...Introduction Reproductive life planning includes all the decision an individual or couple make about having children (2007, Pillitteri). It is important for the health of children that as many pregnancies as possible be intended, because when a pregnancy is unintended, the mother is less likely to seek prenatal check, less likely to breast feed and less careful to protect the fetus from harmful substances. An individual’s or a couple’s choice of contraceptive method should be made carefully, with complete knowledge about advantages, disadvantages, and side effects of the various options. Important things to consider include the following: * Personal values * Ability to use a method correctly * How the method will affect sexual enjoyment * Financial factors * Status of a couple’s relationship * Prior experiences * Future plans The widespread use of contraceptives points to both an increased awareness of responsibility for contraception and options available. Understanding this concept, its work and how they compare in terms of benefits and disadvantages is necessary for successful counseling. Legal and ethical issues must also be considered when counseling clients. The arguments about contraception fall into several groups: * philosophical arguments such as the "natural law" argument * arguments based on different ideas of marriage, sex and the family * human rights arguments such as * 'procreative liberty' * a woman's right to...
Words: 15541 - Pages: 63
...កលវិទយល័យភូមិនទភនំេពញ ROYAL UNIVERSITY OF PHNOM PENH Youth’s Perspective on Sexual and Reproductive Health ទស នវិសយរបស់យវវ័យេលើសខភពបន្តពូជ និង សុខភពផ្លូវេភទ ័ ុ ុ Research Report In Partial Fulfilment of the Requirement For the Degree of Master of Arts in Social Work HEAK MORINA August 2011 កលវិទយល័យភូមនភេពញ ិ ទ នំ កលវិទយល័យអុី ៉ ្រស្តី Royal University of Phnom Penh In Cooperation with Ewha Womans University Youth’s Perspective on Sexual and Reproductive Health ទស នវិសយរបស់យវវ័យេលើសខភពបន្តពូជ និង សុខភពផ្លូវេភទ ័ ុ ុ Research Report In Partial Fulfilment of the Requirement For the Degree of Master of Arts in Social Work HEAK MORINA Examination committee: Dr. Erica Y. Auh (Chairperson) Dr. Choong Rai Nho Prof. Kim Sovankiry August 2011 កលវិទយល័យភូមិនទភនំេពញ Royal University of Phnom Penh Faculty of Social Sciences and Humanities Department of Social Work Youth’s Perspective on Sexual and Reproductive Health ទស នវិសយរបស់យវវ័យេលើសខភពបន្តពូជ និង សុខភពផ្លូវេភទ ័ ុ ុ Research Report In Partial Fulfilment of the Requirement For the Degree of Master of Arts in Social Work Supervisor Prof. Soon Dool Chung Sponsored by EWHA Womans Univerity August, 2011 កលវិទយល័យភូមិនទភនំេពញ Royal University of Phnom Penh Faculty of Social Sciences and Humanities Department of Social Work TO WHOM IT MAY CONCERN Name of program: Master Program of Social Work Major in Social Work Name of Candidate: Title of thesis: HEAK Morina Youth’s Perspective on Sexual and Reproductive Health...
Words: 9740 - Pages: 39
...Laguna The Impact of Abortion to the Physical and Psychological Behavior of a Woman Presented to: Mrs. Lorena H. Bernardino Presented by: Sinag, Ma. Victoria C. English IV 16 February 2015 Sinag i Sinag i Outline Thesis statement: Physical changes and psychological implication of aborting pregnancy of women. I. What is the Abortion? A. Meaning of abortion B. Origin of abortion C. Method of aborting D. Types of abortion E. What drive a woman to abort their pregnancy? II. After Effects of Abortion A. Physical B. Psychological III. Prevention to reduce abortion A. Good Policies B. Good Politics IV. Conclusion V. Bibliography Sinag 1 Sinag 1 The Impact of Abortion to the Physical and Psychological Behavior of a Woman Introduction Many women, not only in the Philippines aborting their pregnancy because of economical or financial factor. In this study the researchers aiming to give information what is the physical and psychological behavior implication of aborting pregnancy. What is the process of abortion and reasons why a women needs to abort their pregnancy. In this study, the researcher also sited some prevention to avoid women pregnancy abortion, especially in the Philippines. Abortion is the ending of pregnancy by the removal or forcing out from the womb of a fetus or embryo before it is able to survive on its own. An abortion can occur spontaneously...
