...Approaches of the public administration in: (a) The contemporary era Introduction The approaches to the study of Public administration in the contemporary era can be categorized from different angles such as normative approach and empirical approach. The main focus of these approaches is how public administration should be, and also to describe and to analyze the actual administrative situations. There different forms of public administration which are divide as follows; Philosophical approach Legal approach Historical approach Scientific approach Case Method Approach Institutional and Structural Approach Behavioral Approach Philosophical Approach The Philosophical approach takes within its purview all aspects of administrative activities. The main goal of this approach is to find out and enunciate the principles or ‘ideals’ underlying these activities. This is perhaps the oldest approach to public administration as of all other social sciences. Legal Approach This is a systematic approach which is formulated and it traces its ancestry to the European tradition of rooting Public administration in law. Public administration was considered to be a part of law, concentrating on legally prescribed structure and organization of Public authorities. Legal approach came into place at a time when the functions of the state were narrowly limited and simple in nature. The administrative law is an important branch of Public law which is conceived in quite broad terms to enable it...
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...Privacy and Culture: Comparative study of privacy issues with respect to mobile technology in India and America Sreeranjani K Pattabiraman Abstract The past decade has witnessed a huge shift in the development of mobile technology which has led to privacy issues, murmurings of which started surfacing only in recent years. A lot of research has been carried out by academicians on mobile technology and its impact on society. There have also been comparative studies on how privacy has changed for people over the years with the boom of social networking sites and smart phones. But, there has not been a substantial study or analysis conducted on how people's privacy has been directly affected by the ever-increasing population boom of mobile-phone users. This comparative study analyzes the concept of privacy with respect to mobile surveillance and draws upon prior work in the field of mobile surveillance, ranging from popular press on government surveillance in India and USA and case studies in these two countries related to people’s view on privacy, to the works of ACLU (American Civil Liberty Union) in USA and Stop CMS (Central Monitoring System) in India. The study is built around the analysis and comparison of the issue of mobile surveillance in both the countries, how people dealt with this, and the role of culture in determining people’s view on privacy. It also proposes suggestions for how future research can be carried out in the field of mobile surveillance. Keywords ...
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...A. Object and Scope of the Study of Constitutional Law Constitutional Law in this concept more emphasis on objects which are the subject of studies in Constitutional Law itself. In connection with the definition of the Constitutional Law on the corner of the object of this study Van Vollenhoven (Netherlands) in his book "Staatrecht Over Zee" states: Constitutional Law is the law that governs all people, law-top to bottom, which in turn determines the area neighborhood people, determine ruling bodies, authorities and functions within the legal community. While Paul Scholten (Netherlands), in his book "Staatrecht, Algement Deel", defines that the Constitutional Law is a law that regulates the state organization or organizations of a country....
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...profitability would follow. The efficient and effective banking regulations serve as a unified power to control the creation, operation and liquidation of the banking sector as well as a proper control in the stability of the economy of the country. Hence, BB as the Central Bank of the country should put into appropriate places all the specialized banking supervisory regulations and policies that can protect the depositors from higher risks of losing their deposited money in the banks. The core objective of the banking sector is to provide total protection to the investors with their money and funds. Both businesses and individuals have the rights to be ensured with certainty and safety about their funds in the banks. A smooth and acceptable public confidence and trust should be sustained and continually developed into more trusted banking system environment that can provide a high level of banking services all throughout the economy. In addition, to attain total efficiency and competitiveness that can project a positive impact on the entire banking sector in the Bangladesh. 2. Purpose The purpose of this paper is to engage in a critical examination of the banking regulatory framework in Bangladesh. Second, to assess the operational efficacy of banking regulations and supervisory...
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...Citizens Rights enhancement or abscission. A Comparative Disucssion before and after the dividation of DCC Course Title: Local government and Administrative Law Course Code: LAW- 347 Submited To: Name: Saybur Rahman Lacturer of UAP Sumited By: Name: Sharmin Akhter ID: 12111034 Department: Law & Human Rights University of Asia Pacific Date of Submission: Jan28, 2015 Sharmin Akhter Univercity of Asia Pacific 1/27/2015 UAP A Comparative Discussion before and after the dividation of DCC DCC Table of Contents Executive Summary ....................................................................................................................................... 3 1. Introduction .............................................................................................................................................. 4 1.1 Background of the study ..................................................................................................................... 4 1.2 Statement of the Problem .................................................................................................................. 5 1.3 Objective of the study ......................................................................................................................... 5 1.2.1 Main Objective ............................................................................................................................. 5 1.2.2 Specific objectives ............
