...millionaire cities, mega cities and world cities. Economic development and change related to urbanisation. Contemporary urbanisation processes Urbanisation: characteristics, causes and effects. Suburbanisation: characteristics, causes and effects. Counter-urbanisation: characteristics, causes and effects. Re-urbanisation: characteristics, causes and effects. Planning and management issues. Contrasting case studies within countries at different levels of economic development to demonstrate the above. Urban decline and regeneration within urban areas Characteristics and causes of urban decline. Urban regeneration: gentrification, property-led regeneration schemes, partnership schemes between local and national governments and the private sector. Retailing and other services The decentralisation of retailing and other services – causes and impacts. One case study of an out-of-town centre retailing area. The redevelopment of urban centres – impacts and responses, including one case study of an urban centre that has undergone redevelopment. Contemporary sustainability issues in urban areas Waste management: recycling and its alternatives. Transport and its management: the development of integrated, efficient and sustainable systems. |Topic: World Cities - Economic development and change related to |Unit 3 –World Cities– Contemporary geographical issues | |urbanisation ...
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...Malls and Hypermarkets: Perspectives of Contemporary Shopping CHAPTER – 1 INTRODUCTION 18 School of Management Studies, Punjabi University, Patiala Malls and Hypermarkets: Perspectives of Contemporary Shopping 1.1 INTRODUCTION The last decade has witnessed dynamism in Indian retail sector. Various urban areas have been at the center of attraction with emergence of different kinds of organized retail formats gaining momentum. It is largely due to rising income, increasing purchasing power, credit facilities, changing pattern of consumer behaviour and increased consumer awareness. Retailing has emerged as one of the most important sectors of Indian economy beyond the 90s. A large number of retail model retail formats have come in force offering a wide spectrum of merchandise and services. The professional orientation and incorporation of various technology–enabled softwares has offered these retailers better customer relationship management, merchandise offering, store atmosphere and inventory management. There’s a flurry of activity as a revolution sweeps through small town India, with intimidating Malls, Hip stores, looming Hypermarkets & hangouts mushrooming all over the place, apart from a perceptible lifestyle change, breathing fire into these cities (Agarwal, 2006). And it is happening not just in one or two cities, but across all major Tier – II & III cities of India, and in a spectrum of sectors – booming real estate, malls, multiplexes and cinemas, global...
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... | |Contact No: |051-4863363-65 | |Consultation Hours: |9 am to 2 pm | |E-mail: |hasan@szabist-isb.edu.pk | 1. Course Description: The retailing industry is a significant industry sector and the largest private sector employer in USA and many Western countries. In emerging economies, retailing reflects the rapid changes taking place as local and international retailers compete for market share. Retail management theory takes a strategic approach to the entire retailing cycle, embracing retailer branding and innovation as its platform. Contemporary retailers face many challenges from the turbulent political, business and social environments within which they are situated. New forms of retailing continue to emerge either to lead or...
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...you are required to analyse the issuessurrounding the steady rise in the attention paid to customer loyalty and howretailers may need to change in order to remain competitive. As a guideline,your assignment should cover the following issues: a) Importance ofcontemporary trends in retailing b) Retailingbuying behaviour c) Productmerchandising and selling environment d) Retailpromotion and branding Introduction Growing interest in thestudy of retailing has been reflected in the growth of the retail industryitself globally. Potter (1982) indeed described the academic study of retailingas 'the Cinderella of the Social Sciences'. Others such as Gilbert (1999) viewretail or retailing as any business that directs its marketing efforts towardssatisfying the final consumer based on the organisation of the selling of goodsand services. Bearing in mind this definition then it is critical to be aware ofthe role and techniques of retailers placed as they are at the end of thedistribution chain. Retailers set up business in order to trade with the generalpublic and attempt to provide convenient and flexible services which may indeedbe said to be the very essence of retailing. However due to current trends whichhave emerged in the retailing industry the...
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...topic. Its primary focus is based on a number of principles. Creation of superior customer value through logistics, obtaining competitive advantage and cost control, collectively summarised through the CRAVE model of profitability. The course will be structured around the set text, and be supplemented by case studies, exercises and discussions. Emphasis will be placed on the revolution effected through the electronic interchange of information and innovations in transportation and packaging. Course Objectives The broad objectives of the course are to: * To establish a framework of understanding of the subject and the theories and practices underlying it * To illustrate all aspects of logistics and supply chain issues by relevant contemporary examples drawn from a wide variety of local and international companies * To provide an understanding of the value of service and its creation and development within the market, both as an absolute and as a competitive advantage. * To show how an understanding of efficient logistics can add to profitability but requires constant monitoring and flexibility to achieve its optimum potential Learning Outcomes On completion of this course students should be able to deliver the following skills: * Assess current logistic and supply chain operations and make recommendations for their improvement * Understand the tools and techniques available to improve logistic development * Appreciate the relationship between...
