...interrelationships which exist among these, or any of them e.g. waste. Two kinds of definitions are operative for waste. One is conceptual and the other descriptive (Savasi, 1977) and defines waste by listing the kinds of materials comprising it. In the conceptual sense, wastes are defined as useless, unwanted or discarded materials. However, to a modern environmentalist, waste are just materials which are discarded because, they ‘seem’ to have no further economic use ignoring the irrelevant issue of usefulness, value or desirability of the waste. In the descriptive definition, waste consists of discarded materials resulting from domestic, community activities, industrial, commercial and agricultural operations. 1.1 TYPES OF WASTE Agricultural waste, Biomedical waste, Business waste, Chemical waste, Consumable waste, Domestic waste, Industrial waste, Inorganic waste, Medical waste, Organic waste, Recyclable waste Toxic waste, etc. Population explosion, uncontrolled urbanization and rapid industrialization have caused high waste generation quantities and rates in a country, (NEST 1991) waste generation increases not only because people multiply and hence the space available to each person becomes smaller, but also because the demand per person are continually increasing, so that each person throws away more waste year by year. If the world’s population were evenly distributed over the earth surface, most of these wastes could probably remain unnoticed and perhaps harmless...
Words: 2217 - Pages: 9
...Waste Management, Inc. Strategic Case Analysis Submitted for Approval to: Dr. Jifu Wang LEADING EDGE CONSULTING Houston, TX The Leaders in Waste Management Group 1 Consultants Jason Cummings Correen Harrell Deanna Lewis Jim Upchurch David Woods Page 3 of 163 Table of Contents 1.0 2.0 2.1. 2.2. Executive Summary..........................................................................8 Background Information on Waste Management ..........................9 Brief History of Company............................................................................... 9 Historical Timeline of Important Events...................................................... 11 3.0 External Analysis ............................................................................13 3.1. General Environmental Analysis ................................................................. 13 3.1.1. Political/Legal Factors.............................................................................. 13 3.1.2. Economic Factors .................................................................................... 16 3.1.3. Sociocultural Factors ............................................................................... 20 3.1.4. Demographic Factors............................................................................... 21 3.1.5. Technological Factors.............................................................................. 25 3.1.6. Global Factors ...............................................
Words: 39684 - Pages: 159
...READINESS AND EXTENT OF IMPLEMENTATION OF SOLID WASTE MANAGEMENT OF MATINA PANGI AND MAA COMMUNITIES: BASIS FOR ENHANCEMENT PROGRAM By: Melissa C. Napil ABSTRACT Solid waste management is a factor of sustainable environmental development. However, many countries including the Philippines still consider solid waste management a problem. Hence, this study was conducted to determine if readiness significantly influence the extent of implementation of solid waste management in two communities namely, Matina Pangi and Maa, Davao City. The study revealed that the two communities are very much ready in terms of implementing solid waste management, and their extent of implementation of solid waste management was high. It was found that there was no significant difference on level of readiness and extent of implementation of solid waste management between the two communities. Finally, the influence of readiness on extent of implementation of solid waste was found significant. Key words – Solid Waste Management, Readiness and Extent of Implementation of Solid Waste Management INTRODUCTION There is increasing evidence that community-based approaches to waste management, than top-down program created by bureaucrats, can promote a more sustainable development. The UNESCO Resource book on Environmental Education (1995) as cited by Santiago, et al, (1998) stressed that community readiness and participation are powerful strategies in attaining sustainable environmental...
Words: 4808 - Pages: 20
...Waste Management: Giving Back Michael Dranchak Lackawanna College Abstract There are three components when speaking about corporate social responsibility. Cognitive implies thinking about organization’s relationship with its parties at interests. Linguistic involves ways of explaining the organization’s reasons for engaging in certain activities. Conative involves what the firm actually does, along with the commitment and consistency it shows in being social responsible. I’m going to speak about Waste Management and how they relate to society using corporate social responsibility. Waste Management: Giving Back Waste Management is a nationwide company that is helping keep the United States cleaner every day. Lately their projects have been focused on keeping the United States much “greener” than it has been in previous years. They come up with new ideas all the time on how to make the United States more environmentally sound. Waste Management makes a lot of money from their millions of investors, and by selling their services and picking up garbage. But what many people do not know is that Waste Management also gives back a lot of money to many places in communities all over the United States. For example, I love in Taylor, Pennsylvania, and Waste Management is a large contributor to many parts of our community here. A friend of mine uses a basketball center to teach kids to play basketball, and Waste Management paid for a brand new scoreboard there...