Words: 7096 - Pages: 29
...Understanding Filipino Adolescents: Research Gaps and Challenges JOSEFINA V. CABIGON, PH.D.* ABSTRACT Maiksi subalit masalimuot ang panahon ng kabataan sa buhay ng tao. Ang suliranin ng pagsasaayos sa mga problemang kaakibat nito ay nangangailangan ng ganap na pag-unawa sa kabataang Pilipino ng kasalukuyang panahon. Nais ibahagi ng papel na ito ang pagtutukoy sa mga mahahalagang isyu na karaniwang di natugunan sa mga nauna nang pag-aaral. Ilan sa mga suliraning pampananalikssik ay binigyang pansin at inaasahang mapupunan ang mga puwang na patuloy pa ring naiiwan sa larangan. Ang mga kakulangang nais tugunan ay ang mga sumusunod na usapin: pagkakaisa sa pagpapakahulugan sa konsepto ng “kabataan” at sekswalidad; di-kumpletong datos ukol sa ugnayan ng bilang ng kabataan at bilang ng kabuuang populasyon; antas ng kamalayan ng mga stakeholders at kabataan mismo tungkol sa paglaki ng bilang ng huli; ang pangangailangan ng mga stakeholders ng napapanahon at bagong pagkaunawa tungkol sa antas, mga tagapagtakda, at kahihinatnan ng sekswalidad ng kabataan, pati ng kanilang fertility at reproductive health; at, ang kanilang kamalayan at pakikilahok sa mga gawaing panlipunan. Ilan sa mga rekomendasyon ay ang pagkakaroon ng pambansang sarbey sa mga bagong erya ng pag-aaaral kaakibat ang kwalitatibong pananaliksik, pananaliksik pampatakaran (policy research) at operations research. Ang artikulo ay isang pagtatangka sa paghahanap ng mga pamamaraan upang maimulat sa mga kabataan at sa...
Words: 7946 - Pages: 32
...Teenage Pregnancy Unit Teenage pregnancy: an overview of the research evidence Introduction In 1999 the government’s ten-year national Teenage Pregnancy Strategy was launched. The main aims of the strategy are to: • Reduce the rate of teenage conceptions with the specific aim of halving the rate of conceptions among under-18s, and to set a firmly established downward trend in the rate of conceptions among under-16s, by 2010 • Increase the participation of teenage parents in education, training and employment to 60% by 2010, to reduce their risk of long-term social exclusion. This briefing presents headline findings from key research relating to teenage pregnancy and parenthood which has emerged (mainly) since the launch of the strategy. The topics covered include research on young people’s sexual behaviour; sources of sex and relationships information; what works in preventing teenage pregnancy; who is at risk of becoming a teenage parent; how to support teenage parents, and many more. It draws on a range of sources including systematic reviews of the effectiveness of prevention and support interventions, national surveys and primary research studies. The emphasis is on the UK and specifically English research. It was compiled by Catherine Dennison, Research Manager supporting the Teenage Pregnancy Unit. Although not representing a systematic or exhaustive search of the published literature, the briefing is intended to be of use to those engaged in implementing the Teenage...
Words: 7408 - Pages: 30
...Teenage Pregnancy Unit Teenage pregnancy: an overview of the research evidence Introduction In 1999 the government’s ten-year national Teenage Pregnancy Strategy was launched. The main aims of the strategy are to: • Reduce the rate of teenage conceptions with the specific aim of halving the rate of conceptions among under-18s, and to set a firmly established downward trend in the rate of conceptions among under-16s, by 2010 • Increase the participation of teenage parents in education, training and employment to 60% by 2010, to reduce their risk of long-term social exclusion. This briefing presents headline findings from key research relating to teenage pregnancy and parenthood which has emerged (mainly) since the launch of the strategy. The topics covered include research on young people’s sexual behaviour; sources of sex and relationships information; what works in preventing teenage pregnancy; who is at risk of becoming a teenage parent; how to support teenage parents, and many more. It draws on a range of sources including systematic reviews of the effectiveness of prevention and support interventions, national surveys and primary research studies. The emphasis is on the UK and specifically English research. It was compiled by Catherine Dennison, Research Manager supporting the Teenage Pregnancy Unit. Although not representing a systematic or exhaustive search of the published literature, the briefing is intended to be of use to those engaged in implementing the Teenage...
