation To Prevent Cancer and Cardiovascular Disease: Recommendations and Rationale Ann Intern Med. 2003;139(1):51-55. CME [+] View More A A This article was published online first at www.annals.org on 12 November 2013. Article Figures...
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...period. In this study, the participants were 70 postmenopausal women that had a BMI greater than 27. They were randomly selected and everyone apart from the dietitians didn’t know they diet that each participant was assigned to (Paleo diet or a diet following dietary guidelines). Participants were given recipes and instructions to take home. During the first six months, there were four cooking classes and four follow up sessions offered (Mellberg et al. 2014). At the beginning of the study, anthropometric measurements were taken and then later taken at 6, 12, 18, and 24 months. These measurements included abdominal diameter, body composition, blood pressure, glucose levels, and energy expenditure. Participants were asked to keep a food record for four days (which included 3 weekdays and 1 weekend day). The...
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...A & P 182 READING REPORT NAME: TITLE OF ARTICLE: Increased cardiovascular disease mortality associated with excessive exercise in heart attack survivors. AUTHOR: Williams, Paul T; Thompson, Paul D NAME OF JOURNAL: Mayo Clinic Proceedings DATE OF JOURNAL: 2014-09-12 PAGES: 1187 TO 1194 Both exercise as well as physical activity has been said to decrease the risk of sudden cardiac death and acute myocardial infractions. However, the question of whether excessive exercise can increase Cardiovascular disease mortality has yet to be answered. We know that endurance training actually causes the cardiovascular system to adapt as to increase exercise capacity. These Adaptations include the enlargement of the 4 heart chambers, as well changes in the thickness of the left ventricular wall. Using the National Walkers' and Runners' Health studies the Mayo clinic took a look at the relationship between exercise energy and Cardiovascular disease (CVD) as it related to mortality in heart attack survivors. They used a baseline survey questionnaire to be sure that all of their subjects were identified as having previous heart attacks. This gave the Mayo Clinic a total of 942 male subjects and 631 female subjects from the National Walkers Health studies. The Mayo clinic also had 678 males and 128 females from the National Runners Health Studies. Using the questionnaires given to each of these subject the Mayo clinic then found the walkers energy expenditures by using MET h/d however...
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...family of large organic compounds involved in many important biological processes. Following their enzymatic hydrolysis during food processing or digestion, proteins may release fragments from their primary amino acid sequence. These fragments are called peptides, and many of them are known to be physiologically active. The possible beneficial effects of bioactive peptides have attracted increasing interest in recent years. On the other hand, there are also reports suggesting that some food-derived peptides might adversely affect human health. Among these, β-casomorphin-7 (BCM7), a peptide sequence present in the milk protein β-casein, has been suggested to contribute to an increased risk for certain non-communicable diseases, such as autism, cardiovascular diseases and type I diabetes. Some literature reports have proposed possible mechanistic explanations for such associations Recognising the alleged negative effect of BCM7 on human health, EFSA deemed it necessary to perform a comprehensive review of the published scientific literature in...
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...burden of diabetes is due to its chronic complications leading to increased morbidity and mortality. The unique combination of various risk factors necessitates research studies to make appropriate risk assessment tools to control this diabetes pandemic. Better understanding of aetio-pathological genetic and environmental factors are suggesting prevention should begin much before the start of disease process and interventions in high-risk subjects alone will not be sufficient. It is necessary to initiate population based programmes for primary prevention of diabetes including a range of activities targeted at different age groups from fetal life to old age. Synchronized and coordinated efforts from public and private sectors are needed to combat this mammoth health and economic issue. Key words: Diabetes, Pakistan, Introduction: Escalation in rates of diabetes, especially type 2 diabetes in Pakistan is posing threats to the economy and quality of life of people due to poor glycemic control and very high rates of complications (1-6). Cost of care is estimated to be very high. Resource constraints society, lack of medical reimbursement and insufficient allocation of health budget are barriers to quality care. Most often the patient is unable to afford the high cost of treatment (7-9). This review was conducted to study research evidence...
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...Carbonated Beverages among High School Students Chapter One Introduction of the Study Chapter one is divided into five parts: (1) Background and Theoretical Framework of the Study, (2) Statement of the Problem and Hypothesis, (3) Significance of the Study, (4) Definition of Terms, and (5) Delimitation of the Study. Part One, Background and Theoretical Framework of the Study, presents the rationale and the reasons why the study is being conducted. Likewise, it describes the theoretical basis of the study as well as the conceptual framework. Part Two, Statement of the Problem and Hypothesis, describes the general goal of the study and the specific questions to be answered in the study with corresponding hypothesis to be tested. Part Three, Significance of the Study, enumerates the different beneficiaries and corresponding benefits that they can derive from the results of the study. Part Four, Definition of Terms, lists alphabetically technical terms used in this study. These terms are defined conceptually and operationally. Part Five, Delimitation of the Study, identifies the scopes and limitations encountered during the conduct of the study. It identifies the variables, the subjects, research designs and statistical analysis procedures used in the study. Likewise, it specifies the location and time of the conduct of the study. Background and Theoretical Framework of the Study Soft drinks and sodas could damage a person. Every person must remember and...
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