...This short paper will cover the trait of independence, and it will answer a few questions posed to look at the trait of independence from a few different angles. These angles include personal definitions of the trait and how a person should be able to demonstrate that trait. The paper will cover how the AICPA looks at Independence, how the State of Texas vies this trait, and a look at a current article showing the impacts of the trait independence. Upon the conclusion of this paper the reader will have a better understanding of how independence in accounting is defined and how to identify it As we see defined in our class text on page 162 is that independence is defined as, "the state of mind that permits the performance of an attest service without being affected by influences that compromise professional judgment, thereby allowing an individual to act with integrity and professional skepticism. To appear to be independent, the CPA should avoid circumstances that might cause an informed third party to reasonably conclude that the integrity, objectivity, or professional skepticism of a firm or member of the audit (attest) engagement team has been compromised." Within the frame work of my own personal definition I define independence as having the ability to have both the personal courage and institutional ability to analyze, state conclusions, and act in the best interests of the public. As pulled from http://www.tsbpa.state.tx.us/firms/alt-business-structure.html on...
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...The first scientist who created life, do you think he would be the most important character in the novel? Yes, Victor Frankenstein is the most important character in the novel Frankenstein. One reason why victor is the most important character thus far is because he was introduced at the very beginning of the story. "It was, in fact, a sledge , like that we had seen before, which had drifted towards us on a large fragment of ice. Only one dog remained alive; but there was a human being within it whom the sailors were persuading to enter the vessel" shows that Victor was introduced by boarding Robert Walton's ship. This connects to my topic of why he is the most important character because since he is introduced at the beginning readers will infer that he is a main character. Another reason why he is an important character is because his thoughts and emotions have been mentioned multiple times throughout chapters 1-10. One example of when his emotions were mentioned was on page 43 when Victor says "I had desired it with an ardour that far exceeded moderation;but now that i had finished, the beauty of the dream vanished, and breathless horror and disgust filed my heart" (Shelley,43). This relates to my topic because the book has mentioned his emotions and feelings more then it has for any other character. Throughout chapters one through 10 different aspects of Victor's life are shown. For example, his family, childhood...
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...Critical Thinking Essay We have many different levels of thinking. Some of the things that we do in our lives, such as breathing, walking, blinking, etc become almost instinctive and we really do not have to think much about them. Some things require more thought, such as deciding what to eat, or what to wear for a particular occasion. There are even higher levels of thinking and these include our critical thinking abilities. Many scholars have noted that critical thinking is more of a skill than a process and it mainly consists of evaluating arguments. It is a purposeful, self-regulatory judgment which results in interpretation, analysis, evaluation, and inference, as well as explanations of the evidential, conceptual, methodological, or contextual considerations upon which the judgment is based (Astleitner 2002). In general, "critical thinking" is a mental activity of evaluating arguments or propositions and making judgments that can guide the development of beliefs and taking action. It has also been found that experts from economy and education nominated critical thinking as the most important skill in knowledge management (Astleitner 2002). It is very important to make decisions the right decisions quickly, and this usually requires critical thinking on the part of the decision maker (Abelson and Levi 1998; Carroll and Johnson 1990). Decisions can be very simple (deciding what you are going to eat for lunch today) or very complex (deciding where and how to build your house)...
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...Thinking and Decision Making Joshua Bustos, Markethia Hughes, William Huntzinger, Gabriella Nava, and Patricia Williamson MGT 350 February 27, 2012 Courtney Wilson Thinking and Decision Making Logical Thinking Everyone is born with the ability to reason, even on a primary level. Logical thinking is a process in solving problems that requires reasoning. The word logic is from ancient Greek. Logic is a science that studies the principles of correct reasoning. There are two types of logical reasoning induction and deduction. Inductive reasoning is also known as inductive logic is the process of reasoning for specific evidence, observation, or experimentation. Inductive reasoning individuals do every day in his or her lives. Deductive thinking is also known as deductive logic the process of reasoning based on common knowledge. A logical thinker needs to recognize illogical thinking. Critical thinkers will ask questions to determine if the issue is logical or illogical for instance; do the pieces fit together logically? Are you really sure this makes sense? Are you certain it is in the publication? It is imperative the questions that are asked needs to be specific and precise to the situation or issue. If there is any inconsistences exist when finish asking the questions it is more likely the thinking path is illogical. It is important for logical thinkers to follow the facts for creditability to the situation or issue. In another words “When the combined thoughts...