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...1 THE ROLE OF PUBLIC RELATIONS IN ENHANCING CUSTOMERS’ SATI STATION (A CASE STUDY OF NIGERIAN AIRWAYS ENUGU ) 2 THE IMPACT OF NEWS COMMENTARIES ON RADIO LISTENERS (A CASE STUDY OF FEDERAL RADIO CORPORATION OF NIGERIA ENUGU) 3 HAZARDS OF JOURNALISM PROFESSION UNDER MILITARY REGIME (FROM 1993 – 1998) 4 MASS MEDIA COVERAGE OF RURAL DEVELOPMENT NEWS. A CONTENT ANALYTICAL STUDY OF THE GUARDIAN, DAILY CHAMPION, PUNCH AND DAILY STAR NEWSPAPERS. 5 THE ROLE OF MODERN TECHNOLOGY IN ACHIEVING COMMUNICATION EFFICIENCY IN NIGERIA 6 INFORMATION TECHNOLOGY AND THE CHANGING ROLE OF MASS MEDIA IN NIGERIA A DISCOURSE ON THE IMPACT OF INFORMATION TECHNOLOGY AND MEDIA DEVELOPMENT IN NIGERIA 7 THE ROLE OF THE BROADCASTING MEDIA IN UPLIFTING THE EDUCATIONAL SYSTEM OF ENUGU STATE. (A CASE STUDY OF ENUGU METROPOLIS ) 8 A COMPARATIVE STUDY ON “THE IMPORTANCE OF PIDGIN ENGLISH IN BROADCASTING” (A CASE STUDY OF THE ESBS ENUGU 9 THE IMPACT OF TESTIMONIAL USE ON ADVERTISING EFFECTIVENESS (A CASE STUDY OF KANU NWANKWO IN PEAR MILK ADVERTISMENT) 10 AN A****SMENT OF THE EFFECTS OF TELEVISION PROGRAMMES ON YOUTHS. (A CASE STUDY OF CAMPUS CIRCUIT ON MINAJ BROADCAST INTERNATIONAL) 11 THE ROLE OF RADIO IN DEMOCRATIC SOCIETY (A CASE STUDY OF ENUGU NORTH LOCAL GOVERNMENT AREA) 12 THE ROLE OF PUBLIC RELATIONS IN ENHANCING CUSTOMERS SATISFACTION IN A GOVERNMENT PERASTATTALS 13 THE ROLE OF PUBLIC RELATIONS IN ENHANCING CUSTOMERS SATISFACTION IN A GOVERNMENT PERASTATTALS 14 THE ROLE OF...
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...11 Importance Factors Responsible For the Growth of Comparative Education 1. The Geographical Factor: The geographical position has its inevitable impact on the culture, civilisation and education of a nation. The various countries of the world have different geographical positions. Therefore, their modes of living, civilization, culture, social institutions and educational systems are also different. The climate of a cold country is different from that of a tropical one. Therefore, ways of living and social organisation of the two types of countries are not the same. Serial systems influence the educational organisation. An agricultural country emphasises agricultural education in its educational system, and an industrial country pays special attention to technological and-industrial subjects in the organisation of its curriculum. In a cold country there is a long winter vacation and in a hot country a long summer vacation. Evidently, the educational structure of a country is conditioned by its geographical situation. Image Source : maestrobytumlare.com 2. The Economic Factor: The educational system of a country is closely related with its economic condition. The aims and curriculum of education are framed according to the economic condition of the land. The belief about the economic system as adhered to by a country is inculcated in the citizens. For example, under the socialistic economic system, the State is the owner of all property. Therefore at the very primary...
