...methodology, and reasoning behind comparative Old Testament studies. It then concludes with the principles and goals each student should possess as he or she studies the Old Testament. His synopsis of comparative Old Testament studies begins with the resurgence of Egyptian and Mesopotamian archaeological studies during the eighteenth and nineteenth centuries.[1] He then moves on to discuss the impact of Friedrich Delitzsch’s lectures concerning how the writers of the Old Testament borrowed from extrabiblical sources set the stage for many secular ideologies removing the special revelation aspect from the Bible. This allowed two things to take place. First, it brought out the comparative study of the Bible into a critical realm; and second, it made Assyriology, Egyptology, and Hittitology serious academic disciplines which have greatly enhanced modern man’s understanding of these ancient cultures. While Walton discusses several forms of Old Testament study, his opinion favors comparative studies. He starts with explaining the reasoning for sound methodological comparative study and moves on to answer the “why” it should be performed over other studies. In his view, it expands the student’s understanding of four culturally significant areas: language and literature, literary genre, religious practice, and theology. His conclusion provides ten specific principles which, in his opinion are the foundational matters of comparative studies. He ends this chapter...
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...In an attempt at analyzing born-again Christians, Harding focuses on the usage of religious rhetoric in the conversions of fundamentalist American Baptists. Harding analyzes a non-socialized link to converted adults, which is distinctly different than that of children. Harding emphasizes on the conversion process and the persuasive and interpersonal language that convinces susceptible people to convert. However, it is debatable if Harding was objective in her analysis. Her use of religious language, the structure of the essay, and the definitional usage of “disbelief” in comparison to “belief”, discredits Harding’s analysis. In order to be converted as a born-again Christian as an adult who wasn’t initially socialized into Baptist Christianity,...
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...Although many people see the values and teachings of Confucius as being religious, it is not a religion at all, but rather a spiritual tradition. One of the main reasons people see Confucianism as being a form of religions, is because all the core values are very similar to values in religion. Although it is not a religion, it can still be viewed as being spiritual. Confucius was a Chinese teacher, editor, politician, and philosopher of the spring and autumn period of Chinese history. Confucianism was important in Chinese history because it taught justice, sincerity, and that family units were important. It also taught that the government should be based on morals. Confucius believed that the human brain was not capable of understanding religion,...
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...1. What are some of the questions religion seeks to answer? Reflect on these deep metaphysical and ethical questions, and give an account of how you have tried to answer these questions, either through a theological or philosophical response. (For some of you this course may be your first opportunity to independently reflect on these deep rooted religions questions.) I think some of the questions religion seeks to answer are questions like: What happens after we die? Where did we originate from? How should we treat others and our surroundings? I have come to a current conclusion on not knowing for definite the answer to any of these questions. I have many thoughts on them. I think that maybe after we die our energy disperses and creates new beings in some fashion, not even necessarily beings but matter. I feel like maybe déjà vu occurs because we are compiled of energies from a million other beings/substances and it’s your energy remembering a similar situation. I think this out of the context that energy cannot be created or destroyed. I don’t know as if we will continue to have the same collection of consciousness or not. I would like to think we would because that’s a fun thought. I have spent a lot of time contemplating ideas such as these. I also don’t know where we originate. I understand our planet’s evolution and a bit beyond that. What I don’t understand (and probably never will) is what is beyond that. So, ok, we evolved through billions of years and I get that but...
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...thinking, and coping with the outside world she hadn't known about and her slowly failing faith proved to be intense. Her deep loneliness and an illness that had later been diagnosed as epilepsy, was something that marked her as an outsider completely. She saw herself as a complete failure as a nun, as an academic, and as a normal woman who was capable of intimacy. Her future seemed very much in question until she stumbled into comparative theology. What she found there in learning about other religions and comparing them to what she knew was a feeling that she had never known before. The...
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...Testament Introduction OBST 510 May 4, 2014 Part 1 – Comparative Studies Chapter 1: History and Methods History: Walton begins the chapter with the “rediscovery of Egypt which began in the eighteenth century AD and of Mesopotamia in the mid nineteenth century AD.” There were discoveries of tens of thousands of texts that were excavated, translated and studied. Many of these tablets and texts did coincide with the Bible. Walton outlines comparative study which is the study that attempts to understand things when compared to their broader cultural context. The goal in this case is to understand the Old Testament compared to the ANE. There have been many debates on comparative study and the way in which is executed. Comparative studies deal with the cultures, myths, religions, worldviews and literature of all the people living in the ANE. A comparative study acknowledges that cultures are separate, but that these separate cultures are aware of and understand the religions and rituals of the other surrounding cultures and at times even engages in those rituals. Many of the Scholars were so biased that they tended to argue for the importance of the Old Testament, or vice-versa defended the mythology concept of scripture so vehemently that the cultural comparison was lost. Not until Friedrich Delitzsch, who was the son of the famous biblical commentator Franz Delitzsch, did a more focused and unbiased approach to comparative study begin to take place. Delitzsch created controversy...
