...Electrochemical Cells Objective: The purpose of this lab is to construct various electrochemical cells and to measure to voltage generated. Observations: Part 1 | Voltage | Anode | Cathode | Zn vs. Ag | 1.370 | Zn | Ag | Zn vs. Cu | .983 | Zn | Cu | Zn vs. Fe | .525 | Zn | Fe | Zn vs. Mg | .617 | Mg | Zn | Zn vs. Pb | .470 | Zn | Pb | Anode | Cathode | Equation | Predicted V (E0) | Measured V (E0 Zn) | E0Zn - E0 | Fe | Ag | Fe + 2Ag+ ↔ Fe2+ + 2Ag | 2.04 | 1.7 | 0.34 | Fe | Pb | Fe + Pb2+ ↔ Fe2+ + Pb | .31 | .41 | 0.10 | Mg | Ag | Mg + 2Ag+ ↔ Mg2+ + 2Ag | 3.97 | 3.35 | 0.62 | Mg | Zn | Mg + Zn2+ ↔ Mg2+ + Zn | 1.61 | 1.68 | 0.07 | Mg | Pb | Mg + Pb2+ ↔ Mg2+ + Pb | 2.24 | 2.4 | 0.16 | Mg | Cu | Mg + Cu2+ ↔ Mg2+ + Cu | 2.71 | 2.95 | 0.24 | Part 2 | Voltage | Anode | Cathode | Zn (s)|Zn2+ (1.0 M) || Cu2+ (0.0010 M)|Cu(s) | 0.909 | Zn | Cu | Equation for Cell Reaction | Predicted V | Measured V | Zn(s) + Cu2+(aq) ↔ Zn2+(aq) + Cu(s) | 1.19 | 0.909 | E = 1.1 V – (0.0592 V) / (2 mol) log (1.0 * 0.001) E = 1.1 + .0888 E = 1.19 V Part 3 | Voltage | Anode | Cathode | Zn (s)|Zn2+ (1.0 M) || Ag+ (unknown M)|Ag(s) | 1.743 | Zn | Ag | Equation for Cell Reaction | Calc [Ag+] | Calc Ksp AgCl | Ksp AgCl | Zn(s) + 2Ag+(aq) ↔ 2Ag(s) + Zn2+(aq) | 8.11 x 10-4 | 6.57 x 10-7 | 1.6 X 10-10 | E = E0 – (0.0592)/n log (Q) 1.743 V = 1.56 V – (0.0592 V) / (2 mol) log ([Zn][Ag+]2) (0.0592 V) / (2 mol) log ([Zn ][Ag+]2) = 1.56 V - 1.743...
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...Class – X Time: 3 Hr. http://jsuniltutorial.weebly.com/ (Questions number 1 to 4 carry one mark each) M.M: 55marks 1. In the reefing of silver, the recovery of silver from silver nitrate solution involved displacement by copper metal. Write the reaction involved. 2. The electrolysis of an aqueous solution of sodium chloride gives us three products. Name them. 3. What name given to the heat energy obtained from hot rocks inside the earth? 4. What happens to the resistance as the conductor is made thinner? (Questions number 5 to 13 carry two marks each) http://jsuniltutorial.weebly.com/ 5. How is the sodium metal extracted? Explain with the help of equation of the reaction involved. 6. How does baking powder differ from baking soda? 7. A colorless lead salt, when heated produce a yellow residue and brown fumes. Identify the yellow residue and brown fumes. 8. Why does color of copper sulphate solution change when iron nails kept immersed in it? 9. “Structure of small intestine is suited to its function”. Justify. 10. What is the difference between a thermal power plant and a hydropower plant? 11. An electric heater draws a current of 10A from a 220V supply. What is cost of using the heater for everyday for 30 days if the cost of one unit is Rs. 5.20? 12. Explain why, a copper wire cannot be used as a fuse wire? 13. (a)State and explain Joule’s law of heating. (b)Explain why argon and nitrogen is filled in an electric bulb? http://jsuniltutorial.weebly.com/ (Questions number...
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...Jewelry in general 1. What qualities or aspects do you look for when you shop for jewelry? 2. Does the capability of customized jewelry appeal to you? If so, what specific features would you customize? If not, explain. 3. Do you value handmade jewelry over the machine manufactured? 4. What qualities of a jewelry are the most important to you? (metal - precious vs. non-precious, stones, design, etc.) 5. If you like the design and look of a piece of jewelry how much value do you place on the fact that it is a precious metal or non-precious metal? 6. Would you buy jewelry made out of non-precious metal if you knew that the look and properties of that metal are far superior than the ones of a precious metal? Choice of metal 1. If you like the design and look of a piece of jewelry how much value do you place on the fact that it is a precious metal or non-precious metal? 2. Would you buy jewelry made out of non-precious metal if you knew that the look and properties of that metal are far superior than the ones of a precious metal? Price 1. What is the most expensive piece of accessory you own besides your wedding band/ring? 2. What is the price range of the jewelry that you wear for the everyday use? For special events/occasions? 3. As college students, disposable income is limited. If your disposable income was higher would you be inclined to purchase more expensive jewelry? 4. Would you justify paying higher price for the piece of jewelry that is handmade over the one that was...