Words: 512 - Pages: 3
... an urban community is overwhelmed by trash that is poorly managed and has become a source of many hazards to the public. As a Health Educator working for an international health organization you have been asked to assist to address the management of trash (solid wastes) in this community. Your tasks in this assignment are to: 1. Describe how you would address proper trash management in the community of a developing country and how services may be improved. 2. Discuss the concept of Reduce, Reuse and Recycle in the management of trash. X Management of municipal solid waste (MSW) or otherwise known as trash or garbage is an ongoing environmental and economic issue not only in the Unites States but also around the world especially in a developing country like the Philippines. The need for a community assessment that aims at assessing the current problems related to the way trash is managed in Pateros, the smallest district in Metro Manila, has been identified. A community assessment is a systemic process of understanding a health problem for the purpose of priority setting or developing an action plan (Escoffery et al, 2004). Before I initiate a community assessment in the area of Pateros, I would have to follow a guide to effectively accomplish the assessment. The matter of solid waste and its management in Metro Manila had catapulted itself into the limelight in 2000, during which a number of issues plagued the solid waste management sector (Navarro...
Words: 1395 - Pages: 6
...organization I have been asked to assist to address the management of trash (solid wastes) in the community of a developing country within Africa. The issue of waste management in the community such as this is not a new concept; it is just a matter of implementing concepts that have been used worldwide to prevent further damage to our environment. Concepts such as reduce; reuse and recycle have to be implemented and enforced by the leaders in the community. The country of Africa faces serious problems managing their waste. Two of the major problems are the insufficient collection and inappropriate final disposal of wastes . These wastes, if not properly disposed, can cause significant health issues to their population. One of the major issues is that of releases of methane gas which not only combusts but is a serious health concern. Both collection and inappropriate disposal of wastes need to be addressed and rectified. The issue of collection can be handled on the leadership level and the issue of inappropriate final disposition needs leadership oversight for management and control. The concept of reduce, reuse, and recycle can positively impact the country of Africa. "Reduce" means using fewer resources in the first place . Reduce the amount of products used, use or purchase products that last longer or are more durable. If citizens would reduce products or consumption this would automatically reduce the need of waste that needs to be eliminated. The concept of reuse...
Words: 533 - Pages: 3
... IDS/3902/06 ………………………… ZIEM ABRAHAM IDS/3934/06 ………………………… …………………………… Mr. Sumani John Bosco (Supervisor) Date…………………….. DEDICATION This work is dedicated to the parents and relatives of the group members for their love, care, prayers and support. ACKNOWLEDGEMENT The group wishes to render its first thanks to the Almighty God without whose divine intervention the work would not have been possible. We also acknowledge the immense contribution of the chiefs, elders and people of Zanko and Sokpayiri communities who contributed in diverse ways to making our research a successful one. The group also likes to acknowledge the various contributions by Zoom lion Ghana Ltd, Environmental Protection Agency (EPA) and the Wa Municipal Assembly for making available relevant information pertaining to the project. We are very much grateful to Mr.Sumani John Bosco who supervised this work. We sincerely appreciate his advice, directions, suggestions made towards this work. We are also very thankful...
Words: 13524 - Pages: 55
...congestion, lacking solid waste management, unplanned hill cutting and poor sewerage facilities. Chittagong’s solid waste management system employs around 1,800 workers, of which 1,475 are Sheboks (street sweepers). Its trucks are powered by Compressed Natural Gas (CNG), and waste is disposed of into two landfills. Chittagong City Corporation (CCC) greening and recycling initiatives have won the prestigious “Prime Ministers First Prize” (in 2003-04) for achievements in maintaining Chittagong as a “Clean and Green” city of Bangladesh. Successful initiatives include an annual month-long plantation fair, and water and firewood recycling projects. The Conservancy Department of CCC is responsible for the solid waste management. To TOP 2. Action Plan Progress After the First 2006 AUICK Workshop, the Action Plan made for Chittagong facilitated NGO and private initiatives to better manage solid waste collection and disposal. Chittagong’s urban environment suffers from the effects of unplanned waste disposal by its 35-40 health clinics and hospitals, and the destruction of its hillside greenery by unplanned development, so a two-part plan increased community waste management and treatment of hospital waste, as well as creating greening programs for the urban areas of the city. Almost 30% of the city’s Wards were brought under community level management, and Ward councilors, public and NGO staff and community members worked together to improve the organization of waste disposal. Around...