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...a background in investigative psychology and forensic. Thus, giving them the necessary skills and knowledge that is required to recognize the personal characteristics and traits of criminals based on the evidence on the crime scene. Therefore, it is correct to state that criminal profiling is an amalgamation of analyzing the behavioral and physical data, restructuring a crime from the creation to the end and hence approaching it with the most scientific determination probable with the information availed on the crime scene. According to (Holmes & Holmes 2002),...
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...bible would want to perform endless days of research and ability to see firsthand by reading Walton’s book. These areas covered in Walton’s book cover the time from when the Old Testament had begun to be written back in BC and later re-found along with other textual artifacts earth in the 18 and mid 19th century AD. The discoveries of both biblical, and other un-biblical artifacts is covered within Walton’s book to how and why some individuals who have a different form of religious beliefs. To how in the past the individual living during early Near Eastern thought processes had been in regards to God or in many cases when not Israeli or Christian involved gods which were based off an individual’s personal interpretation. Which then in many cases spawned a different form of religion, in many cases were based off an event which. The many different form of religious beliefs covered in stem from the mythological Near Eastern form of thought process. In addition, to the aspect of how such un-Christian aspects from the past being so different from Christian gave further need...
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...is truly karma in the Buddhist sense. Rebirth seems to be an integral idea of karma and someone’s reality is a reflection of their thoughts and actions, not just doing one thing wrong and getting reprimanded or chastised for it. The substance of the unconscious mind and pressures of desires unfulfilled, dreams unrealized, and incompletion of the soul’s mission to the ultimate afterlife are the keys to karma. The human potential for spiritual and personal growth aids in making karma into wisdom, understanding and virtue. It seems that a Buddhist’s life and character were created by karma and that shaped by imagination and intelligence. I believe they think it is paramount for individuals to achieve a clearer understanding of their personal karma to find out what triggers it and what resolves it so they may actualize their potential and become finally free. In the good sense, karma can inspire change and it spreads good since the belief that everything a person does actively contributes to their past, present and future experiences. It isn’t necessarily about what is good or bad, but the cause and effect nature; doing good leads to more good. This cycle of cause and effect is the summation of all that an individual has done, is doing and will do. Karma makes someone responsible for their own life and the pain in others. Because of the belief of reincarnation, one’s karma is extended throughout all their lives. This natural, impersonal law of moral cause and effect seems to...
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...According to the writer there are many reasons for the growth of Pentecostal movement among these :- it fulfilled the human need it can be economic problems, anxiety about death, psychological or the need for security in an unstable world through random and strategic designed social ministries, It also provide order, stability and hope to their lives. Moreover Pentecostalism emphasized an immediate personal experience of God’s power by his Spirit; it is more intuitive and emotions. Worship also another factor that touches the emotions and felling, healing also takes place. This persuades peoples that as Christianity is true. Pentecostalism tackle old margin between science and religion by giving reasonable explanation to the world view. Finally the new theoretical idea helps the growth which attempted to account for the comparative prosperity of religion. it create a market place for religion They frequently read their bible and surrounded their activities with prayer Task 2 In this writing I am going to discusses about Karl Marx view on religion. He viewed religion as an “opiate” that took the edge off the pain of life”. I am partly agreed on the view. First...
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... Jewish Immigrants from Minsk, Russia which is now Belarus. When Wouk was 13 his grandfather, Rabbi Mendel Leib Levin, arrived from Russia and took charge of Wouk’s religious Education. Judaism would become both his personal life and career. Wouk went to attend Columbia University, graduating in 1934 with a B.A. in comparative Literature and Philosophy. During his time at Columbia he edited college humor magazine, The Jester, and wrote several variety shows. He really enjoyed...
