...Religion in Academics To say the United States is a religious nation would be an understatement. About 90 percent of Americans claim to believe in God, and almost 80 percent say that religion in an important part of their lives. Seventy percent of Americans pray and 40 percent attend religious services and read the Bible each week (Nord 1). Religion is a significant factor in our everyday lives. Instead of trying to ignore the impact religion has made in the past and continues to make, we must strive to learn more about different religions and embrace the religions of our world. From the time this country was established on religious freedom, there has been a struggle with religion in academics. During colonial times, the schools were largely operated by churches. Prayer and religion were part of daily school life. This continued for many years. Once the immigrant population of the United States increased and made the country more diverse friction developed over prayers and readings from the King James Bible. In 1910, the Illinois Supreme Court banned in-class readings of the Bible in Chicago public schools. A little over 50 years later, two cases were heard in the U.S. Supreme Court. Parents claimed organized school prayer was violating their First Amendment protection against established religion. The courts ruled against organized prayer nationwide in public schools (Jurinski 6). Many people believe that any shape or form of religion is no longer allowed...
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...Theologies in A Song of Ice and Fire For my final paper, I will discuss a few of the religions in A Song of Ice and Fire by George R. R. Martin. I will describe and show how these fictional religions compare to factual ones. I will mainly focus on how it relates to Christianity and its various forms, but I will also include other religions in smaller detail. Before I dive right into the religions, I will give a brief description of A Song of Ice and Fire and why Martin, a lapsed Catholic and proclaimed atheist, decided to include such a large amount of religion in the series. The tale takes place in the fictional realms of Westeros, Essos, and Sothoryos. In these fictional realms, power and religion sits above all else. Westeros, also known as the Seven Kingdoms, is the main continent described in the series. The land of Westeros became a “melting pot” for religions after Aegon the Conqueror succeeded in capturing all of Westeros. Before this conquest, there were multiple kingdoms, all practicing their own religions. The unification of countries created much adversity as some religions faded away while others became universal. The series focuses on a set of main characters and how they rise and fall from power. Martin uses religion in the book to create a sense of realism. Due to how prominent of a role religion played in our medieval history, the inclusion of religion in the series adds depth and extra diversity. His reasoning for this is The Crusades. The Crusades shaped...
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...The article that was chosen for this paper is called Social of Religion- World Religions. World Religions seemed appealing and was wondering how sociology could play a part in people’s lives in terms of religion when it’s involved. For the most part, it could play a part cause involves them and those who do not have a religion because it defines how people would act in society. It helped a lot due to taking the world Religion class last quarter and the article spoke on a few religions we touched on in that class. For the portion of the article it talks about the different religions. They are major monotheistic religions, Judaism, Christianity, and Islam. Major non-monotheistic religions like Hinduism, Buddhism, and Agnosticism and Atheism. In the World Religion article by Wienclaw, Ruth A (2009), when talking about these religions it seemed like the information that was given was a recap of information that most people already know. This article has two sections where it gave more insight on where it was going and the titles are called Other Approaches and Viewpoints. It gave insight to how to take the information given from these different religions. This article seems like it got some information from researching about the different religions or using a book that talked about all these religions. From the Wienclaw, reading this article gave some insight to really understand different types of religions because there could be things we can learn from their culture...
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...different religions in society today and around the world . Within Sweetman's Religion: Key Concepts in Philosophy, he categorizes religious diversity into three sections: exclusivism, pluralism, and inclusivism. In Sweetman's opinion, these three things are responses to the problem of religious diversity. Exclusivism, Sweetman describes, is the view that the path to salvation can be found in only one religion, Pluralism is the view that there are many different ways to salvation in the various world religions, and so, all religions have a certain legitmacy, and Inclusivism is the view that there is only one true way to salvation, but people from other religions will be able to reach salvation still. While reading both Hick and Sweetman's articles, you get the idea that religious diversity is a fact. For Instance, within Hick's article On Conflicting Religious Truth Claims, he states an example: “Christians believe that Jesus died on the cross, whilst Muslims believe that he only appeared to die”, with this example Hick shows us how different sets of religions consists of “differences of historical belief which carry significant theological implications”. This simply states how religious diversity is in fact, real and worldwide. However, in Sweetman's case, he feels religious diversity is a philospical “problem”, in the sense of exclusivism and plurlism. He feels as though religious exclusivism is that you can't possibly make an accurate judgement of which world religion is the...
