...individual items. You mentioned that the jeans you bought have come apart and also the sole of one shoe has come off. According to the Sale of Goods Act 1979 (SOGA) and Supply of Goods to Consumers Regulations 2002, all goods sold whether new or second–hand must be: * As described * Of satisfactory quality * Fit for the purpose for which they are intended The amended Sale of Goods Act 1979 requires the seller to supply goods of satisfactory quality. This includes that the goods must be durable and fit for their general purpose. Therefore you are able to take the jeans and shoes back either for a full refund or a replacement. Regarding the Dior perfume which your mother has come out in a rash after using it. According to the Consumer Protection Act 1987 and the law of negligence, there must be: * A duty of care * A breach of the duty of care * This breach must be the direct cause of damage (physical, financial or emotional injury) to another and could also be foreseen The Dior perfume company has breached the law of negligence because a duty of care was not carried out. Also this breach was the direct cause of damage which was the rash came out after using the perfume. Therefore under the Consumer Protection Act 1987, your mother has the right to sue the manufacturer. You also mentioned that your mother’s favourite dress was ruined by the dry cleaners. According to Supply of Goods and Services Act 1982 (SOGASA), all services should...
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...Before the 1950s consumers had little protection in the world marketplace. On March 15, 1962, President John F. Kennedy put forth the "Consumer Bill of Rights" to help consumers recognize their rights and responsibilities. March 15 is now declared as World Consumer Rights Day! The six basic consumer rights are: 1. The right to choose. 2. The right to safety. 3. The right to be heard. 4. The right to be informed. 5. The right to a healthy environment. 6. The right to satisfaction of basic needs. The right to choose. Within reason, consumers have the right to be guaranteed that a selection of quality products and services are accessible for them to purchase at reasonable prices. It means that a consumer should have the opportunity to select the goods or services that they want to purchase. The right to safety. Consumers have the right to expect protection from hazardous products and services bought in the marketplace, particularly if used correctly for their intended purpose. Consumers have protection from the sale and distribution of hazardous goods and services. The right to be heard and the right to voice. Consumers have the right to equal and fair consideration in government policy-making situations, as well as apt treatment in administrative courts or legal communities. In other words, consumers have a right to dispute when there are problems or concerns. They have the right to speak up, to be heard, and to expect positive results. With this right, both business...
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...CONSUMER RIGHTS WHO IS A CONSUMER 1. A person who has indicated his or her willingness to obtain goods and/or services from a supplier with the intention of paying for them. 2. Someone who has purchased goods and/or services for personal consumption 3. A person or group of people, such as a household, who are the final users of products or services. The consumer's use is final in the sense that the product is usually not improved by the use. DUTIES OF CONSUMERS 1. Buying quality products at reasonable price. 2. To check the weights and measures before making purchases 3. Reading the label carefully. 4. To procure the bill, cash received warranty, etc. 5. Shopping carefully and wisely 6. Understanding the terms of the sale 7. Reading and following instructions HOW CONSUMERS ARE EXPLOITED 1. Underweight and Under-measurements : The goods being sold in the market are sometimes not measured or weighed correctly 2. Sub-standard Quality : The goods sold are sometimes of sub-standard quality. Selling of medicine beyond their expiry dates is generally the grievances of consumers. 3. High Prices : Very often the traders charge a higher price than the prescribed retail price 4. Duplicate Articles : In the name of genuine parts or goods, fake or duplicate items are being sold to the consumers. 5. Artificial Scarcity : In order to amass illegitimate profit, businessman create artificial scarcity by hoarding. They sell it later at a higher...
