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Conjoint

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TUTORIAL – CONJOINT
Overview
* Conjoint Analysis é uma abordagem para medir a preferência dos clientes, é utilizado também para analisar e prever as respostas dos clientes a novos produtos ou a novos recursos de produtos já existentes * As empresas podem decompor as preferências dos clientes para produtos e serviços num “partworth” de utilidades associando cada opção de cada atributo ou recurso da categoria de produto * Empresas podem prever as preferências dos clientes para qualquer combinação de atributos, podem determinar o conceito ótimo de produto e, podem identificar segmentos de mercado que avaliam bem determinados conceitos de produto * Conjoint Analysis também respondem questões como: * Quanto a mais os clientes estão dispostos a pagar por uma garantia estendida; * Quais fatores guiam as escolhas dos clientes; * Se for necessário realizar uma escolha de dois recursos diferentes para se colocar em um produto, qual recurso teria maior impacto na escolha do cliente; * Quantos clientes são sensíveis a preço e quantos são guiados pela qualidade;
Step 1 – Creating a study design template * A primeira pergunta a ser feita é: quais recursos e características os produtos sendo estudados descrevem? * Opções: * Assistente interativo – para os não experts * Não usar o assistente interativo – para os experts
Step 2 – Creating a data collection template * O primeiro passo ao gerar o estudo de design é descrever os atributos e níveis usados no seu estudo de conjoint * O software apresenta 2 métodos: * Self-explicated – mais direto * Ratings – mais complexo
Step 3 – Entering your data
Step 4 – Estimating preference partworths * Neste momento se estima as preferências de seus respondentes para cada atributo e nível, ou preferência de “partworths” * Selecionar diversos intervalos de células no Excel: * Study Design template – atributos e níveis * Bundles – utilizados para coletar informações * Ratings – colocado pelo respondente * Haverá uma nova planilha que para interpreta-la é necessário observar: * Como convenção, o menos preferido nível de cada atributo recebe 0 (zero) para todos respondentes * Como outra convenção, se você pegar os níveis mais preferidos de cada atributo e soma-los, o total será 100. Essa regra assegura a uniformidade da escala * A importância de um atributo é igual ao valor do mais importante nível de cada atributo * Uma importante aplicação da análise de conjoint é segmentar as necessidades e preferências dos clientes. Pode-se usar preferências estimadas de partworths para identificar segmentos dos clientes com semelhanças nos gostos e valorizar determinados atributos para se aproximar do mesmo conteúdo
Step 5 – Creating analysis template * Para explorar por completo o potencial da análise de conjoint para aplicações como simulações de mercado, otimização de novo design de produto, ou, análise “full-blown” trade-off, é necessário criar um template no qual se especifica o tipo de análise que se pretende rodar, tal qual as informações necessárias para faze-las * Existing Product Profiles – Deve-se descrever os produtos já existentes no mercado se quiser estudar o potencial de mercado para novas ofertas, para saber efeitos de canibalização * ...With Market Share Information – Pode-se inferir mais precisamente a relação entre as preferências e escolhas que aprimoram a previsão de valor nas simulações * New Product Profiles – Caso haja uma lista predefinida de produtos potenciais que sejam candidatos para introduzir no mercado * Incremental Revenue Potentials – Colocar esta opção apenas se for possível alocar um incremento específico por unidade de receita para cada nível de cada atributo, assim pode-se fazer simulações baseadas em contribuição ou receita ao invés de ser baseada no market share * Normalmente nas simulações conjoint, o foco é identificar produtos que maximizam o market share * O programa calcula um Revenue Index potencial de cada produto:

* Respondents’ Weights – Colocar esta opção se existe informação suficiente para corrigir as duplicidades que ocorrem, assim consegue-se pesar cada respondente com maior exatidão
Step 6 – Entering analysis data * Algumas células precisam ser completas antes de prosseguir: * Market share information – sobre perfis de produtos já existentes * Incremental revenue potentials – todos os níveis * Respondents’ Weights
Step 7 – Running Analyses * Especificar se quer rodar simulações de market share: * Em perfis de produtos existentes * Em perfis de produtos novos * Em perfis de produtos ótimos * Opções – Estas opções refletem e confirmam as escolhas feitas quando se criou o template de análise de informação * Choice Rule – métodos que transformam preferências em escolhas * Regra da máxima utilidade – se clientes compram produtos na categoria de produtos sem frequência e/ou são altamente envolvidos na escolha da compra * Regra do share de utilidade – se clientes compram frequentemente o produto e/ou são menos envolvidos na decisão de compra * Regra da escolha “logit” – opção para o modelo acima * Regra Alfa – opção válida somente se for possível prover informações sobre os market shares dos produtos existentes no segmento que se deseja introduzir um produto novo
Step 8 – Interpreting the results * Principais resultados – a primeira planilha do novo relatório gerado, inclui simulações de market share: * Com apenas os perfis dos produtos existentes * Simulando a introdução do novo perfil de produto (um por vez – opcional) * Siumlando a introdução de diversos perfis de produtos ótimos como requisitado (um por vez, começando com o que lidera com maior market share ou receita)

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