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...distinguish between fact and opinion, ask questions, make detailed observations, uncover assumptions and define their terms and make assertions based on sound logic and solid evidence. Next thing, I can tell you the most significant things I have learned about critical thinking and how my critical thinking has changed since this course. The most significant things that I have learned about critical thinking, that critical thinking is based on concepts and principles, not on hard and fast, or step- by- step procedures. Critical thinking does not assure that one will reach either the truth or correct conclusions. Critical thinking is hard intellectual work. Critical thinking is an intellectual skill that can be learned and improved. All reasoning, thinking, learning: starts and progresses with questions and a need to understand, occurs within points of views, and frames of reference, proceeds from some goals and objectives, has an informational base; uses data/information that must be interpreted and this...
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...How can critical thinking be more applicable in the contemporary society with reference to the following aspects Social, economic, political, intellectual. Critical thinking is an important element of all professional fields and academic disciplines (by referencing their respective sets of permissible questions, evidence sources, criteria, etc.). Within the framework of scientific skepticism, the process of critical thinking involves the careful acquisition and interpretation of information and use of it to reach a well-justified conclusion. The concepts and principles of critical thinking can be applied to any context or case but only by reflecting upon the nature of that application. Critical thinking forms, therefore, a system of related, and overlapping, modes of thought such as anthropological thinking, sociological thinking, historical thinking, political thinking, business person, etc. In other words, though critical thinking principles are universal, their application to disciplines requires a process of reflective contextualization. Critical thinking is considered important in the academic fields because it enables one to analyze, evaluate, explain, and restructure their thinking, thereby decreasing the risk of adopting, acting on, or thinking with, a false belief. For example when students join high school they are usually told that mathematics is hard but a student who thinks critically will first practice it then come up with his /her own conclusion about the subject...
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...Week 5 Individual Reflection Paper HUM/114 September 17th, 2012 Critical thinking is an ability that is essential in order for a person to make educated decisions. A critical thinker is open to unconventional solutions and seeks to be well informed of credible information sources. This is crucial when attempting to draw a conclusion based on facts and all aspects of the situation at hand. It is important to acknowledge assumptions, reasons, and conclusions while critically thinking. The critical thinker also produces hypothesis and can support their point with a knowledgeable argument. Considering the trustworthiness of information sources is an extremely important portion of the critical thinking progression. It would be problematic to construct a knowledgeable decision if the specifics were incorrect or irrelevant to the setting. Asking the appropriate clarifying questions is another vital step in critical thinking. By establishing a purpose to the thought, an individual can determine which direction the effect will yield. Establishing a conceivable hypothesis is conventionally the result and end-goal of critical thinking. This is the product of gathering credible information, asking the appropriate questions, controlling uneducated assumptions, and determining a purpose for the research. This course has helped me define and utilize critical thinking in everyday tasks. I now look at things a little more in-depth, even if I do not want to come to a conclusion....
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...Evaluation and Judgment The ways that we evaluate people is by what they look like, the type of hairstyle that they have, and the type of behavior that the person shows. Listen how they talk to you the first time that you meet them, how they carry their selves when you have a discussion with them. Some people that you meet may have a loud voice, and sometimes you will shy away from that type of person. Then there are the soft spoken types you are able to carry on a nice conversation with them. I know when I have evaluated a person that comes in and apply for a job the first thing that I look at is how they are dressed. The roles of expectations when we see other people, like when we see a man in a white jacket with a stethoscope, we just assume that he is either a doctor or nurse, our they work somewhere in the medical field. Than we would think that they are knowledgeable in things in the medical area, we would think very highly of them compared to someone that works at McDonalds. It is funny how we base or opinions on someone by the way they look, and the job that they may have. Some of the disadvantages of the expectations of others, can turn out bad when we look at how a person talks, even if it is in a loud voice it could be a reason for that, and that does not make them a bad person, I know a lady that talks loud and that comes from working so many years in a factory, with loud machinery. We just need to be careful how we judge others, or jump to conclusions about a person...
