...The Attitude of Youth Populations toward Globalization What exactly are the youth views on globalization? First let’s start by defining globalization. Globalization refers to increasing global connectivity, integration and interdependence in the economic, social, technological, cultural, political, and ecological spheres. Globalization is an umbrella term and is perhaps best understood as a unitary process inclusive of many subprocesses that are increasingly binding people and the biosphere more tightly into one global system (Wikipedia, 2007). Next let’s verify the term youth. Youth is "The time of life when one is young; especially: a: the period between childhood and maturity b: the early period of existence, growth, or development" (Wikipedia, 2007). “Globalizing issues have effects on four major areas of international relations theory and practice. First, the interconnectedness of the plethora of subissues within health, environmental, and human rights issues affect international bargaining” (Mingst, 2004). These issues are talked about daily in the news. Often times when health issues are brought up it is related to youth whether it is HIV, STD’s, or just simple obesity. Often times these issues when viewed at by youth are things that do not affect them in actuality it affect them more so than adults. “Second, these globalizing issues themselves may be the source of conflict” (Mingst). With this being said it is evident why the world goes through epidemics...
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...the debate of assessing living standards, inequality and its measurement, let us first define income and consumption and how these measures are used to assess living standards in mainstream economics. According to Folbre, income encompasses all resource inflows to the household while resource outflows make up for the consumption variable (Folbre, 2009). In today’s world, living standards are assessed by looking at either of the two measures; however, most people agree that looking at living standards from the consumption angle gives us a better, more accurate feel for disparities. That being said, we recognize that these two measures do not provide a full picture: we look at resource inflows and outflows to and from households; however, we do not take into account what actually happens within the household. In recent years, more and more economists have shifted their attention to those non-market factors that directly impact standard of living among the population. In the following paragraphs, we will first examine how economic inequality is currently measured and the limitations underlying those methods. We will then elaborate on the additional parameters (household production and leisure) and their importance in better accounting for household wealth. Last, we will discuss the differences between cross-country and within-country inequalities and the role of globalization on economic inequality. When trying to assess household living standards and subsequent utility, economists...
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...Globalization through the lens of The Walt Disney Company 2. Using a single case study (for example select one of these: transnational corporations – Microsoft, McDonald’s, cultural products – film, I-pods, international financial institutions and policies – World Bank, Structural Adjustment Policies) indicate what reasons might there be for supporting and rejecting the idea of globalization as ‘Westernization’, Americanization’, and/or ‘McDonaldization’? Which arguments are more persuasive and why? Name: Amy Christofferson Student #: C05694091 Course: INS201 Due: Tuesday, November 23, 2010 "Unfortunately, all this success creates the ever-greater demand for more success." Quotes Bob Iger, The Walt Disney Company’s CEO since the death of Bill Isner in 2005. He speaks of Disney’s constant growth in economic and societal terms. Iger has focused the company’s growth on the different franchises, such as the Jonas Brothers, and on acquiring Pixar Films. Other than its branching out into other age groups, the success in the box office, along with online games and products based on both, Disney also owns many other successful businesses. Among these are ABC and ESPN as well as blossoming local Disney movies, shows and products in many different countries. Iger’s executive decisions have brought much success to Disney and have further added to the global impact of Disney and failure does not seem to be anywhere in sight. Steve Jobs, a co-founder and...
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...The role of Globalization of Social Construction of Youth Culture Introduction The purpose of this paper is to address the role in which globalization plays in the social construction of youth cultures. The phenomenal impact of communication technology on youth culture has generated a continuous debate since the 1970’s (Andrew, 2003, p. 1). The emergence of youth culture was a result of consumer market, which created diverse styles for young people worldwide (Grixti, 2008). Since the introduction of globalization, there has been a dramatic change in youth culture causing a greater shift within societies. As globalization rapidly changes, the world becomes more complex place for young people (Bourn, 2008). Therefore, a significant number of youth globally are having difficulties identifying themselves and finding their sense of belonging in this world (Bourn, 2008). Sociologist has provided strong evidence that globalization on youth culture has not only contributed positively to society but also have negative impact on the current global youth (Kahn & Kellner, 2002). To outline the aforementioned statement, the scope of this essay will confine on youth culture and the influential paradigm that contour youth cultural globally. The theoretical perspective such as post-modernism will be explored to provide a depth understanding of cultural studies. Altogether, this discussion examines the impact of globalization on communication technology and music and fashion industry...
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...Response Paper on GI units 1,3 and 4 Through out the assigned Global Issues units certain themes seem to keep coming out that are vital in the world of international business. The emergence of the B.R.I.C is a key ingredient in understanding and planning for the future of international business. Also important is the growing population and the resources needed to sustain these numbers of people. We must also realize the effects that international business has had on the environment and what those effects will mean for us in the future. Finally and probably most all encompassing is the idea of the world evolving into one cohesive unit, better known as globalization of industry. BRIC is a grouping acronym that refers to the countries of Brazil, Russia, India, and China that are deemed to all be at a similar stage of newly advanced economic development. Goldman Sachs argues that the economic potential of Brazil, Russia, India, and China is such that they could become among the four most dominant economies by the year 2050. These countries encompass over 25% of the world's land coverage and 40% of the world's population and hold a combined GDP of 18.486 trillion dollars. On almost every scale, they would be the largest entity on the global stage. These four countries are among the biggest and fastest growing emerging markets. Now that we have properly defined what the BRIC is, we must now step back and view this on a global stage. From a global business standpoint we cannot...
