...Week 2 Graded Writing 1 Preservation and Conservation Ethics Elizabeth Vaught EG481: Environmental Issues ITT-TECH Roger Boeken Week 2 John Muir was the one who started the “preservation ethic” (Withgott & Laposata), Muir felt that the main object of nature was to be there to comfort us. Muir also thought that we should have a place to play and pray and that the ability of nature to be able to comfort us was enough, so when he started seeing the trees in the surrounding forests being cut down he was certain that this model of preservation would be the best alternative. Another thing he felt was important was that nature should be protected for its inherent value as well as promoting happiness for humans. One flaw in this thinking is if we are to leave things as there were we would eventually see the animal population over run, this would cause disease and the trees and grass lands would be come over grown to the point of choking out each other. Gifford Pinchot advocated that the “conservation ethic” (Withgott & Laposata) was what we should follow. This ethic allowed for us to use the natural resources that were available within reason. In other words, we were to use them responsibly, only using what we needed and not using to excess or wastefully so that the generations to come would have ample resources. The differences between the two is this, Muir felt that everything should be left in its natural state, for our enjoyment and spiritual peace...
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...first line of each paragraph between five and seven spaces. Happy writing! This is where you would include your introductory paragraph. The introduction provides an opportunity to capture the reader's attention with a “hook.” It also indicates what the paper will be about and how you will approach the topic. Refer to the 5-paragraph tutorial from Writing Wizards in the Tutorials & Guides section of the Center for Writing Excellence for more information about writing introductions. Conservation versus Preservation Define conservation and preservation. How are they different? How are they similar? Conservation or Preservation Which side are you inclined to? Why? Use specific examples from your resources (Bridger Teton, Hetch Hetchy, etc) to defend your position. Make sure to include in-text citations when appropriate. Project/Technology Research a project or new technology that has been used to protect a natural landscape. Describe how this is either conservation or preservation and how it fits into your viewpoint. You could also include the western worldview or deep ecology view. Political, Societal, and Economic Aspects How is the government involved in the project/technology mentioned above? Societal support is important for a project/technology to be successful, what are some ways that you can create a “buy in” from them? Does the above mentioned project/technology need economic support or how does it affect the economy? Conclusion ...
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...Conservation versus Preservation Holly Regan SCI/275 August 3, 2014 Stacy Murphy Conservation versus Preservation Conservation is a necessary means toward sustainability for all human systems involving renewable and nonrenewable resources. Providing constant protection and restoration will in turn provide future generations the same resources as the present generation afforded, but only if managed properly. Chiras (2013) says that by “setting aside high-biodiversity areas for permanent protection will help to protect species from extinction and will help preserve biodiversity,” (p. 216). Biodiversity A-Z (2003) says, “Wilderness areas are classified as areas 10,000 km2 that are based on the world’s terrestrial ecoregions, with a human population density outside urban areas of five people per km2 that retain at least 70% of their historical habitat extent (500 years ago).” Preservation reserves large masses of what is to remain untouched infinitely. Chiras (2013) stated "The United States has a long history of wilderness preservation that continues today through the Wilderness Act. This law directs federal agencies to establish wilderness areas and stipulates the type of human activities that are permitted on these lands,” (p. 242). The examples of conservation and preservation within the text have successfully met the majority their respective objectives, but there is so much more that can be done with the help from the entire adult population instead of merely...
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...Conservation versus Preservation SCI/275 Environmental Science Emmy Spencer Sunday May 8, 2016 Dr. Rafael Sanchez Conservation of rangelands is the rotation of livestock from one section of land to another section on land to allow the first section to rest and recover. Rangelands are often over grazed, causing the grass to die and turn the land into dirt lots. The natural resource is the grass and will be used to feed the livestock. Conservation also includes controlled burn of areas to help promote new growth. (1) Preservation of wildlife is saving the habitats and environment where endangered animals, plants, and eco system lives. The habitats and environment should not be altered or changed in any way. Natural resources are not to be used and the areas need to be left alone. Conservation of rangelands has been successful in some areas and not so successful in others. There was a government act created in 2002 - Rangeland, Grazing Land and Grassland Protection Act of 2002. This act was designed for California and the protection of their rangelands. The act’s purpose is to prevent rangelands from being converted into nonagricultural areas and sustain the grazing of livestock (2) Preservation of wildlife habitats are being threatened everyday by people all over the planet. The three major types of losses are destruction, fragmentation, and degradation of habitats by humans. They are affected by agriculture, land development, pollution, global warming...