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...that is used to help law enforcement and the government agencies in pursuing unknown perpetrators. The criminal profilers have a background in investigative psychology and forensic. Thus, giving them the necessary skills and knowledge that is required to recognize the personal characteristics and traits of criminals based on the evidence on the crime scene. Therefore, it is correct to state that criminal profiling is an amalgamation of analyzing the behavioral and physical data, restructuring a crime from the creation to the end and hence approaching it with the most scientific determination probable with the information availed on the crime scene. According to (Holmes & Holmes 2002),...
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...Введение в Политологию Программа учебного курса Российская экономическая школа, совместный бакалавриат РЭШ-ВШЭ, весенний семестр 2014 года (64 часа в аудитории) Преподаватель – Балалаева Дина Яновна, Ph.D. Занятия: лекция - среда, 15:10-16:30, семинар- 13:40-15:00 Консультации – TBA Компетенции, формируемые в результате освоения дисциплины: В результате освоения дисциплины студент должен обладать следующими общекультурными (ОК) и профессиональными компетенциями (ПК): ОК-4, ПК-8, ПК-9 Общий объем аудиторных часов – 64 в том числе: лекции – 32 часа. практические занятия - 32 часа. Промежуточный контроль – статья. Краткая аннотация Данный курс по «Сравнительной политологии» охватывает наиболее важные темы дисциплины и прослеживает развитие методологии от сравнительных кейс-стади до крупномасштабных межвременных исследований и экспериментов на местах. Почему, в среднем, самые богатые страны – демократии? Или, заимствуя вопрос Л. Даймонда (2010), почему мир не знает ни одной арабской демократии? Почему авторитаризм не помешал (помог?) «азиатским тиграм»? Насколько устойчивы гибриды? В чем «секрет эффективности» парламентской формы правления? Почему страны с пропорциональной системой выборов больше тратят на социальные расходы, чем страны с мажоритарной формулой? Производят ли федерации больше технологических инноваций, чем унитарные государства? Каково оптимальное...
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...concepts (new sovereign legal rights) and all CBD parties have committed to adopt legislative and administrative measures to recognise and apply those concepts. Legal remedies are the tools for ensuring that these commitments and their underlying objectives are achieved in practice. The proper relationship between the judiciary and the quasi judicial administrative agency is a topic of continuing controversy in administrative law. One of the most significant and puzzling problems which has arisen in this area is the timing of judicial intervention in the administrative process-at what point and to what extent may the court give relief to a party aggrieved by administrative action. Universally applied, the doctrine of exhaustion of administrative remedies precludes an applicant from challenging the validity of administrative actions prior to seeking relief via prescribed administrative procedures. The law of ‘remedies’ is not usually sectorally specialised. In nearly all countries, “administrative and judicial remedies” are provided in general national law, applicable to all legal issues and structures. A different, though related, problem arises when a party seeks judicial intervention not to challenge the validity of the agency's action, but rather merely to maintain the status quo during the administrative process. Administrative agencies function as entities quite separate from the judiciary-they are essentially an arm of...
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...This article is published in a peer-reviewed section of the Utrecht Law Review The Use and Influence of Comparative Law in ‘Wrongful Life’ Cases Ivo Giesen* 1. Introduction** 1.1. Comparable stories of great grief In 1993, a South African boy named Brian Stewart was born severely handicapped. He suffers from ‘spina bifida’, a congenital defect to the lower spine, which negatively affects the nerve supply to the lower limbs, bladder and bowel. He suffers from a brain defect as well.1 In 1994, a Dutch girl named Kelly Molenaar was also born severely handicapped. By the time she was two-and-half-years old she was diagnosed as being retarded, autistic, not fully grown, not able to walk or talk, suffering from heart disease, bad hearing and poor eyesight and she was not able, at that time, to recognize her parents. She had been admitted to hospital on nine occasions due to continuous crying, believed to be caused by pain.2 Comparable stories about severely handicapped children can be found in several other countries as well. Both Brian and Kelly were not supposed to have been born in the sense that their mothers would have chosen for an abortion had they known in time about the birth defects their children would suffer. Brian’s mother would have undergone a termination of her pregnancy had the obstetrician and gynaecologist she consulted detected any abnormalities in the foetus and advised her thereof. Kelly’s mother had asked the obstetrician she consulted to carry out some...