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...http://ivythesis.typepad.com/term_paper_topics/2009/09/what-makes-uniqlo-as-a-popular-casual-wear-brand-in-hong-kong.html What Makes UNIQLO a Popular Casual Wear in Hong Kong? EXECUTIVE SUMMARY This report is about UNIQLO, a leading casual apparel retailer in the world. UNIQLO’s success was remarkable. UNIQLO is a combination of the words unique and clothing. Perhaps the reason why UNIQLO is popular in Japan, China, the United Kingdom, Korea, Hong Kong and now in the United States is because of its uniqueness. UNIQLO offers high quality, fashionable clothes at a very affordable price. This report will discuss the reasons behind UNIQLO’s success and popularity. This report will discuss UNIQLO’s history, its business structure and the characteristics of the Japanese and Hong Kong retail industry. In addition, this report will also analyze the company’s Strengths, Weaknesses as well as the Opportunities and Threats that it deals with. Lastly, this report will discuss UNIQLO’s growth strategies and its plans to achieve its goal of becoming a global brand that transcends cultural boundaries. TABLE OF CONTENTS Page Number Executive Summary 1 Introduction 4 Industry Analysis Japanese Retail Industry 5 ...
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...of branded jewellery in India. Being a division of Titan Industries Limited, a company promoted by TATA group, it is one of India’s largest conglomerates. The name was formed by combining ‘Tata’ and ‘Nishk’ (meaning necklace). Another combination is ‘Tan’ (body) and ‘Ishq’ (love). Located at Hosur, Tamil Nadu, the 135,000 sq. ft. factory is equipped with the latest and most modern machinery and equipment. Tanishq has an exquisite range of gold, gems and diamond jewellery system prevalent in the country. It has set up production and sourcing bases with thorough research of the jewellery crafts in India. It introduced innovations like karat-meter, the only non-destructive means to check the purity of gold. It also introduced professional retailing in the un-organized jewellery bazaar, where women can shop with comfort and peace, without worrying about the purity of the jewellery they are buying. It has successfully taken up the challenge of transforming this frontier into a reliable consumer space by bringing to it all the virtues and benefits that branding offers. HISTORY: The Tanishq saga began in the early 1990s, primarily fuelled by the fabled TATA entrepreneurial spirit and partly forced by circumstance. The splendid Titan watches success story was already up and running, and happened to need more foreign exchange to purchase the imported components and machines required to keep up with the burgeoning watch production. But with India going through a foreign exchange crisis...
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...the importance and the role of the resource decision in the strategic development and the strategic planning of Tesco. The report also analyse the different strategic tools and techniques used for the strategic decision making and which are also helping the organization in developing strategic plans of the organization. There are various issues which are described in this report like the ratio analysis, break even analysis, and the other appraising methods which are used in strategic decision making and planning of Tesco. The management of the tangible and intangible assets of Tesco are also analysed by the different analytical tools and the report reveal that the organization is taking effective steps and it is managing its resources effectively and efficiently. Contents TESCO PLC: 2 Task 1: 3 Resource Decisions and their Impact on Strategy of the Organization: 3 Task 2: 5 Role of financial Analysis and techniques in the strategic planning and strategic development: 5 Task 3: 8 International Financial perspectives of Tesco: 8 Risk Assessment and Management 9 Financial Performance 9 Task 4: 11 Task 5: 16 Contemporary management Accounting: 16 Task 6: 18 Analysis of environment of Tesco: 18 Political Factors 18 Economic Factors 18 Social/Cultural Factors 18 Technological Factors 18 Steps Taken By Tesco to respond these changes: 19 Task 7: 20 Importance of Communication: 20 References 22 TESCO PLC: Tesco plc is a global grocery and...