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...Are There Many Consumer Rights? Consumer rights are is all about making sure that when something is bought, lost, stolen or found, or a service has been paid for and has not been provided, that the consumer has some basic rights that will protect them. The law says that when buying goods they should be of satisfactory quality, must be fit for the purpose they made for, and match their description. Today in the whole world many countries offer consumer rights where as some don’t which gives the consumer except accepting the product or service. There are many consumer rights especially in United States. This could be seen by the consumer rights offered and the protection granted by federal laws to consumers. This could be also supported by the lawsuits filed by different consumers. There are many rights of consumers like consumers are allowed to cancel a contract or purchase the claim back the money if it is more than Dollar Fifty. Some of the rights include that “Misrepresentation is illegal” (What). Deliveries must be done on time or the consumer has the right to cancel the order if it does not arrive within 30 days. Consumers have the right to get a refund if you paid with your credit card if there is a billing error or charges for something that has not been shipped. Consumers’ also have the right to cancel the sale if a person went with sales person’s suggestion but was not satisfied with the product. Many consumers changed to a different network for their cell phones...
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...EUROPEAN UNION E-COMMERCE: CONSUMERS RIGHTS AND PROTECTION ON THE INTERNET PICHAYAPONG PICHAYAPONGS U 3055471 CONTENTS I INTRODUCTION 3 II THE EUROPEAN DIRECTIVE OF 20 MAY 1997 CONCERNING DISTANCE CONTRACTS 3 A The distance contract 4 B Written confirmation 5 C Cooling-off period 5 D Tax payable on goods 5 E Credit card fraud 6 F Special protection 6 G Directive 97/7/EC of The European Parliament and of The Council of 20 May 1997 on the protection of consumers in respect of distance contracts 7 III SECURITY AND CONFIDENCE ON THE WEB 7 A Asymmetrical cryptography 8 B Electronic payments 9 1 Europe Adopts Legislation to Expedite E-payments 9 C The labelling of websites 9 IV GOVERNMENT REGULATION 10 V CONCLUSION & RECOMMENDATION 10 VI REFERENCE 11 I INTRODUCTION In the past decade, the boom of the internet in Europe and the emergence of e-commerce has led to a broader of the commercial offers that can be proposed to the consumers. Indeed, an expansion in internet offering come the demand for online security regarding the rights and interests of the internet users and also the development of the internet implies a certain number of adaptations to efficiently protect the consumer. In Europe, a person considered as a consumer is protected by the consumer rights.[1] As texts and laws directly dealing with e-commerce are very uncommon, on 20th May 1997 the European Parliament and the Council adopted Directive 97/7/EC regarding...
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...PUBLIC AFFAIRS CENTRE FAQs 1. What is CAC ? Coalition Against Corruption (CAC) - Coalition against corruption is an initiative of Public Affairs Centre, along with Swabhimana, Towards Rural Urban Training and Housing (TRUTH), Consumer Rights Education and Awareness Trust (CREAT), Consumer Care Society (CCS) and Karuna Trust, which are dedicated non-profit organizations. CAC aims to combat corruption in government departments and agencies and to impart information about and assist with the Right to Information Act. CAC seeks to achieve its aims by facilitating cooperation among governmental institutions, NGOs and individuals towards implementation of actions that raise accountability in Government. CAC has established a HELPLINE- 6573-4444, where anti-corruption and RTI experts assist and support citizens in the redressal of complaints and grievances relating to corruption faced from public departments and agencies and for information on RTI related issues. 2. Can we know more about Public Affairs Centre? Public Affairs Centre (PAC) is a not for profit organization, established in 1994 with a mandate to improve the quality of governance in India. The creation of PAC was perhaps the first civil society-led institutional initiative to mobilize a demand for good governance in India. The focus of PAC is primarily in areas where citizens and civil society organizations can play a proactive role in improving governance. In this regard, PAC undertakes and supports research, disseminates...
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...educating its citizens about persuasive techniques and advertising. The Consumer Bill of Rights asserts the people’s right to be informed and their right to consumer education. Public opinion must be logical in order for us to properly evaluate our Democracy. Our current educational system produces uneducated citizens who are unprepared to analyze persuasive messages in such a logical manner. The government is responsible for educating its citizens about persuasive techniques and advertising because the Consumer Bill of Rights asserts the people’s right to be informed and their right to consumer education. President John F. Kennedy introduced the Consumer Bill of Rights in 1962. This legislation asserts that the American people have four fundamental consumer rights: the right to safety, the right to choose, the right to be heard, and the right to be informed. The right to be informed protects against misleading...