Words: 7408 - Pages: 30
...A NEW BIRTH OF FREEDOM?: OBERGEFELL V. HODGES Kenji Yoshino The decision in Obergefell v. Hodges1 achieved canonical status even as Justice Kennedy read the result from the bench. A bare majority held that the Fourteenth Amendment required every state to perform and to recognize marriages between individuals of the same sex.2 The majority opinion ended with these ringing words about the plaintiffs: “Their hope is not to be condemned to live in loneliness, excluded from one of civilization’s oldest institutions. They ask for equal dignity in the eyes of the law. The Constitution grants them that right.”3 While Obergefell’s most immediate effect was to legalize same-sex marriage across the land, its long-term impact could extend far beyond this context. To see this point, consider how much more narrowly the opinion could have been written. It could have invoked the equal protection and due process guarantees without specifying a formal level of review, and then observed that none of the state justifications survived even a deferential form of scrutiny. The Court had adopted this strategy in prior gay rights cases.4 Instead, the Court issued a sweeping statement that could be compared to Loving v. Virginia,5 the 1967 case that invalidated bans on in––––––––––––––––––––––––––––––––––––––––––––––––––––––––––––– Chief Justice Earl Warren Professor of Constitutional Law, New York University School of Law. I gratefully acknowledge receiving financial support from...
Words: 15849 - Pages: 64
...respect this planet as best you can -- either as literally or metaphorically in their lyrics as they can. You all know some of the big Earth anthems, like Michael Jackson's "Earth Song" and Marvin Gaye's "Mercy Mercy Me", so we're adding 13 more infamous songs dedicated to the world and keeping it sustainable to this special Earth Day playlist. #GoGreen! No. | Learning Intention | Success Criteria | √ or x | 1 | Understand the relevance of the EUP topic to produce an effective title page | Uni/Multistructural:I can identify the five key environmental issuesI can define sustainabilityI can define key terms relevant to EUP | | | | | | | | | | | | Relational:I can explain my perspective on environmental issuesI can compare & contrast sustainability with non-sustainability | | | | Extended Abstract:I can...
Words: 5376 - Pages: 22
...Pergamon English for SpecificPurposes, Vol. 16, No. 2, pp. 119-138, 1997 © 1997 The AmericanUniversity.Published by ElsevierScience Ltd All rights reserved. Printed in Great Britain 08894906/97 $17.00+0.00 PIh S0889-4906(90)00019-1 T h e M e d i c a l R e s e a r c h Paper: S t r u c t u r e and Functions K evin Ngozi N w o g u A bstract--Studies i nto the organization of information in the medical research p aper have tended to present accounts of the structure of information in s ections in isolation. The structure of information in all sections of the medical r esearch paper was investigated using Swales' (1981, 1990) genre-analysis m odel. An eleven-move schema was identified, out of which nine were found t o be "normally required" and two "optional". Each schema was found to e mbody "constituent elements" and to be characterized by distinct linguistic f eatures. The study provides insights into the nature of discourse organization in this genre of written discourse. © 1997 The American University. Published b y Elsevier Science Ltd I ntroduction A s with most experimental research reports, the medical research paper is a highly technical form with a standard format for the presentation of i nformation. This format is the division of the paper into "Introduction, M ethods, Results and Discussion" - - the traditional IMRD sections of the r esearch paper. M ost research article writers are familiar with the IMRD format, but not all are conscious...