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...Flame Test Colors Li+ Deep red (crimson) Na+ Yellow K+ Violet Ca2+ Orange-red Sr2+ Red Ba2+ Green Cu2+ Blue-green Aqueous Ion Colors Cu1+ Green Cu2+ Blue Fe Yellow to red-orange (depending on anion and charge of Fe); in rare cases, can form complex ion with a deep blue color Fe2+ yellow-green (depending on the anion) Fe3+ orange-red (depending on the anion) Co2+ Pink Cr3+ Violet (Cr(NO3)3 to Green (CrCl3) Ni2+ Green Mn2+ Pink Pb3+ blue-green (Pb2+ and Pb4+ are colorless) V2+ violet V3+ blue-green MnO4- Purple (Mn w/ +7 oxidation state is purple) CrO42- Yellow Cr2O72- Orange Cu(NH3)42+ ...
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...The following is a summary of the video “Gilbane Gold,” which is a fictional case study in ethics. The video is presented by the National Society of Professional Engineers (NSPE). Z-Corp is an electronics manufacturing company in the heart of a farming town known as Gilbane. Several years previous, Gilbane had attracted Z-Corp to town by offering significant tax breaks, knowing that Z corporation would provide many jobs and boost the local economy. At the time, Z-Corp informed Gilbane that part of its manufacturing process involved the use of the heavy metals lead and arsenic, and that it would be discharging a certain amount of these into the sewer system. Gilbane was concerned about this discharge, because the town processes sewer sludge into a very profitable fertilizer product known as Gilbane Gold. The town council decided that a small amount of lead and arsenic would be tolerable, but to be safe, they put severe limits on the concentration of metals that Z-Corp would be allowed to discharge. The limits that the town council set were ten times smaller than those allowed by federal law, but Z-Corp agreed to abide by them. David Jackson is an environmental engineer at Z-Corp. He suspects that for the last few months, the company has been discharging more lead and arsenic than the law allows. The city is testing the waste water, but Jackson knows that their test is not very sensitive, and therefore they are probably not aware of the potential violation. Apparently...
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...Box necklace chain: A common type of necklace used both in silver necklace and gold necklace. The appearance of a box necklace chain is square. Each link looks like a little box or square which is interconnected with the next. The Venetian chain is another name used for this type of necklace chain. Cable necklace chain: The typical necklace chain, composed of round same-size rings, each linked to the next. Rolo necklace chain: A type of necklace chain commonly used in jewelry, either in silver necklace or gold necklace. Rolo necklace chain features uniform, round links. This type of necklace chain is very similar to a cable chain, but designed to lay flatter. Curb necklace chain: Another type of necklace chain usually used for silver necklace, as well as gold necklce. Curb necklace chain has oval-shaped links twisted and it is often diamond-cut to lie flat Figaro necklace chain: A style of necklace chain with alternating rectangular and circular links, typically one long rectangle followed by three smaller round links. Byzantine chain: A type of silver necklace (or gold necklce) that looks like a random mess of interwoven metal at the first glance, however, much thought goes into the construction. Byzantine necklace chain is actually an intricate neck chain design where two pairs of oval-shaped links are linked together and then parted by a third, larger, thicker link attached to each pair. Wheat necklace chain: A necklace chain constructed of ovals that have been...
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...[pic] Phuli (Nose Pin):- This is also old traditional nose jewellery. These nose jewelleries are made in different styles. Here we have three popular types- the stud, the nose ring and the septum. The nose stud which is called ‘phuli’ means little flower is worn on the left side of the nose and it can be simply a dot of gold or a small diamond. [pic] Tilahari:- This is also an old traditional Nepali ornament which is worn by married Hindu women. This is worn with different colorful beads. It is also a symbol of a married woman and it is said this ornament will bring good luck and prolong their husband’s life. It’s a very important ornament for a Nepali wedding ceremony. [pic] Suduk:- It is an old traditional ornament made of gold and silver. This large amulet is called ‘Gou’. This piece of sacred jewellery may contain blessed items, relic mantras or sacred texts inside its hollow parts. This kind of jewellery is basically worn by Sherpa and other Buddhists for protection from evil powers. It is also decorated by precious stones. [pic] Bulaki:- This gold nose ornament which hangs below a hole pierced through the septum is known as ‘Bulaki’. Usually it consists of ring with a pendant. The pendent hangs below the nose until the lower lip. Some ethnic group place the ‘Bulaki’ into the woman’s mouth after she dies and it is believed that the process helps get the soul salvation. [pic] Tayo:- This is a ceremonial Nepali ornament which is called Tayo. This is especially used by...