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...implies a strong emphasis on how work is done within an organization. 2 What is BPR? It is a fundamental rethinking and radical redesign of business processes to achieve dramatic improvements in critical contemporary measures of performance, such as cost, quality, service and speed. BPR transfer the current process (ASIS) to an improved process (TOBE) 3 What is a BPR Modeling & Analysis Method? Language and procedure with underlying process concepts to build and analyze process models. Business process modeling: Development of representation of business process, representation captures the aspects of process that are key to understanding its functioning and performance. Business process analysis: Examination of structure and performance of business process, assessment of impact of various parameters. 4 How to deal with resistance to change? 4.1 Communication i Stakeholders need to understand (What, why, how) ii Ongoing two-way communication 4.2 Involvement i Saving money not employ expert ii Ask employee (What do you think?) (appropriate moments) 4.3 Training i Hard skill + Soft skill 4.4 Reward i Extrinsic reward + Intrinsic reward 5 El Sawy’s Approach 5.1 Operationalize process performance target 5.2 Define process boundaries 5.3 Identify key process issues 5.4 Understanding best practices and define initial visions 5.5 Familiarize participants with BPR software 5.6 Outline data collection plan and collect baseline data 5.7 Plan for modeling phase i...
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...GiordanoPositioning Aditya Dave Syed Azharuddin Karan Kumar Madhur Agrawal Group 6 11P005 11P056 11P085 11P146 Issues • In what ways should Giordano change its current positioning in the • Would the factors that had contributed to Giordano’s success in the past remain equally critical over the coming years or were new key success factors (KSF) emerging • Are Giordano’s competitive strengths readily transferable to other markets Concept • Brand Positioning By definition, brand positioning involves defining the one core idea that the brand stands for in the minds of customers. Besides, it helps in working out a strategy that forms the basis of pricing, promotion, product development and distribution decisions. Giordano at a Glance • “To be the best and the biggest world brand inthe apparel retailing.” • Giordano’s mission is to provide value for money merchandise • Giordano is a retailer of casual clothes • It was founded by jimmy Lai in 1980 • In 1985 it opened its first outlet in Singapore • After 1987 it repositioned itself as a retailer of unisex apparel Management value & styles • Lai’s management philosophy • Employee treated as an assets • Spent heavily on training-average 224 hourstraining for each employee • Paid high wages to employees • Flat organizational structure • Services of Giordano – key strength • Employee evaluation- service star award • Store evaluation- Best service shop • Value for money-selection of suppliers, cost control etc Management...
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...distributor level. EBags was acting as an intermediary for the customer. The customer ordered on the website, and eBags electronically transmitted the order to the vendor. The vendor, in turn, shipped orders directly from producers to consumers. eBags.com domain lent more opportunity to expand into several categories. It has helped the company encounter rapid growth and can be attributed to three strategies: a drop ship model, customer reviews and outsourced call Centre. It has reduced the inventory risk. The company also drop-ships products, but part of the business has shifted to an inventory model which has permitted them to work with a broader choice of brands. The issue, as eBags revealed and as many online vendors have yet to understand, outlines the fundamental operational difficulties of Internet retailing. It centers on a concept general in the business-to-business idea but hardly employed in a business-to-consumer context: cost-to-serve. Presented as the total supply chain cost to destination from origin, cost-to-serve incorporates factors of the like as inventory stocking,...
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...CHANGING CLOTHES. CHANGING CONVENTIONAL WISDOM. CHANGING THE WORLD. Fast Retailing has the conviction and vision to face the challenge of creating a better world. PARIS Valerie Dassier, Head of E-Commerce and Customer Care, Comptoire des Cottonniers and Princess Tam Tam To become a leader, it’s not enough to do it a little bit better. Great leaders see a different reality. LONDON Kate Pierre, Store Manager, Uniqlo UK We are going to be the number one casual clothes company in the world. And we will look to our managers in the company to take on bigger roles in their local countries and abroad. MOSCOW Aleksandr Kurchatov, Store Manager, Uniqlo Your attitude and your smile go a long way. My philosophy is to give people the chance to smile and they will open up. NEW YORK Jennifer Parker, VP Store Management, Theory, NY More than any other retailer, FR empowers people to be the CEOs of their own four walls. They put the onus on the store manager to change themselves and make it the most important role. SAN FRANCISCO Daisuke Tsukakoshi, Director West Coast, Uniqlo USA In the U.S., the home of casual clothing, competition is fierce. We’ll need people who are willing to play major roles in opening up this effort. SHANGHAI Joanne Lam, Merchandising Director, Uniqlo, Hong Kong and Mainland China I always admired Coco Channel as a kid. She turned around the whole fashion industry of her time. I want to work in a big company that is prepared to make that...
