...INTRODUCTION The purpose of this essay is to conduct a comprehensive critical appraisal of a research paper titled ‘Chloramphenicol treatment for acute infective conjunctivitis in children in primary care’ that was carried out by Rose et al. (2005) in the United Kingdom (UK). The aim of evaluation is to critically concentrate on the strength and limitation of the study. Firstly, a clear definition of critical appraisal and its importance will be highlighted, going on further will be the critical, analysis, discussion and evaluation of the peer reviewed paper contents so as to ascertain the validity and reliability of the study. Therefore, a conclusion will be drawn to learning its significance in public health. BACKGROUND Critical Appraisal...
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...Article Applied Biosafety, 11(4) pp. 228-230 © ABSA 2006 Position Paper on the Use of Ultraviolet Lights in Biological Safety Cabinets Jyl Burgener Eli Lilly and Company, Indianapolis, Indiana Purpose The purpose of this paper is to review information available on the use, risks and benefits of using Ultraviolet (UV) lights in Biological Safety Cabinets (BSC) and set forth a position based on the risk and benefits. Background Ultraviolet (UV) radiation is a form of nonionizing radiation and behaves in accordance with the laws and principles of geometric optics. Electromagnetic radiation can be described as a “wave” that consists of an electric field and a magnetic field. Electromagnetic radiation is usually characterized by wavelength and frequency or photon energy. The term wavelength refers to a distance in a line of advance of a wave from any point to a like point on the next wave; it corresponds to the distance traveled by the wave during one cycle. A wavelength is usually measured in angstroms or nanometers (nm). The International Commission on Illumination (CIE) has divided the UV spectrum into three wavelength bands, primarily due to biological effects. The 315-400 nm wavelength band is designated as UV-A. 280-315 nm is designated as UV-B, and 100-280 nm as UV-C. Wavelengths below 180 nm are of little practical biological significance since the atmosphere readily absorbs them. Sources of UV-A are used for dentistry and tanning, UVB is used for fade testing and photocuring...
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...The mumps virus “causes swelling in glands just below the ears giving the appearance of chipmunk cheeks.”[12]Before the vaccine was available the mumps caused meningitis which is lining of the brain and spinal cord and acquired deafness. The measles starts off with a fever, cough, runny nose and conjunctivitis. It creates a rash which starts on the face and spreads to the rest of the body. If the virus infects the lungs it can cause pneumonia. Measles in older children and adolescent causes seizures and brain damages.[12]Rubella also known as German measles causes a rash on the face and swelling of glands behind the ears. In some cases it has been seen that it can cause swelling in small joints and a fever. If pregnant women are exposed to rubella within the first trimester of their pregnancy, there is a 20% chance of the child will be born with a birth defect.[12] Protection against measles was first introduced in 1963, while vaccines for the mumps and rubella became available in 1967. These three vaccines were eventually combined in 1971...
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...Copyright Copyright© 2013 University of Namibia. All rights reserved. No part of this publication may be reproduced, stored in a retrieval system or transmitted in any form or by any means, electronic, mechanical, photocopying, recording or otherwise without the prior permission of the publishers. Edited and Published by the Unit for Professional Development University of Namibia, Windhoek Date next revision: 2018 Unit for Continuing Professional Development University of Namibia Private Bag 13245 Pioneers Park Windhoek Namibia Tel: +264 61 206 4671 Fax: +264 61 206 3521 E-mail: cpd@unam.na Website: www.unam.cpd.na Acknowledgements The Unit for Continuing Professional Development wishes to thank those below for their contribution to this support guide: Ms Alina Hambelela Angula Mr Simson Shaakumeni Ms. Laetitia Willemse Ms. Agatha Lewin Mr Simson Shaakumeni Author Content Editor(s) Instructional Designer Technical Care of Template Quality Controller Water Contents About this support guide 1 How this support guide is structured ................................................................................. 1 Course overview 3 Welcome to Water (Natural Science and Health Education) ............................................ 3 Water (Natural Science and Health Education)—is this course for you? ......................... 3 Study skills ........................................................................................................................
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...EDUCATION FOR STREET CHILDREN: A CASE STUDY OF CHETONA BIKASH KENDRA Mohiuddin Ahmad Community Development Library (CDL) INTRODUCTION Background and context Community Development Library (CDL) has been working mainly in the fields of development information and communication since its inception in 1980. CDL was established with a mission to deliver development information to activists and organizations that are working in the broad areas of research, human development and right-based works. Among them are catalysts in different fields including academics, planners, development practitioners, cultural activists, political activists, human rights activists, peace activists, environmentalists, feminists, journalists, researchers, teachers, trade unionists and community leaders. The target audience is engaged in activities intending to change the quality of life of the people, particularly the disadvantaged groups of the society. Mission of CDL CDL believes that 'information' is the critical missing link between ignorance and enlightenment, between poverty and prosperity, between dehumanization and empowerment. The vulnerable people and the communities have little or no access to vital information, particularly information on availability of and access to resources. CDL feels that a wellplanned effort encompassing collection, processing and dissemination of information would help in attaining the required level of awareness in the society and, in turn, would accelerate the process...
