...industry best practices to protect against this type of information asset vulnerability. 426.4.3: System Hacking - The graduate evaluates various network system hacking counter-techniques. 426.4.5: Hacking Web Servers - The graduate identifies known web server vulnerabilities and demonstrates industry best practices to protect against this type of threat. 426.4.6: Web Application Vulnerabilities - The graduate identifies common web application vulnerabilities and uses industry best practices to protect against this type of threat. Introduction: Maintaining a proactive approach on security requires that an organization perform its own hacking footprinting to see how much information is available to potential hackers. Some organizations do this using internal staff; however, it is much more common to see organizations hire external security consultants to perform these types of security reviews. This allows a truly unbiased outsider to attempt to gather as much information as possible to formulate an attack. Assume that you have been selected as the security consultant to perform a comprehensive security review for an organization of your choosing. Ensure that the organization that you select has a public website that you can access and at least one web application that you can use for this task. You will review the security of the organization’s website and any related web applications and consider security risks such as structured query language (SQL) injection...
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...HIPAA Security Standards: Guidance on Risk Analysis Introduction The Office for Civil Rights (OCR) is responsible for issuing annual guidance on the provisions in the HIPAA Security Rule.1 (45 C.F.R. §§ 164.302 – 318.) This series of guidances will assist organizations2 in identifying and implementing the most effective and appropriate administrative, physical, and technical safeguards to secure electronic protected health information (e-PHI). The guidance materials will be developed with input from stakeholders and the public, and will be updated as appropriate. We begin the series with the risk analysis requirement in § 164.308(a)(1)(ii)(A). Conducting a risk analysis is the first step in identifying and implementing safeguards that comply with and carry out the standards and implementation specifications in the Security Rule. Therefore, a risk analysis is foundational, and must be understood in detail before OCR can issue meaningful guidance that specifically addresses safeguards and technologies that will best protect electronic health information. The guidance is not intended to provide a one-size-fits-all blueprint for compliance with the risk analysis requirement. Rather, it clarifies the expectations of the Department for organizations working to meet these requirements.3 An organization should determine the most appropriate way to achieve compliance, taking into account the characteristics of the organization and its environment. We note that some of...
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...This paper covers the basics of IT risk assessment. To learn more about this topic we recommend taking the SANS SEC410 IT Security Audit and Control Essentials course, available both online and via live classroom training. 2 Introduction The fundamental precept of information security is to support the mission of the organization. All organizations are exposed to uncertainties, some of which impact the organization in a negative manner. In order to support the organization, IT security professionals must be able to help their organizations’ management understand and manage these uncertainties. Managing uncertainties is not an easy task. Limited resources and an ever-changing landscape of threats and vulnerabilities make completely mitigating all risks impossible. Therefore, IT security professionals must have a toolset to assist them in sharing a commonly understood view with IT and business managers concerning the potential impact of various IT security related threats to the mission. This toolset needs to be consistent, repeatable, cost-effective and reduce risks to a reasonable level. Risk management is nothing new. There are many tools and techniques available for managing organizational risks. There are even a number of tools and techniques that focus on managing risks to information systems. This paper explores the issue of risk management with respect to information systems and seeks to answer the following questions: • What is risk with...
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...CYBER SECURITY INTRODUCTION It is also known as “Computer Security or IT security”. It is applied to the security of computer, computer network and the data stored and transmitted over them. Today the computer system are used in wide variety of “smart devices, including Smartphone’s, televisions and tiny devices as part of the Internet of Things, and networks include not only the Internet and private data networks, but also Bluetooth, Wi-Fi and other networks. Computer security covers all the processes and mechanisms by which digital equipment, information and services are protected from unintended or unauthorized access, change or destruction and the process of applying security measures to ensure confidentiality, integrity, and availability of data both in transit and at rest. There are the various elements of the cyber security which are as: 1. Application Security 2. Information Security 3. Network Security 4. Mobile Security 5. Internet Security 6. Cyberwarfare One of the most problematic elements of cybersecurity is the quickly and constantly evolving nature of security risks. The traditional approach has been to focus most resources on the most crucial system components and protect against the biggest known threats, which necessitated leaving some less important system components undefended and some less dangerous risks not protected. "The threat is advancing quicker than we can keep up with it. The threat changes faster than our idea of the risk. It's no longer...