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...A religion is an organized collection of beliefs, cultural systems, and world views that relate humanity to an order of existence.[note 1] Many religions have narratives, symbols, and sacred histories that aim to explain the meaning of life, the origin of life, or the Universe. From their beliefs about the cosmos and human nature, people may derive morality, ethics, religious laws or a preferred lifestyle. Many religions may have organized behaviors, clergy, a definition of what constitutes adherence or membership, holy places, and scriptures. The practice of a religion may include rituals, sermons, commemoration or veneration (of a deity, gods, or goddesses), sacrifices, festivals, feasts, trances, initiations, funerary services, matrimonial services, meditation, prayer, music, art, dance, public service, or other aspects of human culture. Religions may also contain mythology.[1] The word religion is sometimes used interchangeably with faith or set of duties;[2] however, in the words of Émile Durkheim, religion differs from private belief in that it is "something eminently social".[3] A global 2012 poll reports 59% of the world's population as "religious" and 36% as not religious, including 13% who are atheists, with a 9% decrease in religious belief from 2005.[4] On average, women are "more religious" than men.[5] Some people follow multiple religions or multiple religious principles at the same time, regardless of whether or not the religious principles they follow traditionally...
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...Elements of Religious Traditions In striving to understand religious traditions it is important to understand what religion is. The common translation of religion is “to join again,” “to reconnect” (Molloy, 2010, p. 5). Religion cannot be accurately defined with a single definition because there are many differences. Most definitions found in dictionaries are not completely accurate or complete. Dictionary definitions according to Molloy, 2010, p. 5, indicates religion is a belief system that consists of the worship of a single God or multiple gods, ceremony, ethical and moral code, and prayer. To define better religion one should identify the characteristics commonly found and accepted as religions (Molloy, 2010, p. 5). To identify the elements of religious traditions one must explain religious traditions relationship with the divine, sacred time, sacred space, and their relationship with each other. Scholars believe the following eight elements are commonly found in most religions (Molloy, 2010, pgs. 6-7): * Belief System * Community * Central Myths * Rituals * Ethics * Characteristic Emotional Experiences * Material Expression * Sacredness Understanding the key critical issues in the study of religion will help one understand that there is a vast number of religions with a vast number of beliefs (Johnson, 2013). Religions Relationship with the Divine To identify religious traditions relationship with the divine, one must be acquainted...
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...ARTS Group Institute Bangladesh Islami University Narayangonj Govt. Mohila College Fatullah Pilot High School Result CGPA 3.91 (on a scale of 4) GPA 4.80 Passing Year 2013 2008 ARTS Group GPA 4.00 2006 Other Qualification IT knowledge on the followings: Operating System So familiar and have working experience with following operating systems -Windows XP/Vista/7. -Familiar with latest internet technologies. Package Program Have most working knowledge Microsoft Office package -Word, Power point, Excel. Communication Skills Fluent in Bangla and English-both verbal and written. Knowledge in all sorts of business and commercial correspondence as well as writing reports and dealing with multimedia presentation. Leadership Skills: Have the ability to work independently as well as in team. Have the experience to manage small to medium range of team. Can work with people of all level and motivate them to get things done. Posses’ analytical abilities of problem solving. Have ability to do work under pressure/any circumstances. Areas of Interest: IT related field HRM SME Women Entrepreneurship. Project Work: Completed a Survey Paper, Comparative study on “SPA drinking water and MUM drinking water” we find out which is more hygienic and...
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...not only disregard a certain religion, but are also highly violent in nature. Many high-profile cases have been reported: Arson of the Daejeokgwangjeon of Geumsansa Temple in 1986; the destruction of a stone pagoda and lantern of Okcheonam Temple in Hongeun-dong in 1989; the damaging of the Tangible Cultural Asset No. 17 stone-carved Buddha Statue in 1989; the enclosing of a shrine and burning of a Buddha statue by an army officer in Siheung, Gyeonggi-do in 1993; the arrest of a pastor and his fellows by local police officers for destroying a Buddha statue in Thailand in 1994; a Buddhist accidently killed while he was trying to prevent a Christian from intruding into a Buddhist monastery to distribute Christian missionary materials in 1996; the destruction, damage of 750 Buddha statues in Jeju by a Christian (named Kim) in his attempt to transform Wonmyeong Temple into a church in 1998; the damaging of the Buddha statue at Dongguk University in 2000; and the frenzy over a video clip about missionary students doing a performance involving stepping on the Bongeun Temple site in 2010. These are only a portion of the total incidents that mainstream media has reported. If taking into consideration unreported cases, the list would go on much longer. The fact that such violence continuously arises implies the possibility that far more serious incidents may occur in the future. In Korea, Christianity and Buddhism are the two major pillars of religion for the nation - a...
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