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...changes have aroused within younger generation. In today’s society, everything relies on technology and electronics, that it has now become a necessity rather than a recreational leisure item. With electronic devices or products, we only see the physical part of electronics but there are many chemicals, substances, and numerous parts within a simple device that are severely dangerous if consumed by any living organism. Many of the toxic substances that get released were improperly treated, stored, transported, or disposed of can be derived from the wiring, circuit boards, smaller electronic parts such as chips, monitors, and so forth. In addition, many of these electronic parts release severely dangerous chemicals such as; lead, mercury, zinc, silver, chromium, etc. There are many factors in which hazardous waste can affect us such as the following: - A large amount being released at once - Toxicity - Level of exposure/contact - Who particularly is exposed - Concentration/dose of exposure - How exposure is initiated - Time period of exposure For humans as well as animals and plants, there can be exposure through; inhalation, ingestion, or dermal exposure. Inhalation can be breathing dangerous chemicals in the form of vapors, or even from the contaminated water while drinking water from the tap or even as simple as showering. Furthermore, ingestion can take place through what we eat and whether or not it is contaminated itself such as; fish, fruits, veggies, and any other...
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... Name: Khalid Unit 51: Electrical Technology Assignment 2 Teacher: Abdul khares P5, p6, p7 P5 Properties and typical application of a solid electrical conductor Copper Introduction: There are many good solid electrical conductors. Namely one main good solid electrical conductor is copper. As a technician (referring to the scenario given) I advise the use of copper as a solid electrical conductor and the reason will be explained below. Copper comes with many important properties conductivity, tensile strength and resistivity. The Cu represents copper in the periodic table and the atomic number which copper has Is 29. Applications of copper Applications of copper: nowadays copper is heavily used in pipes this is because copper is ductile meaning you can shape it however you want and it won’t snap easily. Also copper is used in generating electricity in places such as power stations as it is a good electrical conductor. Copper is also used in other things like building construction, consumer and general products etc. Properties of copper: Resistivity:’ Resistivity is the resistance across two opposite faces of a cubic metre of material’. What resistivity tells you is how resistive a material is. The symbol that is used to represent resistivity is p and the units that are in ohm meters. Copper has a very low resistivity the value of the resistivity of is. It is slightly this is because there is nothing next to copper in the resistance of...
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...The safety of amalgam (silver) fillings has been the subject of heated debate for many years in the field of Dental Science. (6) In the 1830’s, the safety of these fillings was called into question, again in the 1920’s, more recently the 1970’s, and the debate rages today. As a former dental assistant, I chose to have my amalgam fillings removed. This decision was fueled not only by esthetic reasons, but also by articles I read concerning the adverse health effects of mercury in amalgam fillings. An amalgam filling, consists of approximately 50% mercury and is combined with silver, copper, tin and zinc, to form a strong metal substance placed into a prepared tooth that has had a cavity. (6) Amalgam fillings have been used for approximately 160 years, the cost of the material is around...
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...All About Peru: Natural Resources, Plants, and Animals Peru has many wonders of the world! It has natural resources that can be primarily found there along with many kinds of plants and animals! There are many natural resources in Peru. Some of them are gold, copper, and silver. All those natural resources are used mainly for value. Each one has its own value. A 1943 to 1965 gold Peruvian gold coin is roughly about a dollar in America. If the gold coin has perfect condition it will cost 15 dollars. Of course there are different type of coins and that is the case here with gold coins. A different gold coin that is 50 soles in Peru, from 1950 to 1970, is worth about 959 dollars today! An 1859 silver coin in Peru costs 25 dollars here. Lastly, but not least, copper coins. Peruvians used copper coins for over 100 years, their value was un centavo (one cent) or dos cenatvos (two cents). Today an averaged use one cent Peruvian copper coin is worth three dollars here in America. A two cent copper coin with the same condition as the one cent is worth four dollars here. Peruvians don’t stop there, there is still more fantastic things in Peru. Moving on to the topic of plants, there are many different kinds of plants that can be found in Peru! Some of them include, Rosa Sisa, San Pedro Cactus, Huacatay, and Sangre de Drago. The Rosa Sisa, often referred to as Flor De Meurto in Mexico, is a plant what is thought to have mystical powers. It is featured in funeral, gravesites, and on...