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...TOP FIVE CYBER SECURITY THREATS FOR 2012 11 August 2012 ABSTRACT The ten cyber security threats in the IT world are boosts in mobile drives and in security tasks, increased C-suite targeting, growing use of social media that will contribute to personal cyber threats, being already infected, and everything physical can be digital. This paper discusses what these threats are, how to defeat and/or demonstrate proficiency in defeating the cyber threats, and the rising importance of cyber security at the work place. These security threats are becoming more common every day. Workplaces and personal lives are being attacked by using smaller more mobile devices. Therefore these cyber threats will be talked about in Therefore, these cyber threats will be assessed, to give you an idea of what they can do to your company or life, and the proper response on how to mitigate them. TOP FIVE CYBER SECURITY THREATS FOR 2012 With cyber security becoming an issue in todays corporate society the corporate world is looking into all of the threats to mitigate the leaking of sensitive information to the public. This has come to light with hactivists conducting large-scale exploits to infiltrate law enforcement agencies and major companies and steal sensitive data that could embarrass or damage certain organizations (Wansley, 2012). In this paper the top five cyber security threats for 2012 will be assessed and talked about to help control, mitigate,...
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...Information Security White Paper Why Security? The security of business information is the most important piece of a businesses infrastructure. Even in small operations, sensitive information that is essential to the business operations must be protected. "A survey by the computer security institute showed that one-third of all data breaches in just one year came at the expense of businesses with one hundred employees or less" (National Institute of Standards and Technology, 2009). What happens if you lose the most important information critical to your business operation? What would it cost your company to recover from an attack? How would you recover? These are all important questions to ask. Most likely your company's reputation would suffer, along with profits. In turn, any legal costs in relation to this security breach would be detrimental to your company’s financial health. Every business is required to have insurance, which might help with the aftermath of an attack, but it won't prevent an attack. Only information security is proactive in protecting your company's reputation and well being. Threats and Vulnerabilities The concept of threats and vulnerabilities are mentioned often in regards to computer security. A vulnerability is a weakness, or flaw, in a computer network that could be exploited. A threat is something that has the potential to cause harm to a computer, a network, or any sensitive...
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... record keeping, etc. This increased use of technology has caught the attention of the criminal element. The computer has become both target and tool to a new breed of cyber-criminal. Computers are becoming an increasingly important part of everyday life. They also provide new opportunities for criminal enterprise. The computer provides both new types of crime, and new ways of perpetrating traditional crimes. Computer crime investigation differs from more traditional crime investigation in several critical ways and will require law enforcement agencies to adopt new policies and practices. This paper documents the increasing rate of computer-based crime, points out several critical areas where it differs from more traditional crimes, and outlines some new problems and issues which law enforcement must address to combat computer crime. Finally, this paper suggests a plan of action suitable for many law enforcement agencies to prepare for dealing with computer based crime.The Birth of "hacking" Early use of the term "hacker" was applied to computer hobbyists who spent their spare time creating video games and other basic computer programs. However, this term acquired a negative connotation in the 1980s when computer experts illegally accessed several high-profile databanks. Databases at the Los Alamos National Laboratory (a center of nuclear weapons research) and the Sloan-Kettering Cancer Center in New York City were among their targets. The introduction...