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...Isolation and characterization of bacterial endophytes from indigenous tree legumes (Colophospermum mopane) and screening for their potential to produce plant growth hormones. HIT 400 Project Proposal submitted in partial fulfillment of the Requirements for the award of the degree of Bachelor of Technology (Hons) Degree in Biotechnology To Biotechnology Department School of Industrial Sciences and Technology Harare Institute of Technology (HIT) By Edinah Tembo` H1210549T Under the supervision of Mrs P.D Chiunzi 1.0 Introduction The status quo of Zimbabwe’s agriculture seeks to increase productivity along with a long term maintenance of a sustained yield. This aim however, can only be successfully achieved if there is a sufficient supply of plant growth hormones to the plants. Due to the market globalization, the exporting of the agricultural products is rapidly rising hence a need to meet the export demand. Zimbabwe has an abundant variety of indigenous tree legumes, unfortunately scientific taxonomic knowledge of the inhabiting endophytic species is limited and more has to be done to catch up with the rest of the world . The performance of the Zimbabwean economy has always been historically dependent and anchored on the production of the primary sector that is mining and agriculture. Although unpredictable rains continue to adversely affect the sector, the 2000 land reform programme made significant strides in employment creation and improving the livelihoods of the generality...
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...[pic] Kinetic Company Limited Head Office Bashundhara City Complex Panthapath, Dhaka Web: Kinetic6@yahoo.com Factory Kinetic Company Limited Ashulia, Savar, Dhaka Name of the Directors Mohammad Saoban Ismat Jerin Chetona Managing Director Director Finance Quazi Tamim Ahmad Kazi Razzak Hossain Director Marketing Director Mahadi Hossain Vincent Mabi D Costa Director Administators Director NATURE OF BUSINESS: We form our business as a “Company” business. Our company is a beverage company. We will introduce two unique types of juice in the fruit juice industry of our country. STATEMENT OF FINANCING NEEDED: Initial financing required of the company is 4,00,00,000 taka loan to be paid off over five years from Prime Bank Ltd. This debt will cover office space, office equipment, and for supplies two leased vans, advertising and selling cost. The Directors provided 11,00,00,000 taka jointly. So, the total cost of the project estimated at 15,00,00,000 taka. Share of the Profit and Loss NAME OF WORKING DIRECTOR SHARE OF PROFIT SHARE OF LOSS 1. Mohammad Saoban 25% 25% 2. Ismat Jerin Chetona 15% 15% 3. Quazi Tamim Ahmed 25% 25% 4. Vincent Mabi D Costa 15% 15% 5. Kazi Razzak Hossain 10% 10% 6.Mahadi Hasan 10% 10% ...
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...Molecules 2010, 15, 6008-6018; doi: 10.3390/molecules15096008 OPEN ACCESS molecules ISSN 1420-3049 www.mdpi.com/journal/molecules Article Assessment of Euphorbia hirta L. Leaf, Flower, Stem and Root Extracts for Their Antibacterial and Antifungal Activity and Brine Shrimp Lethality Mohammad Abu Basma Rajeh 1, Zakaria Zuraini 1, Sreenivasan Sasidharan 2, Lachimanan Yoga Latha 2 and Santhanam Amutha 2,3,* 1 2 3 School of Distance Education, Universiti Sains Malaysia, 11800, Pulau Pinang, Malaysia; E-Mail: zuraini@usm.my (Z.Z) Institute for Research in Molecular Medicine (INFORMM), Universiti Sains Malaysia, 11800, Pulau Pinang, Malaysia; E-Mail: srisasidharan@yahoo.com (S.S) School of Biotechnology, Madurai Kamaraj University, Madurai 625021, India * Author to whom correspondence should be addressed; E-Mail: amutha_santhanam@yahoo.com; Tel.: 00604-6534818; Fax: 00604-6534803. Received: 25 July 2010; in revised form: 7 August 2010 / Accepted: 20 August 2010 / Published: 31 August 2010 Abstract: The antimicrobial activities of the methanolic extracts of Euphorbia hirta L leaves, flowers, stems and roots were evaluated against some medically important bacteria and yeast using the agar disc diffusion method. Four Gram positive (Staphylococcus aureus, Micrococcus sp., Bacillus subtilis and Bacillus thuringensis), four Gram negative (Escherichia coli, Klebsiella pneumonia, Salmonella typhi and P. mirabilis) and one yeast (Candida albicans) species were screened...