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...Conservation versus Preservation Carl Danders SCI/275 01 Oct 2013 Mrs. Hunt Conservation versus Preservation This week I had the opportunity to learn the differences and importance of both the conservation and preservation efforts at play in today’s environment. After reading about both of these methods to work with our resources it is easy to see that these terms are used as the situation dictates. What I mean by the situation dictating the outcome is helped if I explain what these terms both mean. In my own words conservation is to conserve something in particular, to be more specific it is to restore something after a loss or some type of damage. This week’s reading we looked at Ecuador and the “La Bosque de las Ruinas” (The Forest amongst the Ruins). The significance of this situation is that the environment was saved or restored by humans intervening and placing structures natural or man-made to combat agricultural or environmental deficiencies. In Ecuador the harsh winters and melting snows had caused landslides which wiped away houses and swallowed roadways in the process. What conservation specialists brought to the table was to plant natural trees in places where runoff was to be expected and could potentially reduce the violence of erosion during melting snow or flooding rains. In my own words Preservation is simply an attempt to preserve the current condition of an eco-system or environment as it stands without intervening by some sort of methodology,...
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...Conservation versus Preservation Jessica SCI-275 September 15, 2013 Joanna Gress Conservation Verses Preservation Dear Editor, Conservationists have cautioned us that continuing to be wasteful and pollute the environment won’t only cause our generation to suffer, but future generations will suffer as well. The Bridger-Teton National Forest in Western Wyoming and its ecosystem is the largest ecosystem that still remains intact within the lower 48 United States (United States Department of Agriculture Forest Service, 2013). By conserving and managing places such as this, and the natural resources we will continue to benefit from them for generations to come. “Americans are used to living their lives fueled by cheap energy.” (Berg et al., 2011). The message that should to be spread to others is that it is to enhance the future, but there are boundaries that need to be set. There are also many risks involved in using our natural resources for personal development. By depleting the environment we live in we are creating many risks not only to our environment but also our health. If using a place like Bridger-Teton National Forest to look for oil or use trees to fuel our growth as a nation is the best, then making sure we use the four steps to assess the risks is pertinent. “Risk management is the process of identifying, assessing, and reducing risks.” (Berg et al., 2011). Hazard identification, dose-response assessment, exposure assessment, and risk characterization will...
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...Conservation Versus Preservation Today, millions of acres of land in our nation have been fortunate enough to not be disrupted by the touch of man. Around the nation it is also always on debate about using the natural resources of those untouched lands to benefit the economy and man in some way. However, there are many who oppose doing this and there are also those who believe we should harness those resources, but in a way that is not damaging. These two beliefs are called conservation and preservation and are very different in the way people look at the land. Preservation refers to leaving the land and all the natural wildlife and plant life alone and not disturbing the natural beauty and natural cycle of life in the environment. Conservation means that the natural resources of the environment should and can be used without causing too much disturbance to the natural environment. The underlining issue here is which one should we be practicing? Conserve the land, but use natural resources that are available for us or preserve the land by not disturbing what was naturally created? Personally, I am a preservationist and believe there are far too little natural places left and we should protect those places and leave them be. A strong and notable example of the debate of conservation and preservation is the Bridger-Teton National Forest in Wyoming. This national forest covers 3.4 million acres of land that has been preserved from the destruction of mankind. The Bridger-Teton National...
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...Conservation versus Preservation SCI/275 January 26, 2014 Conservation versus Preservation January 26, 2014 Letter to Editor: Dear Editor, I am writing you this letter today to inform you of how we must fight to preserve the wildlife, natural resources, and attractiveness located within the boundaries of the Bridger Teton National Forest. If you are not aware of what the Bridger Teton National Forest is, it is a “3.4 million acres of public land located in western Wyoming.” (University of Phoenix, 2014, p 1) For the most part, “It has remained virtually untouched by human presence and is the largest contiguous piece of public land in the lower 48 states.” (University of Phoenix, 2014, p. 1) The area has been chosen as a national forest and which “potentially allows for a variety of different activities to occur within its borders, including recreation, fishing, hunting, mining, and logging.” (University of Phoenix, 2014, p. 1) If one follows the “Four Steps for Risk Assessment” listed in the text book Visualizing Environmental Science (Berg, Hager, & Hassenzahl, 2011) one can easily see how drilling oil and harvesting the forest’s natural resources will damage the local environment. The first step is “Hazard Identification” and it is simple to see the many hazards that come with drilling oil in a forest. The simplest hazard to recognize is the heavy-duty machinery and vehicles which are needed for drilling oil. Thousands, if not hundreds of thousands,...
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...As a conservationist I do understand how it is important to keep our environment safe from harm and to help keep as much damage from being done as possible. However, I also understand the fact that the land in Bridger Teton National Forest may contain oil and mine-able ores which will help break the United States' dependence on foreign oil. Bridger Teton is about 3.4 million acres in size, which is around 5,300 square miles of untouched land being preserved in Wyoming. There is quite a bit of land available for use in Bridger Teton, there is spare land to be able to environmentally friendly gather natural resources from the preserved land. Using the 4 steps of environmental risk assessment the land used to gather natural resources will not suffer a lot of damage whatsoever. After analyzing the possible damage done after mining the Earth's natural resources in Bridger Teton, analysis of who and what it will affect can begin. Knowing what the damage will possibly be and who/what it may affect the solution process can begin. If there are water streams which are at risk for pollution then the appropriate steps will be taken to keep that water clean. It is of utmost importance to keep our environment in as prime as condition as possible, however it is not possible for a nation to thrive in modern society without tapping into the natural resources of its land. There is a growing demand for both oil and coal due to the modern technological advancements and for environmental friendliness...