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...Demand for imitation jewellery has suddenly gone up by over 85% due to drastic hike in gold and silver price and increased interest in gems & stones during wedding and current festive season as per the quick survey undertaken by ASSOCHAM-Social Development Foundation (ASDF). The local imitation jewellery market has seen almost 85 percent rise in the last one year and the exports have seen a rise of 35%, reveals the Associated Chamber of Commerce and Industry of India (ASSOCHAM) survey. In a recent survey undertaken by ASSOCHAM reveals that the main reasons that attribute to the increase in the demand for imitation jewellery include volatile gold prices in the span of an year, disposable incomes, fashion conscious, international exposure, easy to carry, adds the survey. While releasing the ASSOCHAM survey its Secretary General, D S Rawat said, this ruling high price is changing the customer preference from fine jewellery to relatively inexpensive but equally flashy costume jewellery. The imitation jewellery market is about Rs 8,000 crore (growing at the CAGR of 20% y-o-y) in India and expected to touch Rs 15,000 crore by 2015. The best thing about these jewelleries is that they are available in different designs and colours and they are so affordable that one can customize according to the dress worn, said 75% of shopkeepers. According to ASSOCHAM estimates, the price of gold plated jewellery have increased by over 80% in the last one year, similarly, the rates of...
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...Parent Brand: Tata Main Product Brand: Tanishq Sub Product Brand: Mia Product Target Segment: The growing, affluent and lifestyle conscious segment of women who use branded jewelry in their daily life. Why this segment?? * Women are increasingly the decision makers for their purchases of gold jewelry * Jewelry collection for everyday use, if high on design quotient, light in weight and affordably priced can attract the working women Driving Reason for new product: * Purchase power of the middle class was growing. * The five million working women whose purchasing power was an important part of the India’s growth story. * Women, engaged in different professions, complete with well-designed accessory ensemble did not have a choice of fine jewelry designed for daily wear. Issues Decide on * Product mix * Positioning * Branding * Communication Strategy * Can Mia Cannibalize Tanishq’s own product for special occasions like marriage, anniversary etc (product for one time purchase) Brief Tanishq is the first and most prominent jewelry brand of the jewellery division of Titan industries ltd, a company promoted by Tata group and has origin in 1994 when it started to export the jewelry to earn the mech needed foreign exchange. This brand was specially created for the female segment. However later with the adverse developments in the world economy and growing of Indian economy, the focus is changed from exports to Indian market...
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...with which basic skills can be learned. The word ‘photography’ comes from the Greek term ‘drawing with light’. Without light there is no photograph. Photography is about seeing, balancing and interpreting the light. Composition of Photography The Camera: The materials that are usually used in creating a camera are metal, glass, plastic, wood, and mirrors. The Film: Collodion: This substance transformed photography. This a viscous mixture of gun cotton that is dissolved in alcohol that then creates a thin film. It is then mixed with silver bromide, silver iodide or silver chloride. This substance reduced exposure time to seconds instead of hours. Film: The first type of camera film was produced when the collodion was combined with celluloid, a flexible plastic. This film started to be sold with “Kodak” in 1889 along with the worlds first box camera. Chemicals of Photography Developer: This substance is what causes the silver iodide on the roll of film to darken as if it has been exposed to the light. Developer is made out of two solutions. Solution A: 50 ml of water, 1 gram of sodium sulfite, 0.16 grams of hydroquinone, 4.6 grams of sodium carbonate, and 1.1 gram of phenidone. Solution B: 50 ml of water and 8 grams of sodium sulfite...
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...Object of Study : Rajasthani Silver Kada DESIGN HISTORY | EMPIRICAL RESEARCH | RAJASTHANI SILVER KADA Object of Study: Rajasthani silver kada Shape: Round and inflexible Metal: Silver Weight: 360 Gms INDEX | S.NO | PARTICULARS | PAGE NO. | 1 | Introduction | 1 | 2 | About the Rajasthani kada | 3 | 3 | Silver anklets as investments | 4 | 4 | Anklets around the World | 5 | 5 | Benefits of wearing an anklet | 6 | 6 | Anklets in present times | 7 | 7 | Conclusion | 8 | 8 | Gallery | 9 | 9 | Bibiliography | 13 | INTRODUCTION In India, for women being decked up with ornaments from head to toe was that it is considered a woman’s duty to forever be at her best with pleasant appearance in front of her husband and relatives. Hence the elaborate regimen for various ornaments and equal importance is given to wearing anklets. An anklet, also called ankle chain or ankle bracelet, is an ornament worn around the anklet. It may be worn tight like a leather strap or may dangle an inch or two. Anklets have been worn for thousands of years within different cultures. Sometimes the ankle bracelet has a significant meaning, while other anklets are worn just for beauty. Even today, people enjoy the sparkle of a dainty ankle bracelet and wear all types, from a slim silver one to a more chunky costume jewellery anklet. Anklets have always enhanced the dainty and feminine side of elegance. They are an important part of women’s adornment in the Indian culture though...
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