Words: 809 - Pages: 4
...As an international health educator, I will be conducting a needs assessment process for solid and hazardous waste management in Malaysia, which is a developing country that has major public health and environmental concerns especially in urban areas. Global Environment Centre says that “Solid waste is one of the three major environmental problems in Malaysia and currently, over 23,000 tons of waste is produced each day in Malaysia. However, this amount is expected to rise to 30,000 tons by the year 2020. The amount of waste generated continues to increase due to the increasing population and development, and only less than 5% of the waste is being recycled.” According to WHO Western Pacific Regional Environmental Health Centre (EHC), “ Some of the main problems in Malaysia are technical, financial, economic and social constraints. The first steps I will take in my needs assessment survey will be to collect background information on the communities in Malaysia. I will then develop a series of questions to address to the communities in collecting existing data and some of the processes that are currently in place. For example: What are they currently doing to reduce waste, what provides waste removal and do they have any type of recycling services or litter cleanup programs, also do they have any type of waste management for the disposal of hazardous waste for industrial and healthcare facilities. Malaysia has over 1800 rivers which are their only water resource so I...
Words: 634 - Pages: 3
...Nicole Del Campo Operations Management Assignment #1 February 22nd, 2013 General Motors: Trash becomes Treasure In the study of Operations Management, we learn that it refers to activities, decisions, and responsibilities of managing the resources that are dedicated to the production and delivery of products and services. A pretty broad definition but is this really all that Operations Management consists of? Operations Management has several branches and one of those branches has to do with how a company competes with other companies in the same industry. How effective is the company and what is it’s productivity like. How does any company distinguish itself? The answer to that is by constantly improving operations and working diligently through the different facets of operations to meet the bottom-line and its mission statement. General Motors is known for being among one of the world’s largest automakers by vehicle unit sales. They house over 10 automobile brands and they are more than just a well-known company that is effective and productive effortlessly, but most importantly for the environmental initiatives they take. I chose to write about General Motors and their efforts to aid the environment by recycling because operations management is about more than just the activities involved in creating products and services. General Motors has created sustainability in their industry by recycling others waste such as scrap metal and by creating alternative-technology...
Words: 830 - Pages: 4
...attitudes, impressions, opinions, satisfaction level etc (BusinessDictionary.com, 2011). Waste management and pollution prevention is my contemporary issue that is very interesting for students to learn. Waste management is how we handle our trash. Most communities uses an integrated approach to waste management, meaning they use a variety of ways to handle trash produced by their citizens (Capegateway, 2004). Some of these include pollution prevention, landfilling, recycling, comprosting, waste reduction, waste to energy plants, hazardous waste disposal, and litter prevention andcontrol. There is an attitude survey that I want my students to fill out, on waste management and pollution prevention. An attitude survey consists of a series of statements that students are asked to express their agreement or disageement. This type of survey provides valuable information on student perceptions of their experience with pollution and waste. This includes general attitudes toward their home, their community, and their own learning. The results from this survey can also help a person identify elements in the classroom which best support student learning. Survey 3 The purpose of this survey is to find out how many students in the classroom, help keep their home and their community out by not polluting, or by destroying their community by polluting. Some preliminary issues, I had designing the survey was: 1...