Words: 9805 - Pages: 40
...'Vhat'Ve Can't A Guide J. Budzisze wski WHAT WE CAN’T NOT KNOW J. BUDZISZEWSKI WHAT WE CAN’T NOT KNOW A Guide Revised and Expanded Edition IGNATIUS PRESS SAN FRANCISCO First edition published by Spence Publishing Company, Dallas, Texas ©2003 by J. Budziszewski All rights reserved Cover illustration: Comstock/Fotosearch.com Cover design by Sam Torode ©2004 Spence Publishing Company Used by permission Published in 2011 by Ignatius Press, San Francisco ©2003, 2011 J. Budziszewski All rights reserved ISBN 978-1-58617-481-1 Library of Congress Control Number 2010927673 Printed in the United States of America To my grandparents Julian and Janina Budziszewski, long departed, not forgotten The mind of man is the product of live Law; it thinks by law, it dwells in the midst of law, it gathers from law its growth; with law, therefore, can it alone work to any result. —George MacDonald CONTENTS PREFACE TO THE SECOND EDITION A New Phase of an Old Tradition ix PREFACE TO THE FIRST EDITION Whom This Book Is For xix ACKNOWLEDGMENTS xxiii INTRODUCTION The Moral Common Ground 3 I THE LOST WORLD Things We Can’t Not Know 1 2 What It Is That We Can’t Not Know 3 Could We Get By Knowing Less? II EXPLAINING THE LOST WORLD 4 The First and Second Witnesses 5 The Third and Fourth Witnesses 6 Some Objections vii 19 29 54 83 93 116 viii WHAT WE CAN’T NOT KNOW III HOW THE LOST WORLD WAS LOST 7...
Words: 89540 - Pages: 359
...Constitutional Law II Tebbe Spring 08 4 Equality and the Constitution 4 Class 1: Slavery and the Constitution 4 1. The Original Constitution 4 2. State v. Post 4 3. Dred Scott v. Sandford (1857) 4 4. Reconstruction 5 5. Post-Reconstruction Cases 6 Class 2: The Advent of American Constitutional Law: Brown 7 6. RACIAL EQUALITY 7 7. Brown I (1954) The segregation of children in public schools based solely on race violates the Equal Protection Clause. 7 2. Brown II 8 3. What was the constitutional harm in Brown? 8 4. THEORY 8 5. Subsequent School Desegregation 9 Class 3: Local Efforts to Desegregate: Parents Involved 11 6. Parents Involved 11 Class 4: Rational Basis Review: Cleburne, Romer, etc. 13 2. Tiers of Scrutiny 13 3. Beazer (1979) 13 4. Moreno (1973) 14 5. Cleburne (1985) 14 6. Romer (1996) 15 7. Nordlinger (1992) and Allegheny Pittsburgh (1989) 16 8. Lee Optical (1955) 17 Class 5: Racial Classifications and Heightened Scrutiny: Strauder, Korematsu, Loving 17 9. Heightened Scrutiny Analysis 17 10. Strauder (1880) 17 11. Korematsu (1944) 18 12. Loving (1967) 19 13. Theories Supporting Strict Scrutiny of Racial Classifications 20 14. Tiers of Scrutiny 20 15. Tiers of Scrutiny Table 21 Class 6: Facially Neutral Classifications: Washington v. Davis 21 16. Types of Discrimination (from Fall) 21 X. Disparate...
Words: 52904 - Pages: 212
...[Enter Document Title] Foundations of the U.S. Legal System Prof. William Ewald Contributors Wim De Vlieger Suvitcha Nativivat Alasdair Henderson Ana Carolina Kliemann Alexey Kruglyakov Rafael A. Rosillo Pasquale Siciliani Paul Lanois Gloria M. Gasso Kamel Ait El Hadj Yuanyuan Zheng Ana L. Marquez Pumthan Chaichantipyuth Wenzhen Dai Penn Law Summer 2006 I. Introduction and Historical Background A. What the course will cover? This is not an introductory course. You are all lawyers; I shall assume a good deal of professional expertise, and that many of you already have a body of knowledge about American law. The task: prepare you for the coming year, give you the basic grounding that you will need for the courses you are going to start taking in September. For this, you need two things: ♥ A great deal of basic factual information about how the courts and the legal system function, and about basic legal concepts (and legal vocabulary); ♥ But more importantly: background information about some of the critical ways in which the American legal system is unique, and differs from legal systems elsewhere in the world. This is hard: often you will find that your professors or fellow‐students will make assumptions or presuppose certain ways of doing things that aren’t explained in class. A large goal of this course is to explain those assumptions...