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...nations in the present era of globalization? When historians write of the world’s recent history, they are likely to reflect on two trends: the advance of globalization and the spread of democracy. Globalization has been the more contentious, because it has effects both good and bad, and democracy has opened space for people to protest the bad effects. So, controversies rage over the environmental, economic and social consequences of globalization. But there is another domain of globalization, that of culture and identity, which is just as controversial and even more divisive because it engages ordinary people, not just economists, government officials and political activists. Globalization has increased contacts between people and their values, ideas and ways of life in unprecedented ways. People are travelling more frequently and more widely. Television now reaches families in the deepest rural areas of China. From Brazilian music in Tokyo to African films in Bangkok, to Shakespeare in Croatia, to books on the history of the Arab world in Moscow, to the CNN world news in Amman, people revel in the diversity of the age of globalization. American coffeehouse chain Starbucks has begun selling its espresso and food items to ever-increasing number of countries and this way spreading American food habits. It is the first time in human history that virtually every individual at every level of society consciously or unconsciously feels the impact of globalization. He finds it in the media...
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...tourism is an important, if not primary, reason influencing his travel behavior, is its focus. The empirical objectives of this dissertation concerned identifying the underlying dimensions of food tourism, developing a conceptual framework that explains participation in food tourism, develop taxonomy of food tourists by segmenting the tourists based on their participation in food tourism, and finally identifying the variables that predict membership in these food tourist segments. The effect of sociodemographic variables on participation in food tourism, and their association with the food tourist segments were also examined. Further, all the findings were analyzed within the theoretical framework of the world culture theory of globalization and the cultural capital theory. Based on the survey responses of 341 tourists visiting the four coastal counties of South Carolina, the analyses revealed that food tourism is composed of five dimensions or classes of activities. These include dining at restaurants known for local cuisines, purchasing local food products, consuming local beverages, dining at high quality restaurants, and dining at familiar chain restaurants and franchises. The conceptual variables...
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...University of Phoenix Material Consumption and Mass Media Worksheet 1. Respond to all questions with academic paragraphs of at least 50 words. State your point of view and explain it thoroughly. • What is conspicuous consumption? How does conspicuous consumption influence purchasing decisions? Think about a high-priced item that you have bought or would like to buy. To what extent does conspicuous consumption affect your decision? Conspicuous consumption is the lavish spending of unnecessary items, intended to show off wealth. This type of consumption influences decisions through media advertising, as well as our cultural values and societal pressure to conform. I bought a Michael Kors bag for myself a couple years ago, and I blame it all on conspicuous consumption. I would have been just fine with any other generic brand, but felt that I finally deserved a quality, name brand bag, which I could show off to my friends and family. I still use it, and it has been one of the best purchases I’ve ever made. • What is conspicuous leisure? Examples of conspicuous leisure are abundant on television. In what ways are leisure activities informed by social and economic class? Provide an example of a popular leisure activity. What assumptions can you make about the participants of the activity? Conspicuous leisure is just like conspicuous consumption, except it is defined for leisure activities, such as vacations or other activities. It can cost a lot of extra...
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...“Global Consumer Culture is a beguiling illusion that completely glosses over the hard realities of national, ethnic and religious differences. It is therefore a dangerous fiction for the marketing manager to engage with.” Discuss, with examples. Introduction Globalization has made a more variety of products available for all consumers. In this sense, globalization increases differences, rather than generate homogenization (Lee & Usunier, 2009). Moreover, global influences are adapted to local circumstances; therefore, globalization results in an increasingly cultural diversity. The existence of a global consumer culture does not imply the disappearance of differences; rather, the modern culture results in the sum of these differences (Arnett, 2002). Global consumer culture (GCC) is a new stratum of common culture that superimpose on national cultures (Lee and Usunier, 2009) in the same way in which these overlap local traditions and subcultures existing within national boundaries, given the fact that most countries are already multicultural (Smith, 1991). Notably, it has been argued that culture is the most influential factor on consumer behaviour (Cleveland and Laroche, 2007); consequently, it is important to define the extent to which a modern global culture determine purchasing decisions, and these insights should inform marketing strategies. Therefore, the question is whether a GCC does exist, in which sense it should be interpreted, and how it does affect national cultures...