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...How does international business achieve its internationalisation objectives in the present-day context? 2. Write a brief overview of the organisation and its mission/objectives related to international business(maximum 500 words for this section) . Brief overview of Zara >>>> International business refers to a broad spectrum of business activities undertaken across national borders.This essay will discuss the international business and internationalisation objectives of Zara in the contemporary context with focus on the business done in the USA. The 1975 established, Spanish based, fashion retailer is a subsidiary of the parent company Inditex. Zara operated in 87 countries by 2014, having 45 stores in United States alone(http://www.inditex.com/en/our_group/international_presence). Zara’s Mission/objectives >>>> (http://wiki.answers.com/Q/What_is_Zara_mission_and_vision?#slide=1). Continuous design, production and distribution is Zara’s objective with a quick turnover maintained through updating stock twice a week (http://www.slideshare.net/shaheen1934/zara-the-inditex-group). The rapid turnover of new inventory allows Zara’s consumers to have access to the most trendy fashion available within the shortest time, this is one of the factors that distinguishes Zara apart from other fashion retailers (http://bura.brunel.ac.uk/bitstream/2438/2003/6/Internationalisation%20of%20Zara.pdf). Zara’s Business Model >>>> In order to better understand Zara’s international...
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...Lovely Professional University, Punjab Course Code MGT519 Course Category Course Title OPERATIONS MANAGEMENT Courses with numerical and conceptual focus Course Planner 16031::Gurpreet Kaur Lectures 3.0 Tutorials Practicals Credits 1.0 0.0 4.0 TextBooks Sr No T-1 Title Operations Management Reference Books Sr No R-1 R-2 Other Reading Sr No OR-1 OR-2 OR-3 OR-4 OR-5 OR-6 OR-7 OR-8 OR-9 OR-10 OR-11 OR-12 Journals articles as Compulsary reading (specific articles, complete reference) The four things that a service Business must get right HBR Article , Bang & Olufsen Design Driven Innovation : HBR , Smart Product Design : HBR , Mishina, Kazuhiro. Toyota Motor Manufacturing, U.S.A., Inc. HBS Case No. 9-693-019. Harvard Business School Publishing, Boston, 1995. , Hammond, Janice H. Barilla SpA (A). HBS Case No. 9-694-046. Harvard Business School Publishing, Boston, 1994. , Latour, Almar. Nokia Handles Supply Shock with Aplomb as Ericsson of Sweden Gets Burned. The Wall Street Journal. Dow Jones & Company, Inc., 2001. , National Cranberry Cooperative HBS #688122. From Case Map , John Crane UK Ltd Case : The CAD CAM Link . HBS #691021,24p , To Move or not to Move .Case of Cathay Pacific Airways . University of Hong Kong HBS #HKU003,22p , Note on Quality: The Views of Deming, Juran, and Crosby HBS .687011 , Process Control at Polaroid , HBS, #693047 , LL Bean Item Forecasting and Inventory Management HBS, #893003, 5p , Johson Control Automotive Systems , HBS,#69308623p , Title Operations...
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...Journal of Contemporary History, Vol. 39, No. 3 (Jul., 2004), pp. 373-401 Published by: Sage Publications, Ltd. Stable URL: http://www.jstor.org/stable/3180734 . Accessed: 21/03/2011 08:15 Your use of the JSTOR archive indicates your acceptance of JSTOR's Terms and Conditions of Use, available at . http://www.jstor.org/page/info/about/policies/terms.jsp. JSTOR's Terms and Conditions of Use provides, in part, that unless you have obtained prior permission, you may not download an entire issue of a journal or multiple copies of articles, and you may use content in the JSTOR archive only for your personal, non-commercial use. Please contact the publisher regarding any further use of this work. Publisher contact information may be obtained at . http://www.jstor.org/action/showPublisher?publisherCode=sageltd. . Each copy of any part of a JSTOR transmission must contain the same copyright notice that appears on the screen or printed page of such transmission. JSTOR is a not-for-profit service that helps scholars, researchers, and students discover, use, and build upon a wide range of content in a trusted digital archive. We use information technology and tools to increase productivity and facilitate new forms of scholarship. For more information about JSTOR, please contact support@jstor.org. Sage Publications, Ltd. is collaborating with JSTOR to digitize, preserve and extend access to Journal of Contemporary History. http://www.jstor.org Journalof Contemporary London,Thousand...
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