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...Traditions REL/134 Elements of Religious Traditions Studying religion can enrich one’s life in many ways. First, it is important to understand the basic elements of religious traditions by focusing on important religious relationships, and critical issues in the study of religion. Important Religious Relationships There are many important relationships in religions. These include relationships with the divine, with sacred time, with sacred space and the natural world, and with other religions. The Divine An important part of religion is a relationship with the divine, or sacred reality, and can be presented in many different ways. In monotheistic religions, the divine is referred to as God. God is thought of as having power over the universe and is unlimited by ordinary reality. Pantheism sees nature as the divine, and believes that everything is connected to nature. Polytheism believes in many gods, usually in charge of different aspects of reality. For example, Poseidon was the Greek God of the sea while Aphrodite was the God of love (Molloy & Hilgers, Chapter 1, 2010). Sacred Time Religions that emphasize creation such as Christianity and Judaism believe that time is linear, with a beginning and an end. This makes time a valuable commodity because it is limited. Other religions such as Hinduism believe that time repeats itself in cycles. Emphasis on time is not as important in these religions, as they tend to focus on the present, rather than the future (Molloy...
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...Critical Thinking – PHI 210 12/14/2012 Religions are the Cause of War Most religions are not complex in their beliefs. There is a God and his angels or a hierarchy of deities to get to God. There is a heaven and a hell of sorts that the person will go to when they pass on. Most times this depends on how you treated your fellow man or what you did to show God how you felt about him. It’s a no brainer really, the whole “Do unto others as you have them do unto you” or a form of this is in every religion. Then let’s not forget the Messiah or Prophet. Every religion has one. The messiah/prophet was sent by God; a form of himself as human to save humanity from their evil ways. In some religions he was born of the virgin and in others he did not get his calling until he was older. They are more than life and do no wrong. They go throughout the world helping the poor. A Robin Hood if you will; who took from the rich to give to the poor. Religions are rooted and grounded in tradition and give people something to believe in. A “Higher Power”. The “Higher Power” gives a sense of direction. The church through religion gives guidance on how to live our lives and be better people. Regardless of religion or sect, the church brings people together for understanding of the religion and to pray. The church plays an important and is very influential role in the way people live or conduct their lives (Erwin, 2012). With most religions being around the same, the “same” meaning...
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...University of Phoenix Material Philosophy Matrix Field | Definition | Historical Developments | Schools Of Thought | Key Contributors | Principal Issues | Epistemology | The study of knowledge: What constitutes knowledge, the nature of knowledge, and whether knowledge is possible | Pre-Socratics observe and seek to define physical phenomena.Socrates studied human behavior and tried to determine the essential nature of knowledge.Aristotle sought to categorize his observations.The Scientific RevolutionNewtonian influencesFreudian influence | SkepticismRealismConceptualismNominalismEmpiricismRationalismAbsolute IdealismExistentialismPhenomenologyHermeneuticsStructuralismDeconstructionCritical TheoryPragmatismBehaviorismFunctionalism | ThalesAnaximanderAnaximenesLeucippusDemocritusSocratesPlatoAristotlePyrrhoDescartesLockeBerkeleyHumeKantHegelSchopenhauerKierkegaardNietzscheSartreHeideggerFoucaultDerridaRortyJamesDeweyRussell | What is knowledge?What can be known?Is knowledge possible?How do we attain knowledge?Can we trust our memory?How does language affect what we know? | Metaphysics | The study of being: The nature of being and what characteristics make up being | Plato developed the theory of forms and introduced skepticism about reality.Aristotle coined the word metaphysics.Augustine reconciled Platonism with Christianity.Aquinas reconciled Aristotle with Christianity.The Scientific RevolutionIntelligent design...