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...Introducing law and consumer rights In this task I will be investigating civil and criminal law and their courts of personnel. I will be determining which courts will deal with the cases and why, which legal personnel's will be involved with the case and why and also the role that each person will play in the proceedings and their responsibilities. Explain the role of civil law – concerned, deals with what Civil court the lowest court is civil structure county court County court deals with what Who is applicant, defendant The roles and responsibilities What track the case is on which track – fast, multi Alternative methods Case study 1: Sam buys a second hand car from a local garage for £5000. Within a month the brakes fail. He takes the car back to the garage 3 times for a repair but the brakes are still not fixed and the garage shop refuses to refund him. Sam wants his money back. The role of the Civil law helps and deals with disputes between 2 private parties of disputes which can cause harm to others. The lowest court of the Civil Court is the Civil Structure County Court. This case is one of many Civil Courts Cases and is left to the County Court for a solution. This Court will be the right one for dealing with this case as it is a widely used court which deals with civil. It is used for mainly tenant disputes, rent arrears, eviction disputes and consumer disputes such as faulty goods and services. This court deals and specializes with financial jurisdiction...
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...in technology and way of life. One of the most significant forces driving this development is the ability to record and deliver information across distances and at rates expanding exponentially. This is also referred to as the information age. Digital technology has changed the economy. The new terminology being used is e-marketing where the primary source of value creation for consumers has shifted from physical goods to services and information. This does not mean that everything we previously knew about business becomes irrelevant and obsolete, but it does mean that significant changes in business environment justify new approaches to thinking of the best marketing strategy and management. In summary E-commerce can be defined as an exchange of goods and services between parties, individuals and organizations as well as the electronically based intra and inter organizational activities that facilitate such exchanges.(Dave.C.,2007,p,4) There are four categories of E-commerce:- a) Business to business b) Business to consumer c) Consumer to business d) Consumer to consumer Most business still carries out the traditional ways of conducting business. This is by having a physical address where they have their products and services and translations are made there. Due to the new dot com community and ways of doing business many businesses have taken up the opportunity of conducting business online. This is because of the benefits brought about by...
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...Joshua Tollison Phase 4 Individual Project MGM310-1204B-01 Bari Courts 23 December 2012 If I were to start an e-business the main thing I would focus on would be functionality of the site and ease to make customers feel comfortable and confident about shopping with my storefront. By this I mean designing a site that gives customers several options for the products they are shopping for; along with that my customers would have access to multiple pictures of every product available, and a detailed description of the item they are interested in. My customers would also be able to compare similar items by their available options and provide a side by side analysis. The main thing for my e-business though would be the superior customer service that is provided to my clients by means of email, live chat, and a customer service hotline if you would prefer to talk to a representative. One of the final details that would make my site superior to others would be a hassle free return policy that even included return shipping for those who need to return their products for any reason. To be able to make this dream come true there are several other factors that I will be discussing throughout this paper as I present my business plan for establishing my storefront. I. E-Commerce Infrastructure Just as brick and mortar companies have an infrastructure to help them succeed in business, so do e-businesses. By having the correct infrastructure in place allows a company to run...
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...1. Introduction Electronic commerce has become an attractive market to the world, and the emerging business opportunities are now becoming a major factor in world economics. Although, investment through e-commerce channels returns high profits, but like many IT systems, it could lead business organizations to a risky situation or failing to deliver expected returns. The main cause of this is the inconsistency between the system design and the desired requirements or for the misunderstanding between IT professionals and business experts. Therefore, to design e-commerce system, a communication pattern is needed either between system developers and business owner, or between customers and the online business system. Moreover, e-commerce system should be adapted with the whole business environment such as business norms and behavior, customer practice, business rules and government policy. However, Semiotic that is ‘the science of signs’ has brought many approaches to facilitate the process of understand signs’ meaning. The approach of organizational semiotic defied the organization as a group of social norms and emphasizes on the people and their role and responsibility in order to merge them when analyzing and designing information system (Stamper et al, 2004). For e-commerce systems, there is a necessity of clear meaning for each symbol, icon and image because almost all transactions done through the web system without human agent involvement. Therefore, semiotic...