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...Clinical guidelines Diagnosis and treatment manual for curative programmes in hospitals and dispensaries guidance for prescribing 2010 EDITION © Médecins Sans Frontières – January 2010 All rights reserved for all countries. No reproduction, translation and adaptation may be done without the prior permission of the Copyright owner. ISBN 2-906498-81-5 Clinical guidelines Diagnosis and treatment manual Editorial Committee: I. Broek (MD), N. Harris (MD), M. Henkens (MD), H. Mekaoui (MD), P.P. Palma (MD), E. Szumilin (MD) and V. Grouzard (N, general editor) Contributors: P. Albajar (MD), S. Balkan (MD), P. Barel (MD), E. Baron (MD), M. Biot (MD), F. Boillot (S), L. Bonte (L), M.C. Bottineau (MD), M.E. Burny (N), M. Cereceda (MD), F. Charles (MD), M.J de Chazelles (MD), D. Chédorge (N), A.S. Coutin (MD), C. Danet (MD), B. Dehaye (S), K. Dilworth (MD), F. Fermon (N), B. Graz (MD), B. Guyard-Boileau (MD), G. Hanquet (MD), G. Harczi (N), M. van Herp (MD), C. Hook (MD), K. de Jong (P), S. Lagrange (MD), X. Lassalle (AA), D. Laureillard (MD), M. Lekkerkerker (MD), J. Maritoux (Ph), J. Menschik (MD), D. Mesia (MD), A. Minetti (MD), R. Murphy (MD), J. Pinel (Ph), J. Rigal (MD), M. de Smet (MD), S. Seyfert (MD), F. Varaine (MD), B. Vasset (MD) (S) Surgeon, (L) Laboratory technician, (MD) Medical Doctor, (N) Nurse, (AA) Anaesthetist-assistant, (Ph) Pharmacist, (P) Psychologist We would like to thank the following doctors for their invaluable help:...
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...Turmeric: The Ayurvedic Spice of Life ©2003 Prashanti de Jager Great Healers, in one form or another they are sought out by all of us. Somewhere inside we all seek balanced happy lives and so we seek that which will grant us health and joy. This article is about Turmeric, one of the planet’s great healers. This healer is not obscured in some esoterica and not distanced by a cosmic price tag. As usual with great healers, it is very close to you and readily accessible, in fact, it is probably in your house right now, though it may be hard to believe that such a common item is one of the world’s best all around herbs. The core of its worldwide ubiquity is found while walking through the bazaars of India where you are bound to find a masala wallah, a spice seller, with mounds of Turmeric that he is selling by the kilo. It is a great sight in the midst of mountains of clove buds, black pepper fruits, coriander seeds, cinnamon bark, cardamom pods and all these marvelous colorful spices that the world has loved since Silk Road days. Ayurveda is as full of commonsense as it is humming of the mystical and so, especially since it is an oral tradition, it is with the common people of India, like the spice sellers and the village mothers, that many traditions of herbal knowledge are learned and passed from elder to child for countless generations. In this way the ability of Turmeric is proven and its legacy grows. I have learned so much about ‘common’ herbs from ‘common’ people that I could...
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...S Afr Optom 2010 69(2) 86-92 Refractive error in school children in Agona Swedru, Ghana G O Ovenseri-Ogbomo* and R Assien† *Department of Optometry, University of Cape Coast, Ghana †Eye Unit, Regional Hospital, Koforidua, Ghana * Received 25 September 2009; revised version accepted 9 June 2010 Abstract Uncorrected refractive errors remains a public health problem among different population groups. Among schoolchildren, uncorrected refractive errors have a considerable impact on learning and academic achievement especially in underserved and under-resourced communities. A school based cross-sectional study was carried out to estimate the prevalence and distribution of refractive error among schoolchildren in the Agona Swedru municipality of Central Region of Ghana. 637 schoolchildren aged 11-18 years old were randomly selected for the study. Non-cycloplegic refraction was performed on each child who failed the reading test. Hyperopia was defined as spherical power of ≥ + 0.75 D, myopia as ≤ – 0.50 D and astigmatism as a cylindrical power of ≤ – 0.50 D. Of the children examined, only 13.3% had previously had an eye examination. Introduction Uncorrected refractive errors remains a public health problem among different population groups. Among schoolchildren, it has a considerable impact on learning and academic achievement especially in underserved and under-resourced communities. Uncorrected refractive errors in schoolchildren and its impact on academic achievement have...