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...ek Resource: What Kind of Thinker Are You? assignment from Week One Review your week one assignment and reflect on what you learned about critical thinking during the course. Write a 700 word paper in which you reflect on the following questions: • Provide an introduction that includes a reflection on what you learned about critical thinking during the course. • What is critical thinking? • What are the three most significant things that you learned about critical thinking during this class? • How has your critical thinking changed since starting this course? • Reevaluate your stage of development in critical thinking and why you placed yourself in that stage. If your rating has changed since Week One, explain why you think this change occurred. • How do you plan to move yourself from your current stage of development in critical thinking to the stage of master thinker? • Provide a conclusion that is logical, flows from the body of the paper and concludes your paper. Format your paper consistent with Associate Level Writing Style Handbook guidelines. Post this assignment into your Assignment Folder located on your Student page!! | | |Suppose you are a newspaper columnist asked to address the issue of global warming and energy in the next editorial blog of your newspaper’s website.| | ...
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...Descartes which as we know represents the beginning of modern philosophy and with several agendas behind his thoughts, but one that stands out the most is the desire to show that reason is a useful tool with which to discover truths about the world. Descartes claims that all systematic knowledge based on unquestionable foundations is evident, certain and felt that the only way through which his agenda could be met was by uncovering the faulty foundations of philosophical thought and shoring them up by laying a new foundation. Descartes considered his mind to be the most knowledgeable of his beliefs, and sought to infer an external world including matter from such introspection. Descartes contrasts with probable cognition, and regards arithmetic and geometry as a paradigm. In the first mediation after entertaining the dream and the powerful deceiving god hypotheses, Descartes adopts the strict policy of regarding all his ordinary opinions as they were false. The justification of this is that he points out that although most of his previous beliefs are in need of a solid foundation, they are highly possible. He doubts his out thoughts and skeptical those hypotheses are needed to counteract what he feels and thinks of how he views the world, and feels that he can never get out of the habit of assenting to these opinions unless he can in fact claim them to be what they are that is highly probable opinions. His opinions which he feels in a sense that they are doubtful...
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...Associate Level Material Appendix I Critical Thinking Worksheet Chose one of the following scenarios: • You are a member of a group working on a class project. The group members are enthusiastic about the project and arrange a meeting time to begin planning. You forget to mark your calendar and miss the meeting. The group posts a summary of the meeting with assignments and deadlines for the project. You apologize to the group and agree to complete the topic research for the project. You realize you have a paper due in another course on the same day your research is due and concentrate most of your time on your individual assignment. The paper takes longer than you thought, and you are unable to conduct research for the group project by the deadline. You feel bad about this and do not respond to inquiries from group members. You post a message to the group explaining you are having computer problems. The group expresses their empathy and proceeds without you, completing and submitting the project with your name included. • A position opens in your department at work. You recommend to a coworker and friend in another department that she should apply. You previously consulted with this person on small projects, and she appears knowledgeable and responsible. In fact, you became friends through these work contacts. Your friend appreciates your recommendation and arranges a meeting to ask you more details about the work done by your department. The meeting is productive...