Words: 880 - Pages: 4
...sequence=1) In a developing country, the problems associated with solid waste management are more acute than in a developed country. Lack of financial resources and infrastructure to deal with solid waste creates a vicious cycle; lack of resources leads to low quality of service provision which leads to fewer people willing to pay for said services, which in turn further erodes the resource base and so on. The problem is further complicated by rapid growth in population and urbanization, which adds greatly to the volume of waste being generated and to the demand for waste retrieval service in municipal areas. However, more often than not, an increase in population is not matched with an equal increase in revenue for the local municipalities for waste management. Besides this, rapid urbanization means rapid growth of shanty dwelling units that are largely unplanned for, and add to the waste, health, and hygiene problems. Another significant factor that contributes to the problem of solid wastes in a developing country scenario is the lack of proper collection and transportation facilities. Improper planning coupled with rapid growth of population and urbanization serves to add congestion in streets, and as a result the waste collection vehicles cannot reach such places, thus allowing filth to build up over time. Lack of monetary resources, at times, results in improper or no transportation vehicles for waste disposal adding another dimension to the ever rising cycle of problems...
Words: 2839 - Pages: 12
.................... 5 Production and Consumption as Social Processes Generating Waste ..................................... 6 Economic Instruments for EMS .................................................................................................. 10 Strategy ..................................................................................................................................... 13 Conclusions and Recommendations .......................................................................................... 19 References ................................................................................................................................. 20 Prepared by: Dr. Michael Witter Economist Economic Incentives for Implementing Environmental Management Systems in Jamaica 1 Economic Incentives for Implementing Environmental Management Systems in Jamaica 2 INTRODUCTION The Jamaican economy at the dawn of the twenty-first (21st) century is a very open extensively liberalized marketplace in which Jamaican enterprises are being outcompeted by imported goods and services and by foreign owned businesses established here. Historically, the incentive system, essentially, the structure of prices, favoured environmentally unfriendly activity. Subsidized chemicals for farming, no user charges for the environment and public recreation facilities, poor waste management systems and practices and low fines for unenforced...
Words: 8919 - Pages: 36
...part in saving the planet. We have a moral responsibility to do so for our children and future generations. Although recycling is great (and everyone should be doing it)….what really needs to happen to create a more sustainable society, is for us to reduce the amount of materials that we produce in the first place. There is a pyramid (like the Food Pyramid) (Environmental Science 8th edition, Daniel D. Chiras, 2009, Jones and Bartlett, Publishers Chapter 23 “Hazardous and Solid Wastes: Sustainable Solutions) for solid waste management and it goes like this: Reduction (the top of the pyramid) - not producing materials that generate the waste in the first place. We don’t need all the materials we have. Another good example is packaging waste. Think of how much packaging many of our products come in- lunchables for example, come in a cardboard box and then a sealed plastic tray and then the crackers and other parts are individually wrapped too. Reuse-reusing and repurposing the wastes. Instead of buying brand new why not shop at Goodwill or garage sales? Or taking 55 gallon drums and turning them into rain barrels. Recycling- collecting materials and re-processing them into raw materials. For example, taking office paper to the paper mill to be turned into paper/toilet paper etc. aluminum beverage cans Envir. Ethics 3 melted to make new aluminum, plastic beverage cans ground into plastic pellets to be melted...
Words: 2025 - Pages: 9
...General Description Clinical Waste is waste from medical premises or laboratory that has the potential to cause disease, including, for example, discarded sharps, laboratory waste, animal and human tissue, blood, swabs and dressing. Producers of Clinical Waste Anyone who produces clinical waste or causes clinical waste to be produced is a clinical waste producer. Examples of major producers are: * Hospitals * Government clinics * Dental Hospital * Nursing homes (including dialysis center) * Maternity Homes Examples of Small Clinical Waste Producers are: * Private medical clinics (including Chinese medicine practitioners) * Dental clinics * Medical laboratories * Residential care homes including those for the elderly * Universities with medical teaching or research Clinical Waste Control Scheme that raises public health standards in Hong Kong through effective waste management. The scheme comprises five key elements: * establishing a statutory licensing framework for all clinical waste collectors and disposal facility operators. * using licensed contractors for collection and transport of the waste * requiring clinical waste producers to properly manage their clinical waste by consigning the clinical waste to licensed clinical waste collectors for delivery to a licensed disposal facility for disposal. * promulgating Codes of Practice to provide guidance for clinical waste producers and waste collectors. * setting...
Words: 265 - Pages: 2
