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CASH COMPENSATION
Base wage is a cash compensation that an employer pays for the work performed.
It reflects the value of the work or skill and ignores difference attributable to individual employees. Some pay system set base wage as a function of the skill and education an employee possesses.
MERIT PAY/ COST OF LIVING
Periodic adjustments to base wage may be made on the basis of changes in what other employers are paying for the same work, changes in the overall cost of living or changes in experience or skill.
Merit increases are given as increments to the base pay in recognition of past work behaviour. An assessment of past performance is usually made with or without a formal performance evaluation. In contrast to merit pay, cost-of living adjustment is given to everyone, regardless to their performance.
INCENTIVES
Incentives may be long- term as well as short-term
Incentives ties pay increases directly to performance. However, incentives differ from merit adjustments. Incentives do not increase the base wage, and so must be re-earned each pay period. Also the potential size of the incentive payment will generally be known before hand. Example of incentive payment is COMMISSIONS
Incentives can be tied to the performance of an individual employee, a team of employees, a total business unit or to a combination of individual, team and unit.
The performance objective may be expense reduction, volume increases customer satisfaction, revenue growth, return on investments, increase in stock value.
Incentives are referred to as variable pay because they do not permanently increase labour cost, and when performances decrease incentives automatically declines.

LONG-TERM INCENTIVES
These are intended to focus employee effort on multiyear results. They are typically in the form of stock ownership or options to buy stocks at specified, advantageous prices.

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