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...Preservation, Conservation, and Land Ethics The application of ethical standards to relationships between humans and nonhumans entities is known as environmental ethics. The preservation ethic and the conservation ethic have guided the branches of the environmental movement during the past century. John Muir, a pioneering advocate for the preservation ethic, argued that “nature deserves protection for its own inherent value” (Withgott & Laposata, p.13) and should be untouched. Also, he maintained that nature encouraged happiness in humans. As an example, he wrote, “Places to play in and pray in, where nature may heal and give strength to body and soul alike” (Withgott & Laposata, p.13). In opposition, Gifford Pinchot, founder of what would become the U.S. Forest Service, was a leading supporter of the conservation ethic. According to Withgott and Laposata (2012), Pinchot deemed that we should allocate natural resources within reason (p. 13). In other words, we ought to manage them wisely, not carelessly, so that current and future groups will have sufficient resources. Whereas preservation strives to preserve nature for its own worth and for our enjoyment and spiritual peace, conservation “promotes the prudent, efficient, and sustainable extraction and use of natural resources for the benefit of present and future generations” (Withgott & Laposata, p.13). In my region, the Shenandoah National Forest is complemented by its trees, natural trails, streams, and...
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...Running Head: CONSERVATION VS PRESERVATION Conservation vs. Preservation Jose E. Ortiz December 16, 2012 SCI/275 Joanna Gress In the era of climate change and global warming, there is an increased interest in land management techniques. Some experts are proponents of the preservation theory, which sets aside areas of natural resources in their pristine state, without intrusion or interference of man. Other experts favor conservation practices, which seek to find a happy medium between responsible land management and protection of natural resources while permitting humans to enjoy that land in a variety of ways. The desire to preserve areas in their natural state can be driven by a desire to maintain refuges for animals and plants free of human interference and to keep species from the threat of extinction. With the advent of the last twenty years of the housing boom, many natural areas have disappeared. The point of preservationists is that there need to be certain aspects of the natural population that are never disturbed. The disagreement among naturalists arises from the methods of protection versus the actual concept of protection. Some believe conservation of resources provides the best of all worlds. Individuals can, for example, live in a subdivision, but the subdivision would be placed adjacent to natural forests, wetlands, or other natural areas of importance to the environment. Within these wetlands and forests...
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...a) Preservation, promoted by John Muir, values the protection of natural wilderness from economic use. Conservation, advocated by Gifford Pinchot, emphasizes the importance of the sustainable use of natural resources (Bulkan, 2016a). Preservation is the concept of forests being a “never failing fountain of wealth and beauty” for everyone to relax and enjoy, not for economic prosperity (Muir, 1901, p.51). This can be achieved by creating protected areas, allowing nature to be uninterrupted and uninfluenced by man (Bulkan, 2016a). Conservation, on the other hand, is the practice of sustainably using forests for development, for the present and future generations (Pinchot, 1910, p. 33). Natural resources are to be efficiently utilized while reducing...
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...these ecosystems could result in the extinction of the species which live in these natural habitats. The hunting and the fishing could be beneficial to humans through consumption and/or sale of their game. For instance, they can sell the fur and hides from mammals. In addition, humans could benefit from these ecosystems for medical purposes. For example, beavers’ castor sacs are used in traditional medicine. Current and potential management These ecosystems should not just be left to wild exploitation, however, as this may lead to the extinction of the species that inhabit them. Thus, there should be a good management of the ecosystems to prevent dire consequences as a result of over exploitation. One potential management plan is the conservation of resources in the ecosystems by regulating...
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...Good afternoon teachers and fellow classmates. Pompeii and Herculaneum once thriving towns at the Bay of Naples buried by Mt Vesuvius encapsulating them for 1,500 years under the volcanic mud, rubble and ash. Left the cities in a remarkable state of preservation however excavations of the sites have created the issue of deterioration due to the lack of protective measures, exposure and correct restoration methods. This has been further aggravated due to the increased amounts of tourism, lack of funding and overall mismanagement. In recent years there has been a growing acknowledgment of Italian and International groups to the preservation of Pompeii and Herculaneum and this presentation will focus on their contribution to the conservation and preservation of the two sites....
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...To start with, in the early twentieth-century there was a high demand for water in San Francisco which resulted in the suggestion to build a dam in the Hetch Hetchy Valley which would ultimately flood the Hetch Hetchy and terminate thousands of acres of intact forests. As a result, there was much debate between two early American environmentalists, Gifford Pinchot and John Muir who introduced two opposing views conservation and preservation. Pinchot a founder and leader of the conservation movement supported the idea of building the dam over Hetch Hetchy, Pinchot’s main view was that public lands exist to serve the needs and uses of the public. While on the other hand, John Muir who was the best-known representative of the preservation movement...
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