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Competency Differences Adn Verses Bsn

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Running head: COMPETENCY DIFFERENCES ADN VERSES BSN

Competency Differences Between The Associate Degree Nurse and The Baccalaureate Degree Nurse
Kris Scott Grand Canyon University Nursing 430 Professional Dynamics June 8, 2014

The purpose of this paper is to discuss the differences in competencies and decision making skills of nurses that are prepared at an Associate Degree level (ADN) verses those prepared at a Baccalaureate Degree level (BSN).
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Competency Differences Between The Associate Degree Nurse and The Baccalaureate Degree Nurse

The typical ADN program is usually 2-3 years, whereas the BSN program is 4 years. While both programs competently make use of technical skills and provide general nursing care, the “baccalaureate programs emphasize evidence-based clinical practice and leadership through coursework that includes research, statistics, population-based care, nursing management, and the humanities.” (Haverkamp & Ball, 2013) Long debated is the entry level educational requirements for the nursing profession; evidence has proven that higher education levels ultimately leads to safer and more efficient care. The American Association of Colleges of Nursing (AACN) reviewed and discussed 8 different studies that linked higher education to safer care. These studies showed a “decrease in mortality rates” as well as “fewer medication errors” (AACN Fact sheet, 2013). These studies were not just limited to the United States but also included research conducted in Canada. The results were conclusive in all studies. BSN prepared nurses have the ability to effectively use critical thinking skills to care for their patients holistically. It involves problem solving beyond that which is obviously seen. This is favorable in that it can prevent adverse events by foreseeing them long before they surface. Along with being educationally prepared these competencies are improved and enhanced with experience. A patient care situation that I was just recently confronted with was a 39 year old male patient that was admitted to my unit with respiratory failure. He was admitted on a mechanical ventilator. He had a history of Congestive Heart Failure, Obesity and Asthma. This patient was previously admitted for the same problem seven months prior. The primary focus (as an ADN) was stabilizing the patient. Which included but was not limited to managing the ventilator, monitoring vitals and monitoring for appropriate administration of sedation medication. The BSN role would include all the above mentioned but would be more in-depth and include a more comprehensive look at the patient. The focus would include finding out why this patient is in respiratory failure. Which would include looking at his history and seeing if there was a contributory link to the respiratory failure. Another in-depth role of the BSN would be to develop the plan of care which would include discharge planning and teaching. As I did my research I found that the patient’s respiratory failure was a result of an exacerbation of his congestive heart failure. I further found out that the patient was non-compliant with his prescribed home medications. Then the question goes deeper into why is this patient noncompliant with his medications. His noncompliance was partly due to his lack of insurance and partly due to his attitude of just not wanting to take any medications. He felt as though he was “too young to take all those medications” in reality there were only three medications that he was prescribed to take. So after looking at what was currently happening with the patient and looking at the contributing history then it was time to tie in his family. I was able to get his aunt to commit to being his care partner. Being his care partner consisted of a verbal contract whereby she was to check in with him from time to time and be a part of our teaching session. As per her word she was there when I did his teaching before he was discharged out of ICU. He was very receptive to the teaching and agree to be more proactive about his health. I also got social work involved to see about helping him with the cost of his medication and to provide information regarding insurance. The primary reason for the ADN program being established was to counteract the nursing shortage. This program was considered “technical” whereas the BSN was considered “professional” (Montag,1963). With there still being such a great demand for nurses, if the ADN program is eliminated it would further increase the shortage in the nursing field. There are mixed feeling in regards to what the educational requirements should be for entrance into the nursing profession. On one hand, the ADN program adequately prepares a nurse for bedside care. On the other hand, with the current evidence showing better patient outcomes and being that nurses are patient advocate, it is essential that we advocate for higher education. I like the concept behind Nursing 2015. Nursing 2015 was an organization in Ohio that was comprised of 4 different organizations that merged into one. Their objective was to get laws in place which stated that once you obtain your initial state nursing license, within 10 years you must (at minimum) complete your BSN (Nursing 2015: Transforming the Future of Nursing in Ohio) In conclusion, the argument that entrance into the nursing profession should be a baccalaureate degree will continue, and so will the research studies that proves that there is a direct link between higher education and better patient outcomes (AACN Fact sheet, 2013). It has been shown time and time again that there is a difference in the level and quality of care delivered by ADN nurse verses the BSN nurse.

References

American Association of Colleges of Nursing (AACN) Fact Sheet. (2013). : Creating a More

Highly Qualified Nursing Workforce. Retrieved June 6, 2014. from

http://www.aacn.nche.edu/media-relations/NursingWorkforce.pdf Haverkamp, J. J., & Ball, K. (2013). BSN in 10: What Is Your Opinion?. AORN Journal, 98(2), 144-152. doi:10.1016/j.aorn.2013.06.006
Montag ,M. (1963). Technical education in nursing? American Journal of Nursing. 63, 5. 100-
105
Nursing 2015: Transforming the Future of Nursing in Ohio (n.d.). Retrieved June 5, 2014. from http://nursing2015.wordpress.com/brochure/

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