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...perspective, e-commerce is the ability to deliver products, services, information, or payments via networks such as the Internet and the World Wide Web. 2. From an interface perspective, e-commerce involves various information and transaction exchanges: business-to-business, business-to-consumer, consumer-to-consumer. 3. From a business perspective, e-commerce includes activities that directly support commerce electronically by means of networked connections. 4. From an online perspective, e-commerce is an electronic environment that makes it possible to buy and sell products, services, and information on the Internet. 5. From a structural perspective, e-commerce involves various media: data, text, web pages, Internet telephony, and internet desktop video. 6. As a market, e-commerce is a worldwide network. A local store can open a Web storefront and find the world at its doorstep-customers, suppliers, competitors, and payment services. E-business: Connecting critical business systems and constituencies directly via the Internet, Extranets, and Intranets. It goes beyond a web site on the Internet to affect all aspects of business, from strategy and process to trading partners and the ultimate consumer. It combines the resources of traditional information systems with the global reach of the Web. E-business enables organizations to accomplish the following goals: 1. Reach new markets. 2. Create new products and services. 3. Build customer...
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...Human Resource Roles and Responsibilities Human resource roles and responsibilities are changing because business trends are changing. Technology, e-business, ethics, and globalization are changing the way companies do business and therefore, the human resource management need to make changes to keep up with the new trends. Globalization and Technology During the past century companies have made changes to the way human resource department’s run. Many companies created jobs overseas, which slowed down the hiring in the United States (Noe, R., Hollenbeck, J., Gerhart, B. & Wright, P., 2004). Companies are finding to survive they must compete in international markets and fend off their competitors. Companies are also outsourcing and offshoring the workload in order to compete and pay employees lower pay. Technology is constantly advancing forward. In today’s business world technology is changing rapidly and human resource department find they need to move with it. These days few companies use paper for job applications now businesses rely on the internet which combines data from several sources into a single site. Shared service centers consolidate different human resource functions into a single location (Noe, et al, 2004). Diversity and E-Business Diversity in the U.S. labor force is growing in racial, ethnic, and gender terms. Many U.S. companies have already committed themselves to ensuring they recognize the diversity of their internal labor force and use it to gain...
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...H-E-B grocery store https://www.heb.com/ fits the category of a non – news organization that utilizes social media feeds alongside traditional media feeds. Mixed media is the best way to describe H-E-B online communication (i.e. identified as a mixture of owned media, paid media shared/social media and earned media). The organization has its own website (owned media pg. 175) that allows the company to have control over information disseminated out to both its internal and external publics (pg. 118). When it comes to paid media (pg. 176), H-E-B paid to have control over 60 seconds of air time during the 2018 super bowl. Its commercial in this case demonstrated corporate advertising (pg. 176) as it promoted its annual contest Quest for Texas...
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... This article discusses the challenges facing Nike in overcoming the stigma of poor human rights practices in their past, and how that has affected their overall business in the current decade. Social responsibility has always been an important factor to a company’s long term performance and sustainability. If you compare the stock performance of the top 50 most socially responsible companies, as published by Boston College’s Institute for Corporate Responsibility, to the S&P 500, the companies perceived as having the most ethical corporate governance consistently outperforms the competition in the long-run. This has become particularly important within the apparel industry, which has developed a stigma due its use of sweatshops over the last several decades. As many industries have become more and more automated, the apparel industry still requires an incredible amount of human capital to produce its products. Because of this, the industry has traditionally outsourced its production facilities to nations with low minimum wages and even lower working standards. There is little that can be done to avoid the nature of profit maximization and outsourcing, but companies like Nike have since realized that if they allow their products to be produced under horrible working conditions, or conditions that the company’s consumer base deems unethical and immoral, then your consumer base will not purchase their products. The Sweatshop Code of Conduct is a signatory agreement...
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