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...Interested in learning more about security? SANS Institute InfoSec Reading Room This paper is from the SANS Institute Reading Room site. Reposting is not permitted without express written permission. Anti-Hacking: The Protection of Computers While the term Anti-Hacking may have different meanings to different people, one thing is certain. By definition, it means , "the opposite of hacking." If hacking is defined as an attack on a computer system, then Anti-Hacking is the protection of that system. The three aspects discussed in this paper: Education of the Security Adminis trator, Securing the Environment, and How to Fight Back are just one combined definition of how to protect a system. Copyright SANS Institute Author Retains Full Rights AD © SANS Institute 2003, Author retains full rights Key fingerprint = AF19 FA27 2F94 998D FDB5 DE3D F8B5 06E4 A169 4E46 Key fingerprint = AF19 FA27 2F94 998D FDB5 DE3D F8B5 06E4 A169 4E46 © SANS Institute 2003, As part of the Information Security Reading Room. Author retains full rights. Anti-Hacking: The Protection of Computers Chadd Schlotter In the Computer Security industry, there are many solutions available to help combat cyber crime. Firewalls and Intrusion Detection systems are in place across the Internet to help protect more networks than ever before. Teams at software corporations work diligently on creating patches for known vulnerabilities, yet everyday the number of computers that are compromised increases...
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...Critically discuss the securitization theory – using the case study of War on terror in Afghanistan (2001-2012) Introduction Security study was in the past regarded as a sub-discipline of international relations underpinned in Anglo-American thinking. Until early 1990s, security studies were considered as a strategic studies focusing on a strong military focus. This traditional view of security involved the protection of the state and a scientific agenda to secure the state from definable threats and maintain the status quo. This is a positivist approach which was based on rationalism and realism. The Copenhagen School presented an alternative view of security studies by responding to the traditional approach of forming a clear sense of ‘what is security’. This approach is defined in three mechanisms: development of sectors approach to security, developing a regional focus on security and critically engendering a social constructivist theory of security through securitization studies. This theory will be the main focus of this discussion. To achieve a critical discussion of what securitization really entails, this paper will use the case study of USA’s war on terrorism in Afghanistan. The approach used by the US government to fight against terrorism in Afghanistan and Iraq can be considered as a securitization approach which has led to a resulted in security problems in the two countries rather than solving the issue. Securitization of USA’s war on Afghanistan can be viewed in...
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...WHITE PAPER Copyright © 2011, Juniper Networks, Inc. 1 MOBILE DEVICE SECURITY— EMERGING THREATS, ESSENTIAL STRATEGIES Key Capabilities for Safeguarding Mobile Devices and Corporate Assets 2 Copyright © 2011, Juniper Networks, Inc. WHITE PAPER - Mobile Device Security—Emerging Threats, Essential Strategies Table of Contents Executive Summary. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . ....
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...Threats to Information Security and it’s Measures Abstract Security is a branch of computer technology known as information security as applied to computers and networks. The objective of online security includes protection of information and property from theft, corruption, or threats attack, while allowing the information and property to remain accessible and productive to its intended users. The term online system security means the collective processes and mechanisms by which sensitive and valuable information and services are protected from publication, tampering or collapse by unauthorized activities or untrustworthy individuals and unplanned events respectively. The basic aim of this article is to Prevention against unauthorized security Attack and Threats. Introduction Computer technology is more and more ubiquitous; the penetration of computer in society is a welcome step towards modernization but society needs to be better equipped to grapple with challenges associated with technology. New hacking techniques are used to penetrate in the network and the security vulnerabilities which are not often discovered create difficulty for the security professionals in order to catch hackers. The difficulties of staying up to date with security issues within the realm of IT education are due to the lack of current information. The recent research is focused on bringing quality security training combined with rapidly changing technology. Online networking security is to provide...