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...Bangladesh – German Development Cooperation PROGRESS House 10C, Road 90, Gulshan 2, Dhaka 1212, Bangladesh Tel: +880 2 9887567, Fax: +880 2 8813769 E-mail: progress@gtz.de,[->0] Websites: www.gtz.de[->1], www.gtz-progress.org[->2] Working Paper No – 6 A COMPARATIVE ANALYSIS BETWEEN THE BANGLADESH LABOR LAW 2006 AND 7 GENERAL CODES OF CONDUCT By Ameena Chowdhury Hanna Denecke Dhaka, October 21, 2007 PROGRESS (promotion of social, environmental and production standards in the ready-made garment sector) is a joint program of the Bangladesh Ministry of Commerce and the German Federal Ministry of Economic Cooperation and Development (BMZ), implemented by GTZ. Executive Summary The Readymade Garment (RMG) sector in Bangladesh is a highly export oriented sector and therefore extremely volatile to requirements of international buyers. Since the adherence to international social standards has become a mandatory requirement in the international business arena, the local suppliers have to be compliant to these standards in order to remain in business. There have been some significant revisions to the Bangladesh Labor Law in 2006. This newly revised law already covers a lot of the common standards like employment conditions, occupational health and safety issues as well as the ILO core labor standards. Besides being complaint...
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...For being so, they can follow two approaches such as Carroll’s four part model of CSR and stakeholder analysis. It has become a vital concern for the firms like shell to conduct CSR activities as they have to operate in an environment where they have to be economically viable as well as conforming to the legal laws, rights and obligations of the society. Not only the corporate social responsibility but also the stakeholder’s satisfaction can influence a great deal in the firm’s success. So, the stakeholder’s theory means a lot to the firms. Stakeholders can be internal as well as external. For applying those approaches, shell has to consider several analysis like cost benefit, life cycle analysis, environmental impact analysis, stakeholder matrix , segmentation analysis and so on. Finally, the company will get findings of taking one approaches as per the analysis to implement for being sustainable. * Contents Executive Summary 1 1 Introduction 3 2 For effective management of sustainability, these two approaches can be considered by the Shell Group as prescribed. The approaches are 4 2.1 Carroll’s four part model of CSR and Sustainability 4 2.1.1 Economic responsibilities 5 2.1.2 Legal responsibilities 5 2.1.3 Ethical responsibilities 5 2.1.4 Philanthropic responsibilitites 5 2.1.5 Criticism 6 2.2 Stakeholder theory 6 2.2.2 Criticism 8 3 Analysis for the application of chosen approaches for sustainable management 9 3.1 Analysis for Carroll’s...
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...The shift toward a more integrated and interdependent world economy is referred to as a) economic integration b) economic interdependency c) globalization d) internationalization The merging of historically distinct and separate national markets into one huge global marketplace is known as a) global market facilitation b) cross-border trade c) supranational market integration d) the globalization of markets Firms that are involved in international business tend to be a) large b) small c) medium-sized d) large, small, and medium-sized The correct answer is d. Which is not a factor of production? a) trade b) land c) capital d) energy The correct answer is a. The sourcing of good and services from around the world to take advantage of national differences in the cost and quality of factors of production is called a) economies of scale b) the globalization of production c) global integration d) global sourcing The correct answer is bWhich organization is responsible for policing the world trading system? a) the International Monetary Fund b) the United Nations c) the World Trade Organization d) the World Bank The correct answer is c. What is the single most important innovation to the globalization of markets and production? a) advances in transportation technology b) the development of the microprocessor c) advances in communication d) the Internet The correct answer is b. Which of the following trends is true? a) the United States is accounting...
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...Chapter1 Essay Questions 101. Compare and contrast strategic planning with strategic management. Strategic planning is more often used in the business world, whereas strategic management is often used in academia. Sometimes, strategic management is used to refer to strategy formulation, implementation and evaluation, with strategic planning referring only to strategy formulation. The purpose of strategic management is to exploit and create new and different opportunities for tomorrow; long-range planning, in contrast, tries to optimize for tomorrow the trends of today. Page: 5 102. Which stage in the strategic-management process is most difficult? Explain why. Strategy implementation is the most difficult stage in the strategic-management process because it requires personal discipline, commitment and sacrifice. Successful strategy implementation hinges upon managers’ ability to motivate employees, which is more of an art than a science. Page: 6 103. Explain the relationship between strategic management and competitive advantage for firms. How can a firm achieve sustained competitive advantage? Ans: Strategic management is all about gaining and maintaining competitive advantage. Competitive advantage is anything a firm does especially well compared to rival firms. When a firm can do something that rival firms cannot do, or owns something that rival firms desire, that can represent a competitive advantage. Getting...