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...Globalization is the buzzword in the contemporary world. Broadly speaking, the term ‘globalization’ means integration of economies and societies through cross country flows of information, ideas, technologies, goods, services, capital, finance and people. Cross border integration can have several dimensions – cultural, social, political and economic. In fact, cultural and social integration even more than economic integration. The focus of this paper is to study the impact of globalization on economic, social and cultural fabric of India. Globalization has made countries to realize that nations can no longer be cocooned in their own cultural or economic nests but invariably be part of the larger picture which takes into account the competencies, interests and the dependencies of economies world -wide. The zeal of globalization has even forced Governments to be tuned to the merits of a Global economy. In Economics we have views on pro-globalization by Jagdish Bhagwati etc. who build on the economic notion that free trade helps everybody and lift the poor out of poverty, while we have the anti-globalization views by the likes of Vandana Shiva, Arundhati Roy, etc.,who see globalization as a way for multinational corporationss and multilateral institutions (World Bank, IMF) to change the rules all over the world to ensure better markets for the rich countries. India opened up its economy in the early nineties following a major crisis of foreign exchange crunch that dragged the economy...
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...Globalization and its Aftermath By Douglas Kellner Globalization has been one of the most hotly contested phenomena of the past two decades. It has been a primary attractor of books, articles, and heated debate, just as postmodernism was the most fashionable and debated topic of the 1980s. A wide and diverse range of social theorists have argued that today's world is organized by accelerating globalization, which is strengthening the dominance of a world capitalist economic system, supplanting the primacy of the nation-state by transnational corporations and organizations, and eroding local cultures and traditions through a global culture. Contemporary theorists from a wide range of political and theoretical positions are converging on the position that globalization is a distinguishing trend of the present moment, but there are hot debates concerning its nature, effects, and future. Moreover, advocates of a post-modern break in history argue that developments in transnational capitalism are producing a new global historical configuration of post- Fordism, or postmodernism as an emergent cultural logic of capitalism (Harvey 1989; Soja 1989; Jameson 1991; and Gottdiener 1995). Others define the emergent global economy and culture as a "network society" grounded in new communications and information technology (Castells 1996, 1997, and 1998). For its defenders, globalization marks the triumph of capitalism and its market economy (see apologists such as Fukuyama...
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...Commanding Heights, The Battle for the World Economy, by Daniel Yergin and Joseph Stanislaw (1998). The program consistently discusses the importance of globalization, without really giving a definition of globalization. The term of globalization is not neutral, it can mean different things to different people. As stated by The Globalization Website: “Globalization broadly refers to the expansion of global linkages, the organization of social life on a global scale, and the growth of a global consciousness, hence to the consolidation of world society. Such an ecumenical definition captures much of what the term commonly means, but its meaning is disputed. It encompasses several large processes; definitions differ in what they emphasize. Globalization is historically complex; definitions vary in the particular driving force they identify. The meaning of the term is itself a topic in global discussion; it may refer to "real" processes, to ideas that justify them, or to a way of thinking about them. The term is not neutral; definitions express different assessments of global change. Among critics of capitalism and global inequality, globalization now has an especially pejorative ring” (Lechner, 2000-2001). Episode 1 The first hour of episode 1, The Battle of Ideas, covered various aspects of different world economies and why globalization was important to the world. The video took the watcher through a tour of the decades, from 1917 to 1947 and the economic changes that happened during...
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...Globalization has had far-reaching effects on our lives. Globalization has led to the rapid rise in urbanization and industrialization, resulting in economic prosperity and progression in many countries. While globalization may have significant positive effects on economic growth, the negative impacts on the environment should not be downplayed (Goldin, 2009). The precipitous rise in global consumerism due to globalization has resulted in an unsustainable consumption of the earth’s natural resources in which the rate of depletion outpaces that of replenishment (Rajkobal, n.d.). Besides that, the increase in consumption has also raised several environmental concerns, particularly the aggravating global-warming phenomenon which seems to undermine the benefits of globalization. Thus, this paper seeks to examine the impacts of globalization on the environment that leads to climatic changes and how these problems can be alleviated through international cooperation and the use of new media. First, globalization has contributed to the rise in greenhouse gases in the atmosphere. Globalization causes an increase in cross-border interactions as well as the demand for production of goods, which in turn places tremendous stress on the environment. Individuals and businesses migrate from country to country in search of better prospects. This has certainly put pressure on existing land resources. As the amount of land available decreases, forested areas are encroached upon to pave way for...
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...GLOBALIZATION The world today has been described as a ‘global village’, this stems from Marshall Mc Luhan’s concept that ‘the globe has been contracted into a village by electric technology and the instantaneous movement of information from every quarter to every point at the same time’. A closer examination of globalization will indicate that indeed the barriers of space, time and borders which once existed have now disappeared or are disappearing. Globalization has been described as the rapid increase in cross-border economic, social, technological exchange under conditions of capitalism, which also, influences all spheres of our life: culture, business, trade, politics, environment and even our mentality. It connects different countries and makes their interaction easier. The globalization of the world economy is reflected in many ways. The General Agreement on Tariffs and Trade (GATT) simulates free trade between countries which allows firms to trade more easily and move around the world. A result of this increased mobility is the increasingly large scope of money and capital markets and general regulations on Foreign Direct Investment (FDI). Globalization implies that there are forces that are global, objective and universal which restrict not only diversity, but also the scope for national governments’ policy formulations. An example of this, are the conditions of the IMF loan to the British Labour government in 1976 which led to a greater role for the private...
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