...DBQ: Teachings of the Rival Chinese Schools The first passage “I take no action...” would be Daoist. The passage relates to a Daoist way of there being harmony with nature and the Dao or “the way.” Daoism first appealed to the wealthy who wanted a more “simple life” like that mentioned in the passage. In the second passage about the gentleman and an inferior man, Confucianism relates most to the ideas discussed. Confucius’ writings applied to individual behavior and self-control, much like the excerpt does. The inferior man values possessions and personal gain whereas the gentleman seeks virtue and sanctions. Many of Confucius’ writings relate to the relationship between an inferior and a superior whether it be a father and son or a ruler and ruled. The third passage would also go under Confucianism. Many Confucians disagreed with Daoists because they believed humans by nature are greedy...
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...Using Ownership Incentives in China Case Overview PeriRaden is a California-based company, launched by Roy Weber - CEO, that specializes in mobile technology. They are focused on expanding their business into foreign countries, specifically China, and are faced with the challenge of introducing the employee ownership culture of the Silicon Valley to their target workforce in China. Although, ownership incentives have proven to be very Successful in the US, there are several reasons why it may not be as effective in China. The core objective of this study is to address all discussion questions and to intelligently propose an effective solution that will meet the demands of the Chinese workforce and fit within the scope of PeriRaden's business culture and overall compensation philosophy. The Chinese Workforce Besides being the world's oldest continuous civilization, with records dating back to 3500 BC, China has experienced substantial economic success since initiating its economic reform in the late 1970s. It is now the world's fastest growing economy and has the second largest GDP in the world. It is also home to the world's largest population, which equates to the world's largest labor pool. Naturally, this is appealing to many corporations looking to expand. China represents a seemingly limitless source of labor. What's more is that their individual buying power and levels of consumption are also increasing along side their growing economy. Although, it may seem...
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...worked to turn the pacific movement of Nanak into the warrior caste of later Sikhism? The torture and death of Arjan and execution of Singh. 3. List the three major sects of Sikhism. What are the major characteristics of each? Udasis- order of holy men who follow the rules and principles that govern Hindu, Janism, and Buddhism. Sahajdharis- conservative and slowgoing, reject militant characteristics. Singhs- theology of reincarnation, non use of stimulants long hair on heads and faces. Chapter Eight: Chinese Religions Page 203: Answer the Following Questions 1. Are Taoism and Confucianism truly religions? Argue both sides. They are truly religions because they embody the concept of religion. Taoism cannot be classified as a religion with certain doctrines and practices but it has been converted to one with prescence of gods, temples, priests, and sacrifices. Confucianism is more of a philosophy of the Chinese people and has no sacred writings priesthood etc. but it has affected Chinese character and created cultic development. 2. Describe the Chinese concept of the yin and yang as a unifying explanation for the universe. A positive and negative force in nature. All nature, humankind, and events are a combination of both forces and when the forces are harmoniously combined life is the way it should be. 3. How could the hexagrams of the I Ching be viewed as a means of divination? How could they be seen as having personality and wisdom of their...
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...reputation', 'respect' or 'honour,' one must learn the subtleties of the concept and understand the possible impact it could have on your doing business in China."(2012) There are some categories of the face situation. "1) where one's face is lessened through their involvement in an action or deed and it being exposed. The loss of face is not the result of the action, but rather it's being made public knowledge. when face is given to others through compliments and respect. 3) face is developed through experience and age. When one shows wisdom in action by avoiding mistakes their face is increased. 4) where face is increased through the compliments of others made about you to a third party."(2012) Confucianism "When doing business in China it is possible to see how Confucianism affects business practices. Of the less subtle manifestations are an aversion to conflict, maintenance of proper demeanour and the preservation of 'face'."(2012) Duty, respect and loyalty are the base of Chinese business culture,...
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...Asia, the world’s largest continent, consists of over one third of Earths total land are and approximately 60% of the world’s population. Further, a large percentage of Asia’s 4.3 billion people live in the countries of China, Japan, and India (Exploredia, 2011). Out of these densely populated countries three eastern schools of philosophy were born between the 6th and 4th centuries BCE, and it is these same ancient philosophies that flourish throughout Asia today. Confucianism, Buddhism, and Hinduism are three major schools of thought that significantly have impacted the political, social and religious views of Asian culture. Confucianism, which was inspired by Confucius, has been followed by the Chinese people for more than two thousand years (Confucianism, 2012, pp.1). Because Confucianism is described as a way of life, it is sometimes viewed as a philosophy and sometimes viewed as a religion, although it does not share the aspect of organization that most other religions share. The idea behind Confucianism is that wisdom and knowledge can be obtained through study, ritual practices, and learning from experiences. Humans are perfectible by wisdom and the ultimate goal is to reach a state of superior wisdom. The first principle Confucius taught is called the principle of mean, which is the importance of seeking balance and moderation in life. Any circumstance of extreme should be avoided. The second principle Confucius practiced is called sage, which is an intimate...