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...implications of the efficient bank supervisory and strong regulatory implementation strategies in Bangladesh Bank will be needed in order to overcome the continued crisis in the banking system. This should be a wakeup call to everyone in the banking industry in the country to further develop and strengthen the strict monitoring of the banking mechanism strategies. At the same time, in order to investigate the numerous misalignments in the supervision of both banking institutions and Central Bank of Bangladesh as well as to integrate the appropriate linkages between proper implementation of the bank regulatory and supervisory structures. The result of this study suggests that there is a strong need for focusing on the dual banking system, as well as a need to increase the efficiency in the technical areas, as well as a tooth for a tooth law in order for the Central Bank of Bangladesh to beat numerous fraud activities in the banking sector. Proper growth and profitability and transparency in the entire banking sector will be achieved through a strict implementation of banking policies and regulations with a strong emphasis on the firm litigation to reduce the unlawful acts of those individuals. I. Introduction The banking sector has received most intense condemnation and examination over the years due to lack of proper regulations and supervisory structures which led the banking sector into severe financial depression. With the banking conditions now of Sonali Bank Limited...
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...CRIME, PROCEDURE AND EVIDENCE IN A COMPARATIVE AND INTERNATIONAL CONTEXT This book aims to honour the work of Professor Mirjan Damaška, Sterling Professor of Law at Yale Law School and a prominent authority for many years in the fields of comparative law, procedural law, evidence, international criminal law and Continental legal history. Professor Damaška’s work is renowned for providing new frameworks for understanding different legal traditions. To celebrate the depth and richness of his work and discuss its implications for the future, the editors have brought together an impressive range of leading scholars from different jurisdictions in the fields of comparative and international law, evidence and criminal law and procedure. Using Professor Damaška’s work as a backdrop, the essays make a substantial contribution to the development of comparative law, procedure and evidence. After an introduction by the editors and a tribute by Harold Koh, Dean of Yale Law School, the book is divided into four parts. The first part considers contemporary trends in national criminal procedure, examining cross-fertilisation and the extent to which these trends are resulting in converging practices across national jurisdictions. The second part explores the epistemological environment of rules of evidence and procedure. The third part analyses human rights standards and the phenomenon of hybridisation in transnational and international criminal law. The final part of the book assesses Professor...
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...Political violence, it will be useful to identify non-violence processes a government or beaurocracy implements by following the law of a country. Elections, a political agreement between two parties and etc. are some examples of non-violent actions that the government or the executives of a government follow when necessary. These exemptions to violence are normally defining country’s law system and in case of the United States they are defined in the Constitution. Elections are used for many different purposes but it is very important when the result of it affects large population. Changing a leadership through an election affects to the future of a country. When inspect most counties and their political system, it becomes obvious that governments are using political violence or at least threat of violence to establish the political object in the region, and this tool (political violence) is not only use by types of governments such as monarchy, dictatorship, or oligarchy, it has also become a tool for democracy and republic political systems. (cite : comparative political studies) Social mobilization is the mobilization of group of civilians for factious political purposes. This type of political events consists of large public gatherings, parades, and demonstrations and these also can be a part of actions such protests. According to a study over political and sociological systems of ten countries, the...
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...MICROECONOMICS THE NATURE OF ECONOMICS Economics is concerned with the way limited resources are distributed/allocated among alternative uses to satisfy unlimited human wants. It helps to understand the nature and organization of society and the operation and behaviour of business firms and other economic decision-making units. Microeconomics deals with the economic behaviour of individual units (consumers, firms, resource holders): how scarce resources are allocated among alternative uses; the role of prices and markets. Macroeconomics is concerned with the economy as a whole or the behaviour of economic aggregates – GDP, Employment, Inflation, etc. The economist collects facts that are relevant to consideration of a specific economic problem – descriptive or empirical economics. Economists also state economic principles – generalizes about the way individuals and institutions actually behaves = economic theory. Induction – from facts to theory, from the particular to the general. Deduction starts at the level of theory and proceeds to the verification or rejection of this theory by an appeal to the facts. Positive economics try objectively to predict and explain economic phenomena. It deals with facts and is devoid of value judgement. Concerned with “WHAT IS”. Normative economics is where one’s choice is based on subjective value judgement. It deals with “WHAT OUGHT TO BE”. Example: Unemployment is 12 % of the labour force – positive ...
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