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...Gardner’s Theory of the Seven Intelligences definitely defines my strongest and weakest learning processes. The theory of Logical- Mathematical Intelligence, as explained, is the ability to detect patterns, reason deductively, and think logically. To me, Logical-Mathematical Intelligence means the ability to connect numbers with patterns and to find the easiest solution. Interpersonal Intelligence, as explained, is the ability to understand and discern the feelings and intentions of others. I believe this means having the ability to detect a person’s positive and negative vibes. I believe that Logical-Mathematical Intelligence defines my strongest thinking pattern. For example; growing up in class I was always the first one done with my math homework. At the time I didn’t realize why it was very easy for me to figure out what the answer to the problems were. As time progressed I also noticed I was getting very good with computers. Once I learned that computers were linked to mathematics, I knew it was the reason why I was able to process the way computers worked. I mentally developed a way to connect mathematics with patterns and make sense of it. Another strong thinking process that I acquire is the Interpersonal Intelligence. A personal example of this would be how I can understand when something is wrong with my wife. She doesn’t always communicate with me very well; however, I am usually pretty good at figuring out what the issue is. I can always tell by her tone and actions...
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...Abe Essay Writing Tips ESSAY-WRITING TIPS Engage with the question When sitting an examination it is essential that you identify the key command words in the question (explain, describe, analyse, compare, etc.) and respond accordingly. Some students find it helpful to highlight key words and phrases in the question during examinations to ensure that they deal with each aspect of the question. Do not ignore any parts of the question even if you are uncertain of how to answer them; if you attempt an answer, at least you stand a chance of gaining some marks. Plan The key to writing a good essay lies in creating a detailed plan before you begin. Take time to think through your ideas and write a structured and logical plan featuring an argument with a clear list of main points that build towards a conclusion. It is best to jot down the references you wish to use in each section, and to ensure that each point leads on logically from its predecessor. Writing a well-structured argument with an introduction and conclusion, which refers to relevant theorists and authors you have studied, will allow you to get higher marks. Many students make the mistake of neglecting to plan their answers in exams, believing that they are wasting valuable time. Taking 5 minutes to write a plan before you begin an answer to a 25 mark question could be the difference between a pass and a fail. Incoherent, badly organised answers will score much lower than those which feature a...
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...IF READERS ARE LEADERS, THEN WHAT ARE WRITERS? Reading is a complex cognitive process of decoding words, symbols, etc, in order to construct or derive meaning (Wikipedia). So if readers are leaders, then writers are could be termed as a source of inspiration, basically they are the purveyors of knowledge. It is true that a lot of great leaders in various industries around the world do a lot of reading, but most of the quotes and writings that they believe in or worked with were written by great authors, and this can easily be inferred from reading the autobiographies of these various people. Writers tend to paint pictures through their words over time and their writings become immortal. Overtime due to the various books they might have written and honed their writing skills on, their research on a lot of matters is always deeper, as their wish is to pass along all the knowledge of this research to various readers over time. Writers all look to impart knowledge on people and pass on their wisdom from one generation to the next. From the days of Aristotle when writers used papyrus scrolls to write, to modern day times when we have writers like Robert Kiyosaki, their aim was to record the knowledge they had gained over time through their writing so that it could be used to teach generations to come. Another reason why writers are so much more of leaders than readers is that the source of their inspiration is original, that is the ideas within their writing in most cases is...
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...People can often be treated and judged in a less than equal manner before people even know the true nature of the person, such as the way that the Finch children think that Boo Radley is some kind of a monster. Or the way people call Atticus Finch is called a nigger-lover. One of my most favorite quotations is that of Martin Luther King Junior. "I have a dream, that one day my children will be judged not by the color of their skin, but by the content of their character." People should make judgments of the person's character, not by their appearance, race, religion, sexuality, and morals. One of the main focuses of the book is the Finch children trying to get Boo Radley next door to come out of his house. To them he is a mean monstrous person. But for some reason they seem to think that tormenting him is the best way to occupy their time. In fact, to the whole town the Radley family are mean people that kept to themselves. "There goes the meanest man ever God blew breath into," said Calpurnia (page 12). This shows how mean people can be just by judging others by their outsides. What gives these people the right to make these kind of conclusions without ever even meeting the person(s)? Later in the book the Finch children find presents hidden in a tree next to the Radley place. They can't figure out who would set these nice gifts out for them. Later they find out that is Boo Radley. He is just trying to be nice and other people won't accept his original approach on...
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