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...Confucianism Religion in China Name Institution Course Date Confucianism comprises one of the religions of the world in China. The current China puts all efforts in a bid to see that the religion comes back and people start worshiping it. Confucianism termed as a religion, which used to exist in the 6th century BCE in China, and, which many Chinese loved to practice can come into practice again today by introducing it in schools as a subject. The religion finds its roots back after so many years not in practice. Many religious practices of the word have existed in china for so long and the Chinese respond to the traditions positively. The practices vary and the divergence of understanding increase. Confucianism named after the founder Confucius meant to unite the people of china. It got adopted as a rule to bring together the people of china. The exams set on Confucianism took only 24 to 72 hours and any male could sit for the exam. It existed from 600 to 1900 era. Under Confucianism, the humanists control the affair of the country and thus the lack of performance of the government becomes lack of performance of the Confucianism. Confucianism has helped revive businesses and lead to evolution of several achievements and thus the need for its revival. However, the idea to revive Confucianism has not gone quite well with some of the citizens in china and thus they have opted to resist it. The Christians do not see the form of religion as Godly and they decide to resist it no matter...
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...belief of reincarnation that prolong until a person reaches Nirvana the entrance to enlightenment. In fact, Gautama doctrine the "Four Noble Truths" and, the "Eightfold Path” simultaneously to reach the condition of nirvana or cessation steps one must first achieve Buddha enlightened the eight steps pathway to the elimination of suffering (Moore-Bruder, 2008). Confucius Quote: “Do not do to other what you would not want them to do to you” (Moore-Bruder, 2008). Confucianism, the philosophical system founded on the teaching of Confucius during the mid-500 BC to the late 400’s. Confucianism is the system of beliefs, teaching, and statesmanship schooling. As an influential speaker Confucius preaching and teaching advance into a religion and he became soon known as K'ung Fu Tzu; the Great Master Kung, for his teachings. Therefore, the Chinese theorist sociopolitical life and religious history mostly influence several of the Chinese culture characters and region. But at the same time religion like Buddhism or Taoist; Confucianism religious philosophy practice focus much toward living disputes. As a result, Confucius dedicated his life to preaching good moral conduct and his notion of analogy prehistoric writings was with one's ethics, morality and the accurate implement of political power (Moore-Bruder, 2008). Hsȕn Tzu Quote:...
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...is the study of Near and Far Eastern societies and cultures, languages and peoples by Western scholars. It can also refer to the imitation or depiction of aspects of Eastern cultures in the West by writers, designers and artists. The hubs of strong traditions that are easily visible lie in East Asia. The following countries are commonly seen as located in geographically East Asia: People's Republic of China (China), Hong Kong and Macau (a special administrative region of the People's Republic of China), Republic of China (Taiwan), Japan, Democratic People's Republic of Korea (North Korea), Republic of Korea (South Korea), and Mongolia (Wikipedia 2007). Oriental Ideologies These are the main ideologies connected with Asia: Buddhism, Confucianism, and Taoism/Daoism. Others comprise of Shinto and Zen (Eastern Buddhism). Over 93% of Taiwanese are...
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...Insanity of a Confucianism Society Insanity is, “a spectrum of behaviors characterized by certain abnormal mental or behavioral patterns” (Wikipedia). The general idea of this quote is to highlight how insanity is observed among people of diverse backgrounds. We find ourselves in a society where if every member of said society were to be examined and tested individually, everyone would be sane. However, if these same individuals were place in a group, then suddenly examined, tested or discussed collectively, it would easily be determined that everyone is insane. Everyday people go about their day-to-day activities and some degree of normality because it is expected. Yet, there are reports of various acts of insanity broadcasted through the news media almost daily. These reports and events are insane and cause some to fear, some to be dismayed while others grieve. The different aspects of our environment can place individuals in a state of insanity. If individuals are unaware of history, they are more prone to repeat the devastating acts such as cannibalism. When Lu Xun asserts, " There were no dates in history, but scrawled this way and that across every page were the words benevolence, righteousness, and morality. Since I couldn't get to sleep anyway, I read that history very carefully for most of the night, and finally I began to make out what was written between the lines; the whole volume was filled with a single phrase: Eat people!" (1240). The importance of history...
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...encased by Confucius ideology, trademarks traditional Chinese culture and its patriarchal society as both intriguing and fascinating. The complexity to understanding marriage in the agrarian-state society of traditional Chinese culture is interpreting the cultural context as it relates to Confucianism, social hierarchy, family lineage, economic status, a division of labor and gender stratification. Agrarian-State Society An agrarian society is one whose socio-economics is based on the cultivation...
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...Confucianism is one of the oldest philosophies in the world. Confucianism is based on the teaching of Confucius, who was born in 551 BCE in China. His teachings on the five great relationships and how the ideal person should act would shape China and other Asian nations to this day (Confucianism, 2015). The primary focus of Confucianism is the Five Great Relationships. These are the relationships of people in society and their importance. The first and most important is the father-son relationship. According to this relationship, the parents are responsible for their child’s education and the forming of the moral beliefs of the child. The children should be respectful and obey their parents. The children should also take care of their parents when they get old and are no longer able to take care of themselves. After the parents death, the children must honor their parents’ memory and take care of their graves and honor pictures of their parents. This relationship is the basis for all other relationships. Second is the elder brother-younger brother relationship. In this the elder is responsible for the younger and the younger must obey the elder. This is much like the father-son relationship. In fact, if the father should die the eldest son would then take his place as head of the family. Third is the husband-wife relationship. The husband and wife are responsible for taking care of each other. The husband is the head of the house and the protector of the wife. The wife is responsible...