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...Riordan Network Design Project NTC/362 November, 2013 Riordan Network Design Project Riordan Manufacturing is a plastics manufacturing company that produces products such as beverage containers, custom plastic parts and plastic fans. Riordan was created in 1991 and was founded by Dr. Riordan. Riordan currently has a location in Hangzhou China and is moving that location to Shanghai China. This document will outline the network design, Project timeline, design approach, detailed design, current network topology, new network topology, security and plans for starting up new location and decommissioning the old location. Network Design Project Timeline Assignment | Timeline | Design Approach | Phase 1-Four Weeks | Detailed Design | Phase 1-Four Weeks | Current Network and Establishing New Network | Phase 2 6 weeks | Security Considerations | Phase 2 6 weeks | Decommissioning Old Facility | Phase 3 4 weeks | Old Equipment | Phase 3 4 weeks | Old and New Employees | Phase 3 4 weeks | Design Approach and Rationale Riordan Manufacturing is currently seeking to move the current location from Hangzhou China to Shanghai China. In order to successfully move the entire location to its new location we will setup the new location and get it up and running before we shut down the current location. In doing so we will need to purchase new hardware and software for the new location and also setup a new firewall...
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...Engineering Term Paper on Directions for Web and E-Commerce Applications Security SupervisorProf.P.M. Khilar Submitted byDinesh Shende Roll No-212CS2102 M.Tech(1st year) Directions for Web and E-Commerce Applications Security Abstract: This paper provides directions for web and e-commerce applications security. In particular, access control policies, workflow security, XML security and federated database security issues pertaining to the web and e-commerce applications are discussed. These security measures must be implemented so that they do not inhibit or dissuade the intended e-commerce operation. This paper will discuss pertinent network and computer security issues and will present some of the threats to e-commerce and customer privacy. These threats originate from both hackers as well as the e-commerce site itself. Another threat may originate at ostensibly friendly companies such as DoubleClick, MemberWorks and similar firms that collect customer information and route it to other firms. Much of this transaction information is able to be associated with a specific person making these seemingly friendly actions potential threats to consumer privacy. Many of the issues and countermeasure discussed here come from experiences derived with consulting with clients on how to maintain secure e-commerce facilities. These methods and techniques can be useful in a variety of client and server environments, also serving to alert e-commerce users of potential threats. 1. Introduction ...
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...Security Issues and Solutions in Ecommerce Applications The rise in popularity of conducting business online via ecommerce sites has not gone unnoticed by hackers and other cyber-criminals. A rise in the number of transactions and an increase in businesses that have an online presence have provided hackers with increased opportunities to exploit security vulnerabilities in ecommerce applications for personal profit, at the expense of legitimate businesses and users. A successful attack can result in downtime, the theft of user financial and personal information, loss of revenue, and loss of customers. This paper will offer an overview of some common types of security vulnerabilities and attacks on ecommerce platforms as well as some common tactics to prevent such attacks. Additional suggestions for maximizing information security on an application level as well as within an origination will be made with the goal emphasizing the prevention of attacks. There are numerous tactics that exploiters use to gain access to user personal and financial information on ecommerce sites. One common attack is SQL injection, which is a tactic where a hacker inserts SQL query data into user input fields on a web site, with the goal of that query being executed by the database. With the strategic placement of apostrophes, dashes and semi-colons, the hacker can execute queries that bring a web site down, provide access to customer financial and other personal information, and even manipulate...
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...Patton-Fuller Community Hospital network to identify additional properties and functions. This paper will look at the hardware and software needed to secure the network against electronic threats, will examine the use of Wide Area Networks (WAN) and Local Area Networks (LAN) and the technologies used to implement them, and finally the concepts of data communication networks will be explored. In any organization it is imperative that measures are taken to protect the network from potential threats. Vital information contained on the network may be at risk to potential internal or external network threats. With this stated it is important that the organization determines the safeguards that need to be in place to protect that data. Patton-Fuller Community Hospital will need to evaluate the software and hardware options that are available and will provide the most secure method for protecting the critical data stored on the network. To make an informed decision the types of potential threats must be first identified. There are a number of threats to networks; social engineering, port scanners, packet sniffers, password cracking, trojans, denial of service attacks, server bugs, and super user exploits. Each of these uses techniques designed to access the network and impair the networks ability to function or to obtain vital data. Social engineering is one of the most common ways of collecting private data from unsuspecting internet users. This is accomplished by tricking...
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