A project manager needs both soft and hard skills to lead effectively. Achieving the right mix of structure, creative freedom, and support will create the conditions for communication, innovation, and productivity for a team.
Researcher Teresa Amabile’s 2004 study on team perceptions of managers revealed that individuals most value the following characteristics in their project leaders: awareness of work activities; "socio-emotional" support; public recognition of performance; and inquiry and utilization of subordinates’ ideas. Conversely, the study found that team members bristled at leaders who provide too much or too little interest in their activities; avoid emerging conflicts or problems; and offer unclear objectives.
It can be a challenge to be an involved leader without being a micromanager. The following strategies can assist in achieving the proper balance.
Communicate Objectives and Expectations
Establishing guidelines does not have to stifle creativity–even a painter is limited by his or her canvas. Providing clear project objectives and team expectations, and revisiting them on a regular basis, helps to maintain project structure.
Become Involved in the Project
By investing personal time and effort in the development process of a project, rather than directing from the outside, you can maintain involvement without micromanaging. Effectively delegate tasks by establishing the "what" and the "when," and allowing the team to decide "how."
It may be helpful to think of yourself as a facilitator of a self-managed group, where the objectives and goals are determined by the team as a whole. Such a system maintains structure by mutual agreement; individuals are accountable to the team rather than the manager. As the manager, your role is to simply reflect the will of the team.
Publicly Recognize Ideas and Accomplishments
Create a supportive atmosphere