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...GLOBALIZATION, EMPLOYMENT AND POVERTY IN GHANA Ernest Aryeetey1 1. INTRODUCTION One of the most significant influences on the performance of the economy of Ghana in the last two decades has been derived from the greater interaction between it and other economies. Thus, following economic reforms that focused considerably on opening the economy to greater and freer external trade, globalization has been a major aspect of the economy and society. But this influence has been observed not only in the area of external trade; it is seen also in terms of capital flows, aid, technology transfer, international migration, etc. All of these have seen significant expansion in the period of reforms, even if this has been on a scale far smaller than in South East Asia and the other faster growing developing economies. Globalization has definitely created opportunities for various parts of the economy to gain access to larger pools of resources as well as markets. While this may generally be perceived to have impacted positively on the beneficiaries, there are also indications that globalization has introduced new risks to environments that were hitherto closed to those risks. The increased risk may, in some cases, have accentuated poverty and worsened income distribution in parts of the country. While poverty has always been generally closely associated with the condition of African states, its link with globalization is a more recent development, and is much less understood...
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...A PROJECT REPORT ON MARKETING RESEARCH &SALES PROMOTION WITH REFERENCE TO CIPLA LTD [pic] A PROJECT REPORT SUBMITTED TO THE Osmania University Hyderabad in partial fulfillment for the award of the degree of MASTER OF BUSINESS ADMINISTRATION Submitted BY M.RAMBABU (Roll No: 04808140) DEPARTMENT OF MANAGEMENT STUDIES St.Mary’s P.G COLLEGE Deshmukhi, Nalgonda Dist Andhra pradesh (2008-2010) A PROJECT REPORT STUDY ON MARKETING RESEARCH & SALES PROMOTION Submitted BY M.RAMBABU [Roll. No: 04808140] St.Mary’s P.G COLLEGE Deshmukhi, Nalgonda Dist Andhra Pradesh. In partial fulfillment for the award Of Master of Business Administration DEPARTMENT OF MANAGEMENT STUDIES St.Mary’s P.G COLLEGE Deshmukhi, Nalgonda Dist Andhra pradesh (2008-2010) DECLARATION I here by declare that the project titled “marketing research &sales promotion WITH SPECIAL REFERENCE TO CIPLA LTD”, HYDERABAD, submitted to ST.MARY’S P.G COLLEGE, in partial fulfillment of the requirement for the award of the degree of “Master Of Business Administration” DATE: PLACE: (M.RAMBABU) ACKNOWLEDGEMENT The satisfaction and euphoria that I feel after the successful completion of my project would be incomplete...
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...EXECUTIVE SUMMARY REPORT ON TWEGAITE EFFORTS FOR BUSOGA DEVELOPMENT By Dr. Bakama BakamaNume, Chair, Busoga Twegaite, Houston, Texas, Dr. Fred W. Alibatya, Chair, Twegaite Inc. – New Jerseyand Mr. John Kizito-Kalema, Chair, Twegaite, Minneapolis, MN. History and Accomplishments Purpose By the time of this report Twegaite has three announced chapters: (1) Twegaite Inc. – New Jersey, (ii) Busoga Twegaite – Houston, TX and (iii) Twegaite – Minneapolis, MN. Twegaite has had two international conventions: Houston, May 22nd – 26th and Minneapolis, May 22nd – 25th. The three chapters are unanimous in purpose and resolve to develop Busoga. Just note that both Houston and Minneapolis made Twegaite truly international. (i) New Jersey Chapter At the May 21st – 25th , 2009 Twegaite second International Convention in Minneapolis, MN, the banquet speaker Betsy Waibi Zikusoka spoke of the history and purpose of Twegaite as a concept and an organization. She also highlighted some of the achievements the organization had scored in specific projects back in Busoga. “I shall try my best to give you the history of Twegaite” she said. “Twegaite came about as a result of a meeting that was held in Princeton Junction, one Sunday afternoon, in October 1998. We figured that as a group the idea of trying to give back to our community in Busoga and Uganda at large was not a bad one. It is a non-political group and the name Twegaite means, "Let's unite." Membership is open to anybody in the world who subscribes...
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...2013 2014 nash-rOCky mOunt PuBliC sChOOls stuDEnt/ParEnt hanDBOOk Superintendent’s Message August 2013 Dear NRMPS Students and Parents, The School Board, faculty, staff and administrators of Nash-Rocky Mount Public Schools are committed to providing a safe, orderly, secure and disruption free environment that will produce globally competitive students, who are prepared for bright and prosperous futures, when they graduate. High quality instruction will offer challenging curriculum based on rigor, relevance and adequate resources for all students. Expectations for student behavior are high in every school. The Code of Student Conduct is revised annually to align with state and federal laws and to address other issues critical to providing a safe and quality educational environment. Included in the Code of Conduct are expectations for behavior on school buses that you should be aware of even if your child does not ride a bus to or from school since these expectations apply for field trips, athletic contest trips and other school approved activities. To ensure consistency with student understanding of school division expectations, the Code of Student Conduct is reviewed at the beginning of each school year. In addition, I urge each parent to read and review this material with your child to ensure that you understand our expectations prior to any potential issues. Being unaware of the rules of conduct and behavior is not a defense if your child actually violates...
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