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...------------------------------------------------- Why Teach? Why do teachers teach? It is a rather simple question, however the question, what is a teacher, must be addressed first. Merriam-Webster’s definition of a teacher is “one whose occupation is to instruct" (Merriam-Webster, 2008, para. 1). That is a rather one dimensional definition of a teacher, as teachers these days, offer so much more to the class than just the information. They offer themselves. A collective definition of a teacher, is someone who “yearns to help children learn, watch them grow, and make a meaningful difference in the world” (Teacher Support Network, 2007, para. 2). This definition must be the main reason as to why individuals pursue teaching as a career. Generally the pay is low to fair, but the overall rewards are much greater, for as a teacher one can touch the hearts of the young and open their minds in order to tap their thirst for knowledge. ------------------------------------------------- [edit]The Long Road Becoming a teacher is a lengthy process obtained by numerous routes, such as night school or attending a four year college. Regardless of the process it is important to obtain at least a Bachelors degree in the desired teaching area, as well as a teacher certification which should include clinical experience (Lewis, L., Parsad, B., Carey, N., Bartfai, N., Farris, E. & Smerdon, B., 1999, para. 3). The average starting salaries were about $31,704 in the year 2003-04, whereas the...
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...Chapter1 Essay Questions 101. Compare and contrast strategic planning with strategic management. Strategic planning is more often used in the business world, whereas strategic management is often used in academia. Sometimes, strategic management is used to refer to strategy formulation, implementation and evaluation, with strategic planning referring only to strategy formulation. The purpose of strategic management is to exploit and create new and different opportunities for tomorrow; long-range planning, in contrast, tries to optimize for tomorrow the trends of today. Page: 5 102. Which stage in the strategic-management process is most difficult? Explain why. Strategy implementation is the most difficult stage in the strategic-management process because it requires personal discipline, commitment and sacrifice. Successful strategy implementation hinges upon managers’ ability to motivate employees, which is more of an art than a science. Page: 6 103. Explain the relationship between strategic management and competitive advantage for firms. How can a firm achieve sustained competitive advantage? Ans: Strategic management is all about gaining and maintaining competitive advantage. Competitive advantage is anything a firm does especially well compared to rival firms. When a firm can do something that rival firms cannot do, or owns something that rival firms desire, that can represent a competitive advantage...
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...EXECUTIVE SUMMARY Multi-domestic organization needs a good corporate strategy as the basis to help them to compete successfully at a business level by adding values to the separate parts of the business or by using synergies or channeling resources between business units. This report on Whitbread will be oriented in answering this question: What market or businesses should whitbread invest in, including diversification in related activities, entering new market, new geographies and how much to invest in each business so as to maximise its long-run profitability? First, after giving the mission and vision of the company, we discuss the internal and external environment with relevant models. Secondly, the design formulation of the business portfolio strategy to answer our question and thirdly, we give a conclusion. This approach will help the corporate parent to use its core competencies in an effective and efficient manner to help its multi-domestic strategy to earn above-average returns. WHITBREAD ENVIRONMENT ANALYSIS 1. INTRODUCTION Established in 1742, Whitbread is one of the UK’s oldest and well-respected companies. The story really begins in August 1720 with the birth of Samuel Whitbread, who began his brewing apprenticeship in 1736, then founded his first brewery six years later. In 2001, Whitbread become the company it is today. They sold their breweries and left the pub and bar business, refocusing on the growth areas of hotels and restaurants. Their reinvention as...
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...International Journal of Communication 6 (2012), 2609–2627 1932–8036/20120005 Mapping the Nation and Security in Global Space: A Comparative Study of Danish, Egyptian, and U.S. Action-Adventure Fans KARIN GWINN WILKINS1 University of Texas at Austin This article explores how being an action-adventure fan resonates with articulations of national identity, attitudes toward other nations, and fear of global terrorism in the United States, Denmark, and Egypt. Action-adventure film relies on global Hollywood production, yet the reception of this genre works quite differently in the cultural contexts of communities and affinities of fans. Being an action-adventure fan appears to bear a close relationship with a tendency to exhibit fear of global terrorism and to conceptualize Americans as heroes, particularly among U.S. audiences. Danish and U.S. fans seem more likely to want to cast Egyptian characters as villains than their non-fan counterparts, whereas Egyptian fans prefer Danish characters to be villains. Limited characterizations in this genre inspire and reinforce the imagined scenarios of fans in which American heroes are justified in crucifying foreign villains. Keywords: action-adventure, political attitudes, United States, Denmark, Egypt This work explores how action-adventure fans based in Egypt, the United States, and Denmark map their own and others’ nations and fear of terrorism through their engagement with action-adventure film. Research on the potential...
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