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...Confucian Relationships Andrea Guadiana REL/133 January 31, 2014 James Kirk The ideal person according to Confucius Confucius was an outstanding thinker, educator, and philosopher. He believed that a superior man is threefold. First of all, the ideal person is virtuous and free from anxieties. Second, he is wise and free from perplexities. Third of all, he is bold and fearless. Morality was the most important subject for Confucius. He stated that the ideal person was one who learns to live their life within the parameters established by heaven. Confucius believed that the ideal person should follow five basic concepts or virtues. The first of these is Ren, or compassion. Ren is considered to be the highest virtue on Confucianism. Ren has to do with human-heartedness and compassion for others. It represents the ideal relationship among humans. The next concept is Li. Li is the ritualistic means by which humanity’s potential is achieved. Confucius believed that Li was the principle that kings embodied the laws of heaven and the regulated expression of human nature. It is a code of conduct. Li also refers to well defined relationships with love for others, loyalty among friends, and respect and benevolence for rulers. Li involves moral discipline. The third concept is Xiao. Xiao refers to respect for the family and reverence for parents because life comes from them. Honoring the parents can be shown by protecting one’s body since it was given to him by his parent’s. Xiao...
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...parents; to take care of them, to engage in good conduct not just towards them but also outside the home so as to bring a good name them and ancestors; to perform the duties of one's job well so as to obtain the material means to support them as well as carry out sacrifices to the ancestors. You have to do not be rebellious; show love, respect and support; display courtesy; ensure male heirs, uphold fraternity among brothers; wisely advise them, including dissuading them from moral unrighteousness; display sorrow for their sickness and death; and carry out sacrifices after their death. It supposed to be the normal behavior for all people around the world, but in China, the origin is very deep and ancient. It is a a concept originating with Confucianism that outlines the way in which family members should interact with each other. It is based on a hierarchical relationship, in which parents and older family rank more highly than children and younger family members, and men rank more highly than women. In the Confucian system, those of higher rank have the responsibility to care for and raise those of lower rank, and those of lower rank in turn have the responsibility to respect and obey those of higher rank. The concept of filial piety (xiao) is closely related to other Confucian concepts, including ren (altruism) and yi (righteousness). For instance, if a child...
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...Confucius , Confucianism and the confused Confucius was legendary. According to Chinese tradition, when Confucius was born there were forty-nine marks of his future greatness on the his body, and on his chest were the visible words, “he will point out, he will act, he will decide, he will accomplish the times”. Confucius, whose actual name was Kong Qiu and courtesy name, was Zhongni, lived between 551 and 479 BC during the late years of China's Spring and Autumn Period (770- 476 BC). He was born in the city of Qufu, which was located in the ancient Chinese state of Lu. A great thinker, educator and statesman as well as one of the most learned people of his time; Confucius was also the founder of a school of moral doctrine that encourages "justice" and "peace," known today as Confucianism. The philosophy of Confucius emphasized personal and government morality, correctness, of social relationships, justice and security. Confucianism has a decisive influence on traditional Chinese culture. Later generations honored Confucius as "the sage of sages" and "the teacher of all ages." Confucius exposed the well-known principle “do not do to others what you do not want done to yourself”, an early version of the golden rule. Confucius taught more than 3,000 disciples, regardless if they were rich or poor. Those who really wanted to learn were all accepted by Confucius as his disciples and had an equal opportunity to be educated. Confucius is the founder of Confucianism. In its...
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...Comparing Buddhism and Confucianism Therese Marsh Rasmussen College Author Note This paper is being submitted on May 8, 2016, for Andrew Franklin’s G153 Ethics Around the Globe Course. Comparing Buddhism and Confucianism Comparing theories is important because it lets you explore and understand other people’s views. It’s a chance to put yourself in shoes that are different than yours, and really think about how different life could be if you chose a different path. So how would life be different, if you decide to instill Buddhism or Confucianism in your life. Buddhism means to have compassion for all beings without discrimination and is free of selfishness. If Jamie followed the ways of the Buddha, she would need to have compassion for all of the homeless people, with that being said her vote would be neither a yea or a nay, but a compromise of building additional shelters for these people and setting them up with ways to help them improve their lives. The reason behind this is because even leaving the tent cities, the homeless people would still be in need, but creating additional shelters shows the compassion that she would have to make their lives better and safer. This is also a selfless act on her part because creating the shelters does not benefit her in any way but gives back to the homeless people and also helps to put the citizens of the city’s mind at ease about the tent cities promoting violence and drugs. Confucianism is the insistence that human...
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