Words: 43059 - Pages: 173
...circulation by RAND National Security Research Division but have not been formally edited or peer reviewed. Unless otherwise indicated, working papers can be quoted and cited without permission of the author, provided the source is clearly referred to as a working paper. RAND’s publications do not necessarily reflect the opinions of its research clients and sponsors. is a registered trademark. Preface In this paper we compare the recent and likely future demographic situations in China and India and their implications. This is a background paper for the chapter, “Population Trends in China and India: Demographic Dividend or Demographic Drag?. in the RAND report, China And India, 2025: A Comparative Assessment, MG-1009OSD, by Charles Wolf, Jr., Siddhartha Dalal, Julie DaVanzo, Eric V. Larson, Alisher R. Akhmedjonov, Harun Dogo, Meilinda Huang, and Silvia Montoya, and contains some of material referenced therein. The RAND report was done under the sponsorship of the Office of Net Assessment with the objective of understanding how China and India will compare to one another in 2020-2025 with regards to demographics, economic growth, science and technology and military spending. This research was conducted within the RAND Center for Asia Pacific Policy, part of International Programs at the RAND Corporation. The center aims to improve public policy by providing decisionmakers and the public with rigorous, objective research on critical policy issues...
Words: 23169 - Pages: 93
...A09-04-0012 Wal-Mart Stores Inc.: Dominating Global Retailing Mr. Lee Scott could afford the look of confidence. He had just spoken to investment analysts about the phenomenal results from the second quarter of 2003. Despite the general weakness in the world economy and the uncertain environment that prevailed, Wal-Mart had reported sales growth of 11%, amounting to $6.4 billion. The company’s associates were indeed doing the Wal-Mart cheer in faraway places like Germany, South Korea, China, and the United Kingdom. In three decades, it had grown from its rural Arkansas roots to become the world’s largest company, and quite possibly the most powerful retailer. The meteoric growth did bring with it a fair share of problems. At a macro level, there had always been questions about the ability of Wal-Mart to sustain the pace of growth it had demonstrated in recent years. Once the company vaulted over the $200 billion level in annual sales, it was clear that incremental growth would be challenging. There was a nationwide backlash against big-box retailers, and Wal-Mart was front and center in that controversy. Some of the upstart chains such as Dollar General were gearing up to nip at the heels of Wal-Mart. They claimed that customers felt lost inside the cavernous stores of Wal-Mart and that they would gladly shop at Dollar General stores, which, although much smaller, offered comparable low prices. The emerging markets that held a lot of promise were being bitterly contested by...
Words: 9840 - Pages: 40
...What about Violence in Movies? Manabu Ozawa from Japan |[pic] | | |PHOTO BY THOMAS PETERS | | |"Action movies with violence take heat from adults who blame | | |them for real life violence because they are closer to reality | | |than other movies." | | "The question whether movie violence should be regulated or not is a difficult and complicated matter." Although many people criticize violent movies, if there is a movie which does not contain sex and violence, who will go to see that movie? Most major movies, such as "Lethal Weapon", "Die Hard", and "Independence Day", were really popular in spite of the fact that the "good guy" killed more people than the "bad guy" did. In my opinion, Hollywood tends to produce few kinds of movies--action, panic, love story, and comedy. Whenever I watch a movie or a video, there is at least one murder in each movie. The biggest number of deaths are in the panic movies, in my opinion. Action movies with violence take heat from adults who blame them for real life violence because they are closer to reality than other movies. For example, in "Natural Born Killers" we can see around 50 deaths, whereas in "Independence Day" thousands of people die. In both movies, tons of people are killed, though the ways to kill are different. The big difference between them is about reality. |[pic] ...
Words